Njerwa mu uvuni: mapangidwe, maonekedwe, makamaka zomangamanga ndi ndemanga

Ngati mukufuna kutenthetsa otsika-nyamuka zogona nyumba, zinthu mwamwambo osankhidwa ntchito makhazikitsidwe wapadera ng'anjo.

kufunika kokhala

njerwa Ceramic, makhalidwe amene sali oyenera yomanga ng'anjo si angathe kupirira kutentha. Nkhani yabwino kwambiri yomanga imeneyi ndi njerwa ng'anjo, amene ali mikhalidwe yapadera. Ena mwa iwo ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha. mankhwala ntchito kulenga zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuti wodzipatula lotseguka moto ndi kuteteza nyumba ku chiwonongeko.

Kaperekedwe mchenga-laimu njerwa ndi siyabwino. Kutentha zosagwira njerwa komanso ali ndi cholinga chapadera, kuti ntchito mwake kali mkati mwa zolinga ng'anjo mafakitale ndi zoweta. Nkhanizi nyumba ntchito kulenga nyumba amodzi mwa mtundu ndi kanyenya grills.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

Ngati muli ndi njerwa mu uvuni (makhalidwe onani. Mmunsimu) zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti zinthu zofunika kuzikwaniritsa. Ena mwa iwo ndi kutentha kukana madigiri 1,000 popanda imfa ya katundu. Low matenthedwe madutsidwe, amene amateteza zomangamanga, kumathandizanso. Sangathe kusiyanitsa katundu ndi kutentha kukana, chomwe chimathandiza njerwa kupirira ambiri Kutentha ndi kuzirala m'zinthu. The mankhwala anafotokoza ndi mphamvu migolo. Kulankhula mawu ena, njerwa ndi mofulumira woopsa ndipo amapereka kuchokera kutentha kwa malo akunja.

A ng'anjo njerwa, makhalidwe amene Adzaperekedwa ku nkhani imakhala ya dongo refractory, graphite, tuzigawo twa lalikulu khwatsi ufa ndi coke ufa. mankhwala ameneŵa amapangidwa ndi luso youma kukanikiza ikukhudza ntchito magawo angapo. Monga woyamba zopangira mutuluka lokonzekera, imene wosweka ndi n'kuukanda dongo. Pambuyo kumayambiriro osakaniza mlandu ndi kubweretsedwa ku boma homogeneous. Pa ndondomekoyi, zikuchokera anawonjezera pafupifupi 10% ya madzi kukwaniritsa kufunika mlingo chinyezi.

Njerwa, amene khalidwe kwambiri mu zamkati yomaliza aikidwa mu hopper, ndipo kumeneko amapita ku dispenser lapansi. Pambuyo njerwa ndi umapangidwa, ndi kudyetsedwa kwa nkhonya m'munsi mu atolankhani nkhungu. The kumtunda kwa iwowa ndi adatchithisira ndi umalimbikitsa mankhwala, amene adzakhala okwanira kuti asindikize. Pambuyo chipika ndondomeko akankhidwira ku nkhungu pa nsanja.

Chomaliza

imachepa ndondomeko akubwerezedwa kachiwiri, ndi mankhwala imatumizidwa mfuti zimene zikuchitika pa kutentha madigiri 1000.

Pamene ng'anjo amapangidwa njerwa, khalidwe la zimene ziyenera kudziwika kwa aliyense mbuye, chisanadze kuyanika likuchotsedwa ndipo yafupika kupanga nthawi. Njira imeneyi ndi mtengo poyerekeza akamaumba pulasitiki.

Makhalidwe corpulent ndi osalimba

njerwa Ceramic, amene specifications si abwino kwambiri kwa chilengedwe cha ng'anjo, yabwino anasiya ntchito zomanga nyumba. Thupi ndi mankhwala katundu wa mankhwala atsimikiziridwa mwa njira kupanga ndi zopangira zikuchokera. Yomanga ng'anjo ndi fireplaces zolinga mafakitale kapena zoweta njerwa ntchito. Koma osalimba, yaima monga mmodzi wa magawo zofunika kwambiri. Magwiridwe Data kutsimikiza imagwiridwa motsatira ndondomeko azichoka GOST 24468-80. Pa muyeso anatsimikiza okwana porosity ndi osalimba lililonse. Chiŵerengero mulingo woyenera pakati pa magawo awa chingapezeke mphamvu pazipita ndi kukana kuti zinthu chowawa.

mphamvu makhalidwe

A njerwa ng'anjo, khalidwe limene anatsimikiza zotsimikizira luso, wadwala kwambiri kutentha, ndipo ngakhale lawi lotseguka. Kwamakokedwe mphamvu katundu zimadalira pa chiphunzitso ndi luso mtundu. Fireclay njerwa ali apamwamba kwamakokedwe mphamvu, kalasi sturdiness - Shak, anati zili lofanana 23 N / mamilimita 2. mankhwala amenewa ankagwiritsa ntchito atagona luso ndi banja mauvuni, komanso fireplaces alipo anaika m'nyumba. Ngati mukufuna kugula njerwa mu uvuni, mphamvu khalidwe ayenera kukhala yovuta.

Ndemanga za malire kutentha

Malinga ndi akatswiri, ng'anjo ndi fireplaces banja ng'anjo contiguous ndi moto momasuka ndi mapaipi nkhani m'chumunicho ndi njira, iwo usavutike kutentha chidwi pamene anakumana ndi zinthu kuyaka. zipangizo zonse ntchito yomanga nyumba ayenera kukhala mkulu kutentha malire. njerwa ogula Kawirikawiri amasankhidwa, omwe pazipita kutentha kukana, malire awo kutentha ndi mu osiyanasiyana madigiri 1630 ndi 1730. Kuyala zigawo zina za fireplaces ndi masitovu ntchito chuma lomwe likukwaniritsa zofunikira zochepa kuyeza. stovemakers odziwa analangizidwa kuti ntchito flue chuma chimene chingathe likufa kutentha kwa madigiri 700.

Reviews a madutsidwe matenthedwe

njerwa ng'anjo, makhalidwe luso zimene zili m'nkhani ayenera kukhala enaake a madutsidwe matenthedwe. Ngati zili otsika ngati n'kotheka, n'zotheka kuteteza zomangamanga pafupi chifukwa cha kutentha. Ngati ndi fireclay njerwa, ndi chizindikiro anati anali zimasiyanasiyana mkati 1.8 - 1,9 W / (m * ° C). Magnesite njerwa akusonyeza ndi madutsidwe matenthedwe wa 2.6 kuti 2.8. Mu yogwira malire silika njerwa ndi 1,95.

mankhwala Hromomagnezitovye ndi apamwamba matenthedwe madutsidwe, amene zimasiyanasiyana 1,75 kuti 2,85 W / (m * ° C). Monga ananenera owerenga, ndi momwe kuti atsimikizire ziwerengero pamwamba, ndi fireclay njerwa ali m'munsi matenthedwe madutsidwe. Choncho anamvetsa ambiri yomanga. mankhwala amenewa amatha adzatsekeredwa kuteteza nyumba chifukwa cha kutentha.

Reviews kukaniza kuti zinthu chokhwima

Wokhathamira njerwa mu uvuni, amene makhalidwe ofunika kwa tione pamaso kugula mankhwala liyenera kukhala ndi kukana ena kuti media aukali. Dama mankhwala a kuyaka ndi moto. Alkalis ndi zidulo padziko ntchito njerwa kuti Choncho, malamulo a chizindikiro si kwa iwo. Popeza zikuchokera, ndi Dziwani kuti firebricks refractory sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mapangidwe kumene pamwamba Mwina mungakumane ndi sing'anga acidic. Malinga ndi ogula, izi zingachititse kulephera msanga dongosolo la.

Reviews wa mayamwidwe madzi

Moto njerwa kugonjetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito dongo, mu mfuti ndondomeko denga pores. Unkafuna amathandiza kuti mayamwidwe mkulu madzi madzi chilengedwe kapena kukhudzana ndi izo. Malinga zosiyanasiyana njerwa zingaunjikane 30% ya madzi ku ukulu. chizindikiro ichi angatchedwe m'malo chidwi kwa chuma nyumba. Ogula kutsindika kuti katundu uyu ayenera kuonedwa ngati pali kufunika kusunga kapena kusunga njerwa. Muyenera kuthetsa pamaso pa malonda m'madera lotseguka kwa nthawi yaitali, makamaka ngati zida zomangira zingakhudze matalala kapena mvula. Zikatero, njerwa mavuto kutaya mphamvu yake ndi makhalidwe ena.

kuika zipangizo

zomangamanga mphamvu kudzadalira khalidwe la njerwa monga anaikidwapo, ndi mmene njira kukonzekera bwino. Nkofunika kusunga luso, chimene chimafuna mankhwala wetting. Ngati mu njira ya ntchito akutembenukira zosiyanasiyana wamba mtundu monolith, mkhalidwe wa zomangamanga adzakhala osiyana kudalirika. M'pofunika kuthetsa mosalekeza seams ofukula, powapatsa bandeji, ndiye yekha mungatani kudalira mphamvu. Makoma a nyumba ayenera gasi zolimba, kotero utsi sindifika ku chipinda.

Inu muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira dongo, Pre-wothira aliyense mankhwala. Ikani zikuchokera anaperekedwa. Trowel ntchito zomangamanga makoma kunja. Njira akhoza decomposed padziko njerwa popanda mipata, kuwayika mankhwala mu malo. Block pambuyo unsembe n'kofunika kupita chitsogolo ndi m'mbuyo, zikuchokera ayenera kuchotsa owonjezera. Mfundo imeneyi ayenera kuchita pamene khazikitsa mankhwala amenewa. Pambuyo kuchotsa njerwa kutuluka m'madzi, ayenera kuvala njira pang'ono kutukula mbali kumbuyo. mankhwala si yomweyo anaikidwa horizontally. Izi adzalola oyimba nkhope ya njira binder ndi kulimbikitsa m'malo mwake.

Mokoma ntchito

Features nyumba njerwa kwenikweni amafuna akuwukha mankhwala. Unit akhoza rinsed, koma zowalamulira n'kofunika kuchita mofulumira. Zingapo ankawaviika njerwa adzakhala kuyamwa chinyontho mofulumira njira ndi dewatered ndi unakhuthala.

Ngati mulibe luso zokwanira, ndiye njira imeneyi mukhoza kupeza matabwa wandiweyani. Ndi bwino kuti atithandize wa munthu wachiwiri amene kufalitsa njira padziko njerwa lapansi.

Kukumana njerwa amene makhalidwe amasiyana ng'anjo, izo aikidwa pa njira yomweyo. Komabe, n'zotheka ntchito ochiritsira simenti slurry. M'madzi washcloth kapena mankhwala bwino nsalu poyera kuti chinyezi gawo limene bedi adzatenge chipika lotsatira. Mu njira binder ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito njerwa nkhope kapena trowel.

Ngati muli ndi ntchito ndi chuma ndi refractory, ndiye ayenera kukhala Muzitsuka pang'ono ndi madzi. Matabwa ungadzakhazikitsidwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati nditamaliza zowalamulira akuyenera kuphimba pulasitala, ndi matabwa ayenera kukhala vpustoshovku motero ali odzazidwa ndi njira yothetsera akuya millimeters 10. Pa kupaka pulasitala njira idzayenda mu seams ndi kutsatira bwino pamwamba.