N'chiyani chimachititsa zigawo konkire ndi udindo wawo

Lero, yokumba zomangila - mmodzi wa atsogoleri m'munda wake. Mkulu mphamvu konkire zopangidwa osiyana ali ndi makhalidwe kwambiri. Kwa izo anamangapo nyumba ndi odalirika, wautali moyo utumiki ndi durability.

Konkire interacts bwino ndi mfundo ikuthandizira. Mgwilizano izi amaonedwa kwambiri pomanga nyumba analimbitsa simenti. Ngati mukufuna kudziŵa ngati, ku chimene chimapangitsa simenti, ndi bwino powasamalira zigawo 4 Kiyi, kuphatikizapo:

• mchenga;
• simenti;
• miyala;
• madzi.

zosakaniza awa ananenanso mu kufanana zina ndi udindo.

Gawo

Konkire osakaniza amene adakali otchedwa okonzeka konkire Kusakaniza ndi makina zikuluzikulu za zikuchokera, amene ali osokonezeka mu kufanana anakonzeratu. Ngati zikuchokera si anawonjezera miyala, ndiye kenako inu mukhoza kutenga chikhalidwe simenti matope kapena mchenga konkire. Komabe, mu mchenga otsiriza ntchito nusu zikuluzikulu.

Pakuti kukonzekera za konkire Kusakaniza amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndalama zinayi za makhalidwe mbali simenti, mchenga magawo awiri ndi mbali 0,5 madzi. Nthawi zambiri, ambuye novice ndi chidwi ndi nkhani yoti, kodi zimapangitsa konkire. Nkhanizi tinganene kuti chitsanzo yeniyeni. Kuti mupeze chiyenera kugwirizana malita 180 a madzi, makilogalamu 1250 pa miyala, makilogalamu 330 a simenti ndi makilogalamu 600 a mchenga. manambala awa ali pafupifupi ndi zoona, mfundo zenizeni kudzadalira zifukwa, ayenera allocated pakati pawo:

• mtundu wa simenti;
• Konkire chizindikiro;
• ntchito plasticizers ndi zina zina;
• makhalidwe a mchenga ndi miyala.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati ife kutenga njira M400 simenti mtundu, ntchito alionse tatchulawa adzapereka M250 konkire. Koma ntchito ingagwiritsidwe ntchito polimbikitsa mtundu M500, ndiye kalasi konkire kukachitika komaliza lidzaonekera M350. Pamene wobala konkire chilengedwe fakitale awaloŵetsa ambiri chifukwa cha makhalidwe ndi magawo.

Udindo wa zigawo zikuluzikulu za konkire

Ngati funso lomwelo ananyamuka kutsogolo kwa inu kuti, kodi kuchita konkire, ndiye muyenera kudziwa bwino udindo wa zosakaniza chachikulu. Choncho, madzi ndi simenti kutumikira monga Gawo. Ali ndi Ntchito yaikulu chimaonetsera gulu la zosakaniza mu dongosolo limodzi.

Ngati molondola kusunga anapangira zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi, kudzakhala kotheka kuti akwaniritse ntchito yaikulu ya kusanganikirana konkire. nyumbayi amatchedwa chiŵerengero madzi simenti. Iwo ikuchitika osati pa buku la madzimadzi ndi simenti, komanso chinyezi wa mchenga ndi miyala mayamwidwe madzi.

Pamene pamodzi ndi madzi simenti amayamba kucheza ndi zimene zimatchedwa simenti hydration. chigawo izi zikuyamba kukhala ndi kuumitsa, n'kupanga mwala simenti. Ambiri anakumana ndi mwala pamene thumba lotseguka simenti, amene kusungidwa mu khola zaka zingapo.

Simenti ndi madzi ndi kale wokonzeka zakuthupi. Koma mwala simenti ndi olumala pa solidification. Shrinkage akhoza zopanda 2 mm pa mita. Izi osachepera pang'ono, ndi chifukwa shrinkage wa m'goli njira nkhawa mkati kumachitika, zomwe amalimbikitsa mapangidwe ming'alu chabwino. Ngakhale pafupifupi wosawoneka, koma durability ndi mphamvu ya simenti phala pa nthawi yomweyo yafupika. Pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto a anawonjezera fillers chikhalidwe, pakati pawo - mchenga ndi miyala.

Udindo wa aggregates ndi

Tsopano, inu mukudziwa, zimene zimapangitsa konkire, koma ndi kofunika kudziwa zambiri zokhudza udindo wa aggregates lapansi. Close zochita chomenyedwa, pamene chabwino - mchenga. zosakaniza zimenezi zakonzedwa kuti kulenga chimango structural, amene adzatenge pa mavuto ntchito shrinkage.

Wokonzeka zotsatira konkire mu shrinkage si choncho chidwi. mphamvu amakhala apamwamba, ndi mapindikidwe wa simenti pansi pa katundu yafupika. Ingayambe amachepetsa pamene zinthu zimasintha kukula pa ntchito katundu. Kuti kuchepetsa ndalama aggregates konkire akadali zofunika. Chifukwa chakuti simenti ndi odula koposa mchenga ndi miyala, zosakaniza otsiriza n'kofunika m'nkhaniyo.

Translation kulemera magawo mu Volume

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino, mwaphunzira zokhudza anapangira zosakaniza chachikulu cha konkire. Palibe mavuto n'kukhala tuzigawo twa voliyumu ndi kulemera, kupanga mawerengedwe. Mfundozi adzakhala zothandiza kwa inu ngati mukuganiza bwanji kuti konkire, chiwerengero ayenera kufufuza. Ngati simenti watengedwera mu kuchuluka kwa 0,25 mamita ^3, madzi ayenera kumwedwa mu buku la 0,18 mamita ^3. Chofunika woyamba akutengedwa yolemera makilogalamu 330. The kachulukidwe pafupifupi zambiri za simenti 1300 makilogalamu pa mita kiyubiki.

Monga madzi, amatengedwa mu buku la malita 180. Kulemera 0,9 ^M3 a miyala ndi osalimba ndi chochuluka makilogalamu 1350 pa mita kiyubiki ndi 1250 kg. Koma mchenga 0,43 mamita ³ - 600 makilogalamu nkhaniyi, osalimba chochuluka filler ndi wofanana makilogalamu 1400 pa mita kiyubiki.

Ngati pamaso inu funso adanyamuka zimene anapangira kuti konkire, muyenera mutidziwe bwino deta kuperekedwa pamwamba. Koma akuti pamapeto mudzatha kupeza 1,76 mamita ^3. Mungakonde mu funso m'mene zonse n'zogwirizana 1 mita kiyubiki konkire. Kuti tiyankhe muyenera kutenga Kilogalamu imodzi mtsuko ndi kudzaza ndi miyala pa khosi. Pakati pa miyala kukhala kwambiri malo wotchedwa intergranular voiding.

voidage Izi ziyenera lembani makapu awiri mchenga, simenti ndi galasi ndi yofanana madzi. Zonse izi wosakaniza ndi kugwedezeka, chifukwa cha mwai ngati inu kupeza chinthu wandiweyani. pores zonse zakuthupi ndizodzazidwa, zigawo pritrutsya kwa wina ndi mzake. Ngati konkire Kodi asakhudze izo, adzayamba alimbitse. Ndi oyambitsa ndi akututuma zinthuzo amakhala pulasitiki, adzakhala nawobe thixotropy.

Nkofunika kutchula mawu ochepa za akaphatikiza coarse - wophwanyidwa mwala. mtundu wake akhale nthawi 2 zambiri, nkhani mphamvu. Izi ndi zoona poyerekeza ndi pafupifupi kalasi konkire. Lamulo limeneli chifukwa chakuti kapangidwe kalasi konkire n'chozama poyerekeza ndi wolimba kuti wopeza ndalama mu miyezi sikisi. Koma mphamvu ya makhalidwe akanali yemweyo. Choncho, ayenera kusalaza.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri kufanana konkire simenti M400

Ngati mukuganizabe za nkhani ya mmene amapangira simenti, chiwerengero chuma tiyenera kuziganizira mofatsa. Ntchito simenti M400, ndipo mukhoza kupeza mwala wa zopangidwa mosiyana, ngati inu kuwonjezera zosakaniza yakuti: simenti, mchenga ndi miyala mu kufanana ena.

Pakuti simenti zigawo mtundu M100 mwa ndondomeko tatchulawa ayenera zidzawonjezedwa kwa chiŵerengero zotsatirazi: 1: 4.6: 7,0. Koma ngati inu mukufuna kupeza mtundu simenti M200, ndiye simenti, mchenga ndi miyala akuwonjezeka mu magawo oterowo: 1: 2.8: 4.8. Kalasi apamwamba konkire - M450 kukonzekera zosakaniza ake akuwonjezeka m'mbali zotsatirazi: 1: 1.1: 2.5.

Kukonzekera konkire pa maziko

Ngati inu anayamba kumanga nyumba, inu adziŵe kuti konkire kuti maziko. Tiyenera kutenga makilogalamu 10 a simenti, makilogalamu 40 a mwala wosweka kapena miyala, ndi makilogalamu 30 a mchenga. Pakuti mtundu simenti M300 madzi ayenera zidzawonjezedwa zosakwana kulemera theka la zigawo zina. Ngati yankho adzakhala zolimba kwambiri, akhoza pang'ono kuchepetsedwa. Ndi bwino kumamatira kugwirizana, umene kusakaniza nkhani madzi ndi khama fosholo. Ndiko kuti, njira ayenera kuthamanga ndi fosholo yachidule ndi yosavuta.

Pofunsa funso la zimene anapangira kuti konkire pa maziko, inu muyenera kuyankha nokha pa iye ndi kupatsidwa chakuti mchenga akhoza kudyedwa yaiwisi. Ngati muli chinyezi, zigawo zikuluzikulu pamaso kusakaniza akaphatikiza chabwino ayenera zouma kapena kutenga malita angapo a madzi. Sand zifunike ukhondo. zotsukira The izo bwino kugwidwa ndi yankho.

ayamikira zina

Mapira ndi miyala mu tuzigawo twa bwino ntchito mwa masentimita 2. The simenti asadzichulukitsire kale zomangamanga, monga adzakhala kuyamwa chinyontho pa yosungirako ndipo kwenikweni iwonongeke. Pangani yovomereza za sabata isanayambe kuyanjana kwa konkire Kusakaniza.

Ngati mumachita konkire ndi manja awo, onetsetsani kuti anapangira. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuthira maziko kuchita bwino m'miyezi yotentha. Ndi kutsitsa kutentha koyenera madzi kutentha ndi njira kotero kuti sanali kale anagwira. Apo ayi, nkhani sadzakhala wamphamvu Komanso sudzakhazikika ayi olumikizidwa kwa vavu kapena ayi tikaumbike.

The ntchito yokonza akakhale opanga konkire

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chosakanizira mu yokonza matope, ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zosakaniza mulibe zosafunika. The chippings adzakhala lubwe kapena miyala, koma mtanda adzakhala bwino.

Ndiye zosakaniza youma ali osokonezeka pamodzi mu chidebe osiyana. Kuti tichite zimenezi, simenti ndi mchenga palimodzi. Izi kawirikawiri ntchito ndi ufa kapena mphika. Ngati inunso anali pakati pa anthu amene amaganiza za mmene amapangira simenti mu chosakanizira konkire, sitepe yotsatira ndi kutsanulira misa chifukwa ayenera kukhala mu chidebe, kumene mktae idzachitike. Komabe, izi zisanachitike anawonjezera miyala ndi madzi.

The njira ya ntchito

Knead basi ayenera pambuyo mbali yomaliza kuti zidzawonjezedwa - makhalidwe. Pakuti chabwino kusanganikirana zofunika kuti atenge madzi oyera, tiyenera mulibe mchere. Nditamaliza chosakanizira simenti ndi kutsukidwa, sitiyenera kusakaniza. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mkati ladzala ndi madzi ndi kuwonjezera pang'ono miyala. Kusakaniza konkire mu chosakanizira mwala ndi kofunika malingana ngati simukhoza kupeza misa homogeneous.

Pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe mu chosakanizira simenti, nanga kufanana kuwonjezera zosakaniza zofunika. Ntchito zingakhale akakhale opanga konkire machenjerero zosiyanasiyana. Ena a iwo yokoka. Pankhaniyi, kuti kuphatikiza ng'oma tsamba akakumanenso. Mbali ya ndingaliro ya ng'oma ya zikhoza kusintha.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa akakhale opanga konkire - chipangizo mokakamizidwa. Kaya zida zanu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, chinthu chachikulu - kusakaniza zigawo zikuluzikulu mu kufanana zolondola.