Anthu a Asia, South-East, Central ndi Middle

Asia ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri ndipo ku Ulaya ndipamene ndi ku Europe ndi ku Asia. Ku Ulaya salembedwa anapambulwa pa malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa kwa mapiri a Ural. Asia kumalire ndi dziko la kumpoto, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Arctic ndipo wosiyana North America ndi Bering Strait. Kum'mawa ndi Pacific Ocean, kumwera - ndi Indian. Ndipo kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa malire ndi nyanja ya Atlantic Ocean, ndipo amalekanitsa Africa ku Suez Canal ndipo Nyanja Yofiira. Chifukwa cha linali lalikulu, Asia amakhala ndi kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe, nyengo. Ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi, anthu osiyanasiyana ndi ku Asia, kulankhula zinenero zosiyana, kukhala yekha, nthawi zina zachilendo kwambiri dziko chiyambi chawo mafuko, zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana. mapangidwe awo anayamba kalekale. Izo zinayambira mu Asia, dziko otukuka kwambiri wakale. Pa m'gawo lake pali mabanja zingapo zimene anthu mahandiredi ochepa okha moyo lero.

theka la anthu

Amwenye ambiri kwambiri. Pakati pawo, Chinese kwambiri, Chibengali, Hindustanis ndi Japanese. Izi ndi pafupifupi biliyoni atatu - theka la anthu padziko lonse. Ndi kuthetsa poyamba, ndiyeno limati choyamba adanyamuka mabeseni kwa mtsinje Yellow, Tigirisi, mtsinje wa Firate, Indus. Yothiriridwa dziko, nyengo yabwino kwa moyo chinathandiza kuchuluka. anthu Asian anayamba kukhazikika, kuthetsa m'madera ena amene yabwino kwa moyo. Mu nthawi ya kusamuka lalikulu la anthu anayenda kumpoto, kumwera, kum'mawa, ndi kumadzulo - mu Europe. The ambiri ndi kukhalabe lero, South, East ndi West Asia.

malo zipembedzo

Pali zipembedzo zambiri mu dziko, koma kuti Asia - malo a dziko atatu wotchuka mu dziko. Izi Chibuda, Islam ndi Chikhristu. Mu South-West Asia choyamba Zakachikwi AD, Christianity anauka. Osauka, iwo unagawidwa mu madera angapo. The chopambana - ndi ziphunzitso, Chikatolika ndi Chiprotestanti. Muslims - ndi otsatira a Chisilamu, omwe anayambitsa ku Arabiya mu chiwiri m'ma AD, ndipo tsopano amphamvu kwambiri dziko Arab ndi cha kum'mwera kwa. zipembedzo zakalekale, Chibuda unachokera mu Asia South la chisanu ndi chimodzi m'ma BC, ndipo tsopano ofala anthu a East ndi Asia South-East. Mu Asia, pali zipembedzo umene umachitika yekha mayiko payekha anthu. Izi ndi Japanese Shinto, India ndi ku Bangladesh Hindu, Chinese Chikomfyushani.

zigawo Asia

Ambiri, mu Asia pali zisanu zigawo zikuluzikulu: North, South, Central, East ndi West. Dzina la magawo analandira maina awo ndi zambiri anthu a Asia. Pali awiri ofala fuko. Mongolian moyo kumpoto ndi kum'mawa Asia, ndi ku Central Asia - kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera. South-East ali makamaka anthu Malays ndi Dravidians. Izi mafuko waukulu kwambiri lachiwiri. Chiyankhulo mitundu Asian ankaimira Hyperboreans ndi vysokoaziatami. Hyperboreans - nzika ya Far North: Koryak, Chukchi, Chuvash, Yukaghir, okhala Kurils, Cotto ndi Ostiaks moyo pa Yenisei. Nthawi zambiri iwo ali akunja kapena kuvomereza Russian Orthodox.

Mongolian chinenero gulu

Vysokoaziatskaya gulu chinenero amakhala wogawanika, nayenso, mu boma magulu a zinenero polysyllabic ndi monosyllabic. Mu subgroup choyamba - ndi Urals ndi Altai. Altai - izo Mongolia, Turkey ndi Tungus. Asilikaliwa anawagawa ndi Buryat ndi Kalmyk mu dera la kumadzulo ndi Mongolia leni kummawa. Development wa chinenero, mabuku ndi chikhalidwe cha Mongolia ndi Kalmyks zinachitika mchikakamizo cha Chibuda ku India. Tungus komanso amphamvu kwambiri wakhala ndi kukhala ndi chikoka Chinese. Anthu a subgroups chinenero Turkic kugwa kwa wina anayi. The choyamba - ndi pakati mu mzinda Siberia wa Yakutsk, dzina lake - "Yakutia" - walandira dzina la mzinda.

Turkey East

The chachiwiri - ndi kum'mawa anthu Turkic a ku Central Asia, kulankhula zhdagatayskom wakale ndi zinenero yugurskom. Pa gawo la makono Central Asia moyo Chikigizi, Kazakhs, Chitekimeni, Tajiks ndi Uzbeks. Akatswiri ofufuza limasonyeza kuti pano, monga China, panali zikamera wa chitukuko dziko. Ndipo mu nkhani iyi zapitazo, anthu amenewa anakhala ndi moyo limati ang'onoang'ono-banjalo. Ndipo komabe pali amphamvu akale miyambo ndi kulemekeza akulu, anatseka mu magulu dziko lawo, Chenjerani alendo. Anasunga zovala chikhalidwe, pogona ndi njira yonse ya moyo. Ndipo nyengo yotentha ndi louma nyengo chinachititsa kuti anthu a m'mayiko amenewa, wamphamvu, kusinthasintha kwa umphawi wadzaoneni ndipo pa yomweyo choletsa mu mtima ndi malingaliro, yafupika ntchito ndale komanso. Anthu a ku Central Asia ndi amphamvu kwambiri mafuko ndi - zikulumikizana achipembedzo - makamaka. Mu ku Central Asia chitazika Islam. Linapangitsa kupitirizabe kuphweka chikhulupiriro ndi kuphweka miyambo yake. Ndi ndi lalikulu maganizo kufanana pakati pa anthu a ku Central Asia kwakukulukulu choyambirira. Choncho, Kazakhs ndi Chikigizi, Mongolia monga akale, chinkhoswe polera nkhosa ndi akavalo, ankakhala moyo wosamukasamuka, wautali anakhala kwa anthu. Choncho kudziletsa awo muchiyanjano ndi chikondi nyama. Anthu Chiuzibeki kuyambira kale kuchita malonda komanso ulimi. Choncho, sociable anthu akhama ndi ulemu malo ndi chuma chake.

Arab-Persian subgroup

Priuralsky Chitata, okhala Kazan ndi Astrakhan, ndi muno wawo Kumpoto Caucasus zimapanga subgroup lachitatu la Turkic ndi Turkey ndi Ottoman - wachinayi, kum'mwera kumadzulo nthambi ya fuko Turkic. Anthu a subgroup chachinayi cha chinenero anayamba mchikakamizo cha Arabic ndi Persian. Iwo Kangly ana, amene ankakhala kufupi ndi kugombe la Syr Darya Mtsinje ndi maziko a Seljuk Ufumu. Ufumu anakomoka pansi mavuto a ku Mongolia, ndipo anthu m'mudzimo kuti Armenia, ndiye mu Asia Minor, ndi pansi pa Ottoman anakhazikitsa Ottoman Turkey Ufumu. Popeza Turkey wakale anali kapena kwathunthu amangokhala kapena wosamukasamuka, koma tsopano ndi chisakanizo cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana mitundu amene apeza zimakhalira pachibale ndi anthu ena Turkic. Persian ndi Caucasus Turkey Seljuk chiyambi wosanganiza kwambiri T. Kwa. Chiwerengero chawo utachepa osaleka nkhondo, ndipo iwo anali kukakamizidwa wosanganiza ndi Asilavo, Agiriki, Aluya, Kurds, ndi Kusi. Ndi zosiyanasiyana mitundu yonse ya anthu a kum'mwera kumadzulo Turkic nthambi yophatikiza wamphamvu chipembedzo Muslim ndi chikhalidwe, amene anavutika ndi makhalidwe Byzantine ndi Arabic. Turkey ndi Ottoman - anthu olimba, aakulu, osati fussy, osati kulankhulalankhula, osati intrusive. M'mudzimo molimbika ndiponso Hardy, alendo. anthu Urban ngati idleness, akusangalala ndi moyo ndipo nthawi yomweyo, otentheka achipembedzo.

Monosyllabic chinenero gulu

The subgroup wachiwiri kukula wa chinenero gulu Mongolian - ambiri a China, Tibet, akale Himalaya mafuko, mafuko molapitsa la Burma, Siam, ndipo mpaka lero anthu akale a Asia South. Nawonso ndi chinenero monosyllabic gulu. Kukula kwa anthu a Tibet, Burma ndipo Siam zinachitika mchikakamizo cha wakale chikhalidwe Indian ndi Chibuda. Koma ndi mayiko ochepa a Asia East aona ndipo zinthu mphamvu ya China.

Anthu a Ufumu Middle

Chinese - anthu yakale kwambiri mu dziko. Ethnogenesis inatenga zaka zingapo. Mu chipembedzo pali ziphunzitso zitatu - Chikomfyushani, Chibuda ndipo daosisttsizm. Kufikira tsopano, anthu ambiri ali moyobe ndi kulambira makolo, ozama mu China zikhulupiriro zonse. Cholowa m'mudzimo - achang anthu amene kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mpunga, moyo mu Yunnan, Dzhingpo, Dachang. Hsiyskie malupanga achanskogo anthu chotchuka kwambiri mu China. Alimi Bahia mitundu moyo pa Yunnan-Guychzhoyskom yachonde. Anthu, fuko lino ali ndi mbiri olemera ndi chikhalidwe wakale. Pa magombe a mtsinje Huankhe kuchita ulimi ndi wawo amadalira kuweta anthu a mtundu waung'ono China Baoan. Bui anthu ali anthu oposa miliyoni dera, kumene kuli mathithi Hyuanguoshu. Tiyi ndi thonje kukula alimi bulanskoy dziko. Daur moyo pa maiko Nendzhang Mtsinje. Kwa zaka makumi awiri, munda nsungwi zigawo Yunnan Lingchang kukhala Dang. A dunov kuthetsa atazungulira nkhalango Oil Dzhenyuan zigawo Dzhinpin ndi Tianchzhun.

asilikaliwo

anthu Japanese ndi zochitika zake amaliona ndi maudindo atatu. The choyamba - Japanese racially tanthauzo monga Ethnogroup ndiponso dziko. Ndizovomereka kuti Japanese zamakono - ndi mbadwa za mtundu Mongoloid. makolo awo - anthu akale a kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Kuyambira zaka za zana lachitatu BC, chifukwa cha kuyanjana Mongoloids China, Korea ndi Manchuria adanyamuka mtundu mitundu maziko a Japanese yosiyanasiyana. Ndipo pansi akuti "Japanese ndale" m'zaka za chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ophatikizana magulu angapo mitundu ya zilumba Japanese. Ndipo monga fuko, Japanese anabwera ndi zikamera wa Japan monga fuko. Zithunzi dongosolo la Japanese kupanga Katakana ndi Hiragana ndi wina zikwi zinayi otchulidwa Chinese. Language ndi mbali ya gulu la Tungus-Altai ndi imatengedwa lakutali. Modern Japanese chikhalidwe - ndi opera Doe, kabuki ndi zidole bunkaru, ndakatulo Japanese ndi kupenta, origami ichi, ikebana, mwambo tiyi, zakudya Japanese, asilikaliwo, masewera a karati.