Ndi ma opera ati omwe Chaliapin adasewera mbali zikuluzikulu? "Pskovite" (Ivan the Terrible), "Life for the Tsar" (Ivan Susanin), "Mozart ndi Salieri" (Salieri)

Kumvetsetsa mbiriyakale ya zisudzo za ku Russia sizingatheke popanda kulingalira funso la maofesi omwe Shalyapin ankasewera mbali zikuluzikulu. Mnyimbo wapadera uyu adakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha dziko, komanso chikhalidwe cha dziko. N'zovuta kufotokozera zomwe wapereka pa chitukuko cha zojambula za opera. Kupambana kwake kwapadera kwadzidzidzi kunathandiza kufalitsa ndi kufalitsa nyimbo za Russia zakuda, komanso nyimbo zowerengeka ndi zowerengeka.

Nkhani zina za biography

Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin anabadwira ku Kazan mu 1873. Woimba mtsogolo anachokera ku banja losauka. Anamaliza maphunziro ake ku sukulu ya parishiyo, kuyambira ali mwana adayimba mu mpingo wa choir. Komabe, chifukwa cha zovuta zachuma, iye kwa nthawi ndithu adaphunzitsidwa ntchito zamisiri. Patapita kanthawi, mnyamatayo analowa sukulu ya luso. Chiyambi cha ntchito yake yolenga chikugwirizana ndi kufika kwa Serebryakov mu gululo, kumene iye anayamba kuchita mbali zing'onozing'ono, kutenga nawo nyimbo kuimba.

Mu 1890, Fedor Ivanovich Shalyapin anapita ku Ufa komwe adalowa ku operetta. Kumeneko anayamba kuchita masewera. Patapita zaka zinayi adasamukira ku Moscow, kenako - mpaka ku likulu la ufumuwo, kumene adaloledwa ku malo owonetsera masewera. Pano iye adagwira maudindo onse awiri a kunja. Talente ya mnyamata wamng'onoyo nthawi yomweyo inakopa chidwi cha anthu onse, komanso otsutsa. Komabe, ngakhale kukula kwa kutchuka, Shalyapin anamva kuti anali ndi vuto linalake: analibe ufulu ndi kuchitapo kanthu.

Ntchito yoyambirira

Kusintha kwakukulu pamoyo wa woimbayo pambuyo pake adadziwana ndi Myuda wodalirika wa mamiliyoni ndi wopereka mphatso zachifundo S. Mamontov. Ali ndi iye, adayamba kukumana ndi kufunafuna talente ndikulemba oimba abwino, oimba ndi ojambula mu gulu lake. Mzinda uno, nkhani za Shalyapin zinayamba ndi kugwira ntchito ya udindo wa Ivan Susanin ku Opera Life for the Tsar ya Glinka. Ntchitoyi inali yopambana kwambiri ndipo inachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya ojambula, popeza inali yopangidwira kuti taluso yake inawululidwa ngati woimba nyimbo za ku Russia, zomwe amamvetsa bwino ndi kuzizindikira.

Kenaka Savva Ivanovich anaitana woimbayo ku chipinda chake. Iye ankafuna kupanga kanyumba ka Russia ka nyimbo, choncho iye ankasamala kwambiri kukopa akatswiri ojambula kwambiri.

Maluwa okongola

Mamontovskaya opera ankachita bwino kwambiri chikhalidwe cha Russia. Zoona zake n'zakuti panthawiyi pokhapokha maofesiwa anali osasunthika omwe sanapite ku malo owonetsera masewero. Mwachitsanzo, apa panali pomwe Rimsky-Korsakov "Mozart ndi Salieri" akuyambanso ntchito yoyamba. Udindo wa womalizawu unasewera bwino ndi Chaliapin. Kawirikawiri, masewera atsopanowa adaitanidwa kuti azifalitsa nyimbo za oimira "Big Heap". Ndipo zinali mu bukhu ili limene taluso la woimbayo lidawonjezeredwa.

Kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa maudindo a ochita masewera otchukawa asintha, ndikwanira kungolemba mndandanda momwe opaleshoni Chaliapin adasewera mbali zikuluzikulu. Iye anayamba kuimba nyimbo yotchuka ya ku Russia: iye anakopeka ndi oimba nyimbo, amphamvu komanso ochititsa chidwi omwe analemba zolemba zawo zapachiyambi, zapachikale komanso zamatsenga. Zojambula zachikhalidwe zinkakonda makamaka woimbayo, ndipo zojambulajambula za mbiri yakale ya ku Russia zinakopeka ndi zithunzi zawo komanso kuya kwake. Pa nthawi imeneyi ya ntchito yake (1896-1899), adakhala ndi zithunzi zambiri pa siteji. Imodzi mwa ntchito zofunikira kwambiri pa sitejiyi ndi udindo wa Ivan Woopsa pantchito ya Rimsky-Korsakov.

Zolemba zakale zogwira ntchito

Opera "Pskovityanka" imachokera ku zochitika za mbiri yakale ndipo imakhala ndi chiwembu chachikulu komanso champhamvu komanso panthawi imodzimodziyo maganizo a chifanizo cha tsar ndi anthu okhala mumzindawo. Nyimbo za ntchitoyi zinali zogwirizana ndi luso la luso komanso luso la woimba. Pa udindo wa wolamulira uyu, iye anali wokakamiza komanso wogwira mtima, kotero kuti ntchitoyi inakhala imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri mu ntchito yake. Pambuyo pake, adayang'ana nyamayi mufilimuyi, adachita ntchitoyi. Komabe, popeza woimbayo sankadziwa kuti pulogalamu ya cinema ndi yofunika, iye sanachitepo kanthu, ndipo filimu yake yoyamba sinayenere kuyesedwa kwa otsutsa.

Zotsatira zakupha

Kuti mudziwe zolinga za woimbayo, m'pofunika kuwonetsa kuti ma opaleshoni Chaliapin adasewera mbali zingati. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti pali ambiri mwa iwo. Opera "Pskovityanka" ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yake. Komabe, adadzakhala wotchuka muzinthu zina zochititsa chidwi. Panthawiyi, adaona kuti malo ake opambana ndi opambana a Russia, omwe amawaona kuti ndi ofunikira kwambiri, ndipo adagwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha nyimbo zoimbira nyimbo. Akatswiri adanena kuti kutchuka kwa woimbayo sikungokhala chifukwa cha deta yake yodabwitsa, komanso kujambula, kukwanitsa kufotokozera mbaliyo ndi kumveketsa zolinga zazing'ono kwambiri.

Otsutsa anazindikira kuti anamva bwino nyimbo yomwenso idachitidwa. Kuwonjezera apo, Chaliapin anali wojambula bwino kwambiri wa zisudzo, ndiko kuti, mothandizidwa ndi maonekedwe ndi manja, adadutsa mbali zonse zamaganizo za chikhalidwe chojambula. Woimbayo anali ndi luso la kubwezeretsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, iye akhoza kusewera maudindo angapo mu sewero limodzi. Fyodor Shalyapin adadziwika ndi luso limeneli.

"Boris Godunov" - Opera yomwe adaimba maphwando a mfumu ndi Monk Pimen. Ntchito yake inali yofotokozera kwambiri, monga gawo lililonse adatha kupeza chinenero chatsopano. Mussorgsky anali wolemba nyimbo.

Mipukutu

Liwu la Chaliapin ndilopamwamba. Ndipo ngakhale kuti anali wotchuka chifukwa cha ntchito yake pachigawo choyamba cha maphwando ovuta, iye adali ndi zisangalalo zambiri, ndipo monga wojambula kwambiri adachita masewero abwino kwambiri, mwachitsanzo chitsanzo cha Don Basilio mu opera The Barber of Seville.

Talente yake inali yambiri: iye ankaimba mozizwitsa komanso m'magulu, monga, mu opera a Glinka. Kuwonjezera pa kusewera gawo lalikulu mu sewero la "Life for the Tsar", iye adagwira ntchito ya mmodzi wa ankhondo mu ntchito yake ina. Zing'onozing'ono izi zomwe anaziwonetsa zinali zodziwika bwino ndi akatswiri omwe ankanena kuti wojambulayo anatha kufotokoza molondola fano la msilikali wodzitamandira.

Ntchito ina yaing'ono koma yofunika ndi phwando la alendo a Varangian omwe adakhala khadi loyimba ndi chithunzi cha miller kuchokera ku zochitika zina zachinsinsi. Komabe, maziko a zolemba zake anapitirizabe kukhala maphwando akuluakulu. Pano, nkofunikira kuyambitsa ntchito mu opera "Mozart ndi Salieri". Ntchitoyi imakhala yosiyana ndipo imasiyana ndi zomwe anachita kale. Komabe, Shalyapin adadziwonetsera yekha ngati wojambula wamkulu, atachita mzerewu bwino.

M'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 1900

Kumayambiriro kwa kusintha koyamba kwa Russia, woimbayo anali kale wotchuka kwambiri. Pa nthawiyi akuimba nyimbo kuchokera ku nyimbo za anthu, zomwe zinamveka phokoso lapadera. Chodziwika kwambiri chinali nyimbo "Dubinushka", imene antchito anapereka phokoso la kusintha. Bolsheviks atayamba kulamulira m'chaka cha 1917, Shalyapin anakhala mtsogoleri wa Theatre Mariinsky ndi ufulu wa anthu a Republic. Komabe, chifukwa cha maulendo ambiri omwe ankapita kudziko lakale komanso zopereka zothandizira ana a amitundu, adakayikira kuti amamvera chifundo mfumu. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1922, woimbayo ankakhala ndikupita kudziko lakutali, komwe adataya dzina la anthu.

Kusamuka

Mu 1920 mpaka 1930-simbayo adayendera, osalankhula ndi apakhomo okha, komanso ndi maiko akunja. Pofotokoza nthawi iyi ya ntchito yake, muyenera kufotokozera kuti ma opaleshoni Chaliapin adasewera mbali zingati. Kotero, makamaka kwa iye wolemba nyimbo wa ku France J. Massenet analemba opera "Don Quixote". Woimbayo adagwira ntchitoyi ndipo adawonetsedwa mu filimuyi.

Chaliapin anamwalira mu 1938 kuchokera ku matenda aakulu, anaikidwa m'manda ku France, koma phulusa lake linatengedwa kupita kudziko lathu. Mu 1991, adatsitsidwanso kumutu wa People's Artist.