Sarcophagus pa Chernobyl: yomanga

Technogenic tsokalo pa Chernobyl zinachititsa kuti yaikulu amasulidwe zinthu nyukiliya. Kuopseza anauka kwa anthu. sarcophagus pa Chernobyl, kuphimba unit wachinayi - kuti adziteteze ku mphamvu ya mpweya kutsogolozo yochepa (miyezi isanu ndi umodzi), dongosolo yaikulu inamangidwa.

Pakali pano, zaka 30 kuchokera amasulidwe cheza pa Chernobyl. mbali wotetezera pa sarcophagus akale zatha. Anayambika ndi mosadumphadumpha akuchita ntchito yomanga sarcophagus watsopano pa Chernobyl. Kodi kumanga pogona akale, kodi tsogolo la riyakitala anawonongedwa ndi kuti kulankhula za anthu ndi udindo wa Ukraine, kuti ndi dongosolo zoteteza - mutu wa nkhaniyi.

A sarcophagus yaikulu - zomangidwazo "Mthunzi"

Pa ntchito yomanga maofesi amenewa, amene angamuteteze dziko ndi ngoziyo cheza anawononga 4 riyakitala zinachitikadi mu nthawi umboni kwa nthawi - miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (kukhala enieni, ndiye 206 masiku).

Ofunda kukhazikitsidwa kwa pomanga, anadzatchedwa "sarcophagus", bungwe State anapatsidwa November 30, 1986. The chinthu zopelekedwa Machitidwe m'gulu "Mthunzi".

Kufupi 4. mphamvu wagawo lakonzedwa zaka 25 ntchito. Pakali pano, chiyambi cha 2015, iye anali kale zaka 28 ndi miyezi sikisi, ndi pang'ono yaitali kuposa Ikani. Nthawi yomanga Anagonjera kanthu mu February 2013 mbale pamwamba pa chipinda injini anakomoka. mabowo Square mu zoteteza "chipolopolo" wa mazana angapo mamita lalikulu. Pomanga pogona latsopano limene chidzawavindikira ndi riyakitala ndi sarcophagus akale pa Chernobyl pamodzi - ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri.

Kodi sarcophagus inamangidwa mu 1986?

The cheza maziko pa panachitika ngozi pa Chernobyl anali ndi kukhala kwambiri mkulu. Kuti zithetsedwe kufala zina cheza ankafunika kapangidwe wamphamvu ndi zipangizo.

ziyeneretso za zogwirizana ndi kumanga, inakonzedwa ku nyumba zitsulo ndi midadada konkire. 400,000 kiyubiki mamita konkire ndi matani 7,000 nyumba zitsulo: Pomanga ake kwakukulu kuchuluka kwa chuma ankagwiritsa ntchito. Izi sakhala ndi zipangizo zina.

N'zochititsa chidwi ndikudabwa chimene chimaoneka ngati sarcophagus pa Chernobyl lero. maukonde mungapeze kwambiri zithunzi. Pa iwo tikuona dongosolo la mawonekedwe kalekale, geometrically kupsa m'malo mwa rectangle a. Makoma amapangidwa ndi zigawo zambiri za nyumba analimbitsa simenti.

Zomangamanga pa mtengo wa moyo ndi thanzi la nzika

Pambuyo pa ngozi pa Chernobyl cheza mlingo wokwera kwambiri ngakhale kuti ntchito yomanga Makina. Mwachidule sizinagwire ntchito. Kotero ife tinali kuchita pafupifupi ntchito zonse za manja a anthu. Mu Unit mamita 4 ndi kuzungulira kuchotsa pa maziko poizoniyu.

Ochokera m'mayiko onse a USSR 90 000 liquidators anali nawo. Decontamination gulu lotsogoleredwa ndi Valery Mikhailovich Starodumov.

Buku zachitika ntchito yaikulu zovuta popanda maziko poizoniyu. M'malo makina kusuntha zipangizo kumanga ntchito spades ndi stretchers. Yoyeretsa ya zinyalala wa riyakitala anawononga komanso pamanja ayesedwa. Liquidators anali pangozi ndi asilikali sadakhala wopanda pake; November 30 chaka chomwecho chimene ngoziyi inkachitika, ntchito inatha. Chinthu chidwi anali sarcophagus pa Chernobyl. Photo mkati ndi kunja anapanga mbiri nthawi, ndipo ngakhale tsopano, mu nthawi ya popularization m'dera chowasiyanitsa ku luso zopeka mabuku.

Zotsatira za zomangamanga 1986

Mopupuluma anamanga zomangamanga, m'pomveka kuganiza akhoza kukhala wosatha kapena cholimba. Monga ife kale, ntchito ya pogona wa riyakitala 4 inaŵerengeredwa zaka 25. Valery Starodumov anapereka boma ntchito lipoti, amene kudabvumbulutsidwa, mwa zolakwa zina sarcophagus lapansi. Iwo onse anali mu ntchito ya pogona ntchito zawo, komanso kumanga.

Starodumova mapeto chomaliza chinali nyumba yomangidwa akhoza kumwedwa ngati nthawi zonse. Patapita nthawi, izo zidzayenera kukhala watsopano, mokwanira osati kukhwimitsa zinthu mopupuluma.

Vuto ndi kukonza sarcophagus

Nthawi zimatengera zovuta zake, ndi sarcophagus pa Chernobyl ndi amenable kutsogoleredwa nawo. Choncho, ndi 2008 anafunika kukonza zimene zaperekedwa bwinobwino. Komanso, nthawi ikuthandizira nyumba.

Komabe, akatswiri amanena, posapita nthawi zakale kugwa pogona, kukwera mu matani mpweya wa fumbi nyukiliya. Pofuna kupewa izi ndi ku sarcophagus watsopano pa Chernobyl. yomanga ake ali kale pansi pa njira, ndi zopereka kwambiri kwa izo. Pa Kumangidwa kwa latsopano, chitetezo bwino Tikambirana zina.

Kutanthauza sarcophagus latsopano

Tili lingaliro kuti "Mthunzi-2" - kufunika, kwa inu simungathe kudzikana. Mwachindunji pa tanthauzo la sarcophagus latsopano anati Valeriy Kuhar, mkulu wa Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry ndi Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences.

Kotero, iye anati atamufunsa, chinthu choyamba chimene likhale malo ogona atsopano - ndi kuthetsa mitambo fumbi zakhudzana ndi zinyalala mkati. Apo ayi, mpweya apeza nkhonya china champhamvu, kukhala zinthu poipa kwambiri.

A sarcophagus latsopano Chernobyl, zomangidwazo "Mthunzi-2", kuteteza anawononga mphamvu wagawo m'madzi. Malinga ndi iye, vutoli - imodzi yofunika kwambiri. Madzi monga mphamvu zowononga amachita pafupifupi onse zipangizo. Ndipo ichi ndi madzulo a mapangidwe fumbi latsopano ndi zinyalala ang'ono, ndi mpweya wa poizoni. Pa nthawi, vuto madzi anathana ndi chabe ikukoka kuchokera mwa iye mu nyumba yoyandikana ndi kusonkhanitsa mu akasinja yosungirako. Koma kuti zimenezi posachedwapa wotopa. Madzi kulowa chipika 4, ureniamu kachilombo, cesium, strontium ndi zinthu zina zoipa chilengedwe. Odalirika sarcophagus Zinkafunikiradi kuti asiye mapangidwe madzi oipa.

Species ovutitsa chikumbumtima

kupatulana zone kuzungulira Chernobyl nyukiliya magetsi amakopeka okonda zinsinsi. Ndipo ndi chibadwa: kulikonse kumene inu simungakhoze kukhala wamba wamba, ayenera kukhala chinthu chachinsinsi. chidwi chapadera ndi sarcophagus pa Chernobyl. Photos anatengedwa mkati ndi kunja zone alendo ndi kuikidwa pa maukonde kwa onse chidwi akhoza kuona chidutswa cha zinsinsi zobisika sarcophagus.

Preemptive chiwerengero cha zithunzi ankalamulira - chithunzi kuchokera mbali, anapanga ndi alendo m'deralo. Amene amajambula zithunzi pansi sarcophagus wa - tikhoza ndikulingalira. Lero malo ichi ngozi maziko poizoni kuti alendo ndi chodziwikiratu kugwa pansi sarcophagus lapansi.

Ponena za mkhalidwe sarcophagus ndi chitetezo woyamba, n'lalikulu. M'chaka cha 2015 izo zakonzedwa amakankhira dongosolo latsopano zitsulo mu riyakitala ndi sarcophagus akale. "Mthunzi-2" amaoneka ngati Chipilala chachikulu. Ndi kuchita masamu kuti adzatumikira kukapempha kutetezeredwa zaka 100 kufala cheza.

anapezazo

vuto la poizoni njira ina anakhudza onse a anthu amakono. Europe Chernobyl - chikumbutso kuti n'zosatheka zinthu zonse. The 1986 ngozi pa Chernobyl, vuto mu Soviet Union anaganiza zopanga pogona pa mwa riyakitala chakumene.

M'nkhani tinali chidwi chithunzi cha sarcophagus pa Chernobyl, mkati ndi kunja, omwe akhala zokhudza mbiri ya ntchito yomanga nyumba imeneyi, chiyembekezo anagwirizana ndi dongosolo zoteteza pa unit mphamvu. Tinasangalala kwambiri anthu padziko lonse akukumbukira za mavuto alipo, ndi lero lichitidwa mwachangu kumanga sarcophagus pa Chernobyl, kuti adzatsekeredwa amabisa cholinga cha ngozi ndi cheza pa Chernobyl NPP.

Wosaoneka mdani, limene kwa zaka zambiri mu miyoyo ya Chernobyl kupatulana zone, akadali zoopsa. Choncho, tikufuna inu kuti kuyenda zochitika ndi nthawi kudziwa za chilengedwe kwambiri. Tikukhulupirira Nkhani athu akhala chidwi ndi nthawi yanu bwino ntchito pa ulendo mu mbiri.