Retardation Mental: zimayambitsa ndi makhalidwe aika

Panopa sayansi mawu akuti "retardation maganizo" ndithudi ngati tanthauzo gulu, kaphatikizidwe zosiyanasiyana kudwala cha ntchito zonse m'maganizo. Mu anachokera pathologies izi zikhoza zogwirizana ndi chibadwa ubongo, organic, kuledzera kapena ngozi zina. Kuonetsetsa mitundu ya retardation maganizo, sipangakhalenso chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana akuchita zikuwononga atavala khalidwe chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu psychogenic, pedagogical kunyalanyaza, maphunziro osauka, akumva ndi zilema masomphenya.

Ndi tsankho kapena okwana kuchedwa chitukuko cha chamoyo akhoza avulaze, umene kanthu pa nthawi ya kupanga kapena kukula thupi. A mokwanira amphamvu ndi yaitali zotsatira pathological pa ubongo kukhwima kungachititse kuti zolakwika zina zosiyanasiyana, ndipo potero chisokonezo mu psyche mwanayo.

retardation Mental, kapena m'malo mawonekedwe ake ndi kuwuma, ndi mwachindunji amadalira Kutalika kwa nthawi imene mchitidwewo uliwonse chowawa chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe zinthu. Mbali atongi wa retardation maganizo, ndithudi, ndi underdevelopment ambiri a mitundu zovuta kwambiri ntchito maganizo. chikhalidwe ichi pathological ikhoza kukhala kobadwa nako kapena kugula kwa zaka 3 zakubadwa. retardation Mental kumafuna utachepa nzeru, maganizo, kuzindikira, kukumbukira, chidwi, chinenero, ndi galimoto ndi maganizo ndi volitional.

Chifukwa cha retardation maganizo kungakhale malformation kwa ubongo kapena kugonjetsedwa kwake mu magawo oyambirira chitukuko. mtundu umenewu choipa ubongo zingachititse zosiyanasiyana ziti zimene zimakhudza mwana wosabadwayo mu utero, pobereka, kapena chitukuko postpartum. Ingakhalenso chifukwa cha retardation maganizo kuvulala zosiyanasiyana mwana pobereka, poyizoni ndi matenda a mayi ali woyembekezera.

retardation Mental amadziŵika kuya awo, zingakhale zovuta matenda. Makamaka mavuto matenda zingachitikire ana amene ali ofatsa retardation maganizo. Zochita n'zovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa choona retardation maganizo ndi osakhalitsa maganizo retardation chifukwa cha zinthu chowawa chikhalidwe.

Mental retardation ana kumaonekera wamng'ono wa ntchito maganizo ndipo zosiyanasiyana somatic, zizindikiro ubongo, ndi chifukwa chake m'pamene osati underdevelopment ubongo, komanso lonse chamoyo. Makamaka, malo amenewo adzalamulira pa nkhani ya kuwonongeka lofuna Ndisanaumbidwe lapansi.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala kuoneka kwa khamu la otherness wake ndi maonekedwe: kayendedwe insufficiently mgwirizano, okhota, womangika, miyendo yaifupi, pakamwa pake theka lotseguka, chigaza kapena kwambiri kuchuluka kapena kuchepa wonse chithunzi akanagwiritsa. Nthawi zambiri pali zopindika wa kulankhula, masomphenya, kumva, pali anomalies mu chitukuko cha ziwalo mkati.

Pakuti retardation maganizo amakhala ndi underdevelopment wa kulankhula. Ambiri a ana awa mawu awo oyamba patapita zaka 4. Nthawi zina retardation mu chitukuko cha kulankhula chifukwa luso underdeveloped galimoto ndi kulephera kuti adziwe kayendedwe. Komabe nthawi zambiri kupanda mawu amagwirizana ndi zilema ntchito apamwamba maganizo. Mu kulankhula kupepera anati paucity ya mawu, komanso mtundu wa childishness kumanga ziganizo. Nthawi zambiri anati nthenda chiŵerengero pakati pa mbali ya chiweruzo, chilango dongosolo agrammaticheskoe, alibe declension ndi conjugation mawu. Tingachite yothandizana katchulidwe cholakwika mawu payekha, intonation umphawi, mavuto a kusinthika kuchokera syllable wina kufika wotsatira. Anthu ena kulankhula akhoza mokwanira anayamba, koma mu nkhani iyi adzavutika luso kuwerenga ndi kulemba.

Ana maganizo kupepera anatinso kulephera kuganiza, chiweruzo ufulu umboni ndi choyambirira maganizo, generalization, kaphatikizidwe ndi kusanthula. Chifukwa osakwanira maso akulephera kuzindikira zina zidindo kunja, ngakhale ndi bwino anasunga kumva ndi ana zrenii.Takie ndi nkhawa iliyonse maganizo otopa kwambiri.

Mungaone kuti chidwi kupatuka kukumbukira, kuukira zoona nkhawa, amavutika maganizo maganizo. Chonde kudziwa kuti vutoli alipo aluntha akusowa mungathe vuto lililonse psychotraumatic.