Tiyeni tiyankhule za zoyenera ndi zofooka za ZMZ 402

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka 50 ku USSR panali injini ya GAZ-21 ya sedes, yomwe imatchedwa 24D. Anali ndi maola 2.5 ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito AI-76. Kuchuluka kwa chiwerengerocho kunali 7.2. Pasanapite nthawi, nyengoyi idakalipo, kenako kuwala kunawonekera ZMZ 21 ndi ZMZ 24. Zochita zawo zinali zowonjezereka, koma njira zowonetsera zimakhala zofanana. Chabwino, zamoyo zinafika ku ZMZ 402. Zinawoneka m'dziko la injini za gasi m'ma 1980. Kenaka anatchula kuti adachotsedwa ku ntchito, adali mu 2007, pamene adasankhidwa ndi ZMZ 406 ndi 405.

Injiniyi inakhala yodalirika komanso yodzichepetsa, kuphatikizapo, zothandiza zake, poyerekeza ndi oyambirira ake, zinali zowonjezeka kwambiri. Tsopano, kwenikweni, khalidwe losasinthika, chifukwa malo otsika a camshaft akhala akudziwika kuti ndi nthawi yopanda ntchito. Koma tisaiwale kuti magalimoto ena ku US adagwiritsabe ntchito injini zotere pamagalimoto awo atsopano.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti ichi ndi chophweka kwambiri, chomwe chimakupatsani inu kuti musapewe unyolo kapena belt drive camshaft. Inde, zimachepetsa phokoso la ntchitoyo, koma limaperekedwa mokwanira ndi ma barbells ndi pistons-pushers. Choncho, kuti muyendetse valavu imodzi, magulu anayi amagwiritsidwa ntchito: camshaft, pushrod, ndodo ndi rocker. Ndiyenera kunena, zonsezi zimapanga phokoso lochepa kuposa unyolo. Koma tisaiwale za mbali inayo: kuphweka uku ndikuyenera kutchuka kwa ZMZ 402 pakati pa eni ake.

Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwewa amateteza kusagonjetsedwa, chifukwa nthawi yotereyi ndizovuta kuti tisawonongeke katatu pamwamba pa 3000 chifukwa cha zigawo zambirimbiri. Ngakhale kuti pushers ndi ndodo zopangidwa ndi aluminium sangathe kupulumutsa vutoli. Ndipo nchiyani chomwe chiri choyipitsa chochuluka chofulumira?

Chotsekera kumbuyo chamtundu chotchedwa ZMZ 402 sichimasintha mu bokosi losakaniza, koma poyika, zomwe zimaphatikizapo ndi graphite. Ndi ntchito yoyendetsa bwino, imagwira ntchito yabwino, koma pamene chigawochi chapitirira, mafuta amayamba kuthamangitsidwa modabwitsa.

Mwachiwonekere, zonsezi ndi zolephera. Koma ndi bwino kukumbukira za tekisi yomwe inapita ku mizinda yosiyanasiyana. Woyendetsa galimoto aliyense anali wokondwa ngati galimoto yake yapamwamba inali GAZ 24, chifukwa nthawi ina anali ndi zifukwa zotere zomwe mpikisano zikanakhoza kuchitira nsanje.

Ponena za GAZel, tikhoza kunena zotsatirazi: inali injini ya ZMZ 402 yomwe inawabweretsera kutchuka kotero, komwe anali nako mpaka lero, chifukwa injini 402 ndi 406 zimatengedwa ngati maziko a injini 402 . Ambiri amangoona zolakwika ndi zovuta zokhazokha, koma ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kumayambiriro kwa zaka 90, njinga yamoto inali yabwino kwambiri. Kuphatikizidwa ndi bokosi la asanu-speed, ndi kukonzanso kochepa kwa mlatho ndi cholemera cholemera makilogalamu awiri kumathandiza kutsegula mphamvu zonse za ZMZ 402. Zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi magalimoto 15-inchi pamagalimoto a Volga, zomwe zimapereka mpweya wotsika kwambiri.

Pomalizira, tikhoza kunena kuti eni ake akhala akugwira ntchito yopititsa patsogolo zaka 402, pali zotsatizana za jekeseni, zomwe ndizo mtengo kwambiri. Ndipo zotsatira zake sizothandiza. Komatu sizimayimitsa akatswiri, koma zimangowonjezera chidwi chawo.