Ndiko kumayambitsa: icho chiri ndi mmene tiyenera kuchitira?

Ngati mudzapempha mwini aliyense wa dipuloma zachipatala: "ndiko kumayambitsa - ndichiyani," - iye kufotokoza kwa inu kuti mankhwala mawu amatanthauza ndi sipekitiramu wa matenda si yeniyeni ya m'mapapo. A mtima ndi matenda a dilated airspaces bronchioles m'mapapo mwanga ndi alveolar khoma adasandulika.

zingayambitse

Kuti wokonzeka, kudziwa chiyani ndiko kumayambitsa. Kodi izo, ife kale anapeza. Tsopano tiyeni tiwone chifukwa zikuoneka. Pakali pano, zimayambitsa zonse zimene zimachititsa kuti chitukuko cha ndiko kumayambitsa zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Woyamba tichipeza microcirculation pathological, mavuto zinthu zoipa mpweya, komanso kobadwa nako akusowa wa α-antitrypsin. Ogwirizana ndi chinthu chimodzi: mfundo zonsezi tikuyesera kuswa mphamvu ya m'mapapo ndi kuchepetsa elasticity awo. Izi zimathandiza chakuti munthu ali ndi chachikulu akakufunsani ndiko kumayambitsa. Ndi chiyani icho? Kupuma mosavuta anapambulwa kwathunthu restructured. kukana Bronchial ndipo, chotero, kuthamanga mu alveoli pa chilichonse mpweya. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti bronchial permeability Pankhaniyi akhale sanabadwe wosweka. Ngati si akuona kusintha yotupa, bronchi ndi bronchioles sali pansi kutsekeka. Ngati nkotheka chifukwa chachiwiri cha ndiko kumayambitsa madokotala kuitana aakulu obstructive matenda. matenda amalenga abwino kwa munthu apanga sekondale (Aka - alveolar) ndiko kumayambitsa.

mafotokozedwe

Pankhaniyi, odwala intrathoracic kuthamanga zikuchepa amachepetsa pa mpweya. Anatambasula wa lumen bronchial kumabweretsa Mpweya zimenezi zikuchitika. alveoli ndi anatambasula kwambiri chifukwa chakuti iwo anachedwa mpweya ouziridwa. Zonsezi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti mezhalveolnye makoma pang'onopang'ono anawonongedwa. Ngati wodwalayo walangizidwa ndi X-ray, ndiko kumayambitsa adzakhala kuonekera pa kutupa khalidwe la alveoli kupuma.

diagnostics

Pa maziko akhoza kudziwa ndiko kumayambitsa? Nawu mndandanda mwamsanga: ndi alveoli wodwalayo unakhuthala wakulitsidwa pakamwa pawo; hypertrophied yosalala minofu mitolo, ulusi zotanuka ali anaweramuka; mpanda wa bronchioles kupuma ndi n'kakang'ono kuposa akhale; chiwerengero cha capillaries ndi kwambiri m'munsimu yachibadwa.

symptomatology

Ndiko kumayambitsa limapezeka yowala kwambiri. odwala ambiri amadandaula kufupika kwambiri chifukwa cha mpweya - poyamba zidzachitika thupi, koma pang'onopang'ono ayamba pester munthu nthawi zonse, ngakhale pamene kuyenda. ndiko kumayambitsa Secondary amakhala ndi mpweya mkhutu magazi. Kunja, sukhala boma la thorax kuti: mawonekedwe izo akufanana mbiya, m'dera pamwamba pa phewa lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi zambiri.

kaonedwe

Kotero tsopano inu mukudziwa yankho ku funso lakuti: "? Ndiko kumayambitsa - ndichiyani" Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti n'zosatheka kuchiza matenda: mankhwala amakono sadziwa luso la kubwezeretsa alveoli anawonongedwa. Chithandizo kwenikweni chakuti, kuchotsa zizindikiro zosasangalatsa kukhalabe kambiri wa oxygenation. Kuti tichite zimenezi, bronchodilators amaikidwa ndi mankhwala zonse oxygen.