Ndizosowa kuluka: Needlework

Chimodzi mwa chibwana ankakonda anthu okalamba, makamaka akazi kumene, ndi kuluka. Ndipo moperewera mwamtheradi, kapena analuka. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi yabwino kokha kwa grandmothers. M'malo mwake, m'zaka zaposachedwapa ali kunadetsa anapeza wokongola atsikana amene ali odzipereka admirers ya zosiyanasiyana needlework. Chinachake n'zosadabwitsa zikuoneka kuti ambiri ndithu amuna wofunitsitsa kuphunzira ndizosowa zoluka.

Mbiri ya kuluka akulimba akutali zapitazi. Kutchula koyamba za chotero mawonekedwe a luso analembedwa pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX. Komabe, ena odziwika osokedwa nsalu anayamba kale kwambiri, koma, mwatsoka, kodi sapulumuka chitsanzo wosakwatiwa, natsimikiza kuluka chabe mbedza. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi ya maonekedwe a zoluka palokha ndi kusamvetsetsana mu sayansi. Chinthu chimodzi chili - woyamba lofalitsidwa Buku ndizosowa kuluka Irish zingwe linatuluka Mlle Riego zochitika Blanchard mu 1846. Mwa njira, dona uyu ankaona kholo la mtundu wa needlework. M'kupita kwa nthawi, dongosolo bwino ndi kukhala zosavuta, koma kuti sasiya pempho lake. Mu Russia, kuluka anayamba linakhalapo mu m'ma XIX, kutenga makamaka mtundu wa zingwe, dongosolo lomwe anachotsedwa amajambulapo maluwa okongola Folk wa nsalu ndi kuluka.

Irish zingwe, amatchedwanso guipure zingwe kapena Brussels, akuimira zinthu payekha amene ndiye anasonkhana mankhwala limodzi. Mukhozanso kulengedwa ntchito yosavuta chinthu lalifupi mbedza, mbedza yaitali (Tunisian kuluka) kapena ndi zina zapadera mbedza foloko. Mwa njira kuluka lagawidwa mitundu iwiri: athyathyathya ndipo zozungulira. Ndizosowa bwalo kuluka amafuna nyamuka zogwirizana mzera uliwonse, popanda amazipotokola iliyonse. umisiri akhoza poyerekeza ndi masitepe mwauzimu. Chifukwa cha njira imeneyi mankhwala aumbike chonse kapena mawonekedwe cylindrical. Mwachitsanzo, angakhale mitundu yonse ya nsalu, amate zozungulira kapena chowulungika kapu ndi malaya Choncho anachita. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira mosabisa, malangizo akhale patsogolo yekha, kutanthauza kusintha pakutha angapo zojambula pa mbali inayo pamene provyazyvaniya otchedwa kukweza zingwe zopota. matawulo Square, mabulangete, mipango ndi zinthu zina zambiri zikhoza ogwirizana mu njira imeneyi. Zamgululi cylindrical mawonekedwe mwina woterowo kasinthidwe, koma iwo, mosiyana ndi zozungulira kuluka ulusi kwenikweni kukhalapo.

Ndizosowa kuluka kudziwa posungira moyenera zingwe zopota za ntchito: chala chachikulu ndi mkombaphala cha dzanja lake lamanzere, anaika pa ngodya ya 90 madigiri. Mbedza, zambiri amasunga dzanja lake lamanja, komanso cholembera polemba, ndiko kuti, pakati pa chala chachikulu ndi mkombaphala, kujambula pa avareji. Ngakhale sikuti mukulakwitsa, ndi udindo wina, Mwachitsanzo: Gwirani chida ndi chala chomwecho, ndi kusiyana imene yokutidwa ndi dzanja. Mu udindo uwu mbedza kutha za chala chaching'ono. Kuweta kuluka njira ndi wokongola yosavuta angaphunzire lililonse. Iwo ayenera kuphunzira apangidwa cha zingwe zopota amene amapanga chitsanzo. Ngati alipo wabwino zongopeka dera kungakhale nokha, mukatero pali zambiri machenjerero okonzeka zopangidwa, onse yosavuta mwachilungamo zovuta, cholinga ambuye akatswiri. Koma mankhwala amenewa mumangire - ndi khama pang'ono ndi kusamalira kufulumizitsa ndondomekoyi.