Njira yogwirizanitsa: tiyeni tizimvetse

Injini yamakono ili ndi machitidwe ambiri, pakati pawo pali njira yowonjezera mafuta, mafuta ndi magetsi. Zonsezi zimasintha ndi nthawi, kusintha, kukhala angwiro kwambiri. Koma palinso zina zomwe zasintha nthawi yonse ya kukhalapo kwake. Mwachitsanzo, makina osokoneza. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuchokera muzinthu zenizeni iye anakhalabe mu mawonekedwe ake apachiyambi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuli kovuta kwambiri ndipo sikumangokhala ku magetsi oyaka mkati. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito muyuniyiti yomwe amayendetsa patsogolo, chifukwa amatha kupereka nthawi yofanana yokha, komanso kupwetekedwa kosalekeza, komwe kumakhala kochepa ndi mawondo a bondo.

Njira yokhala ndi ndodo inagwiritsidwa ntchito yoyamba kumangidwe kwa steam, pambuyo pake, itatha kuyambitsidwa kwa injini yoyaka moto, iyo inasamutsidwa kupita kwatsopano. Pali mitundu iwiri ya makonzedwe oterowo: amodzi amachotsa mphamvu kuchoka pamphepete mwachitsulo kupita ku gawo lomwe limapanga kayendetsedwe ka kumasulira, yachiwiri imalandira mphamvuyi kuchokera ku pistoni yomwe ili kumapeto ena a ndodo yolumikizira.

Ganizirani cholinga cha gawo lirilonse. Gawo lalikulu ndilozala. Ikhoza kutumiza mphamvu ku ndodo yolumikizira kapena, mosiyana, yilandile. Zimapangidwa ndi zida zapamwamba, nthawi zambiri, zachitsulo choponyedwa. Komanso imakhala ndi ndege yothamanga, yomwe imathandiza kupulumutsa mphamvu zomwe zimalandira. Anthu ambiri okwera magalimoto amayendetsa galimoto yowonongeka kwambiri , yomwe imapangitsa kuti magetsi aziyenda movutikira kwambiri. Zimangokula mofulumira.

Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za ndodo yolumikizira. Amapangidwanso ndi mzere wolimba wazitsulo, chifukwa kuponderezedwa kwake kungakhale kwakukulu. Kuwonjezera apo, ndodo yake ili ndi mawonekedwe a I-beam channel, popeza kusintha kwake kukudzaza ndi zotsatira zoopsa, zomwe zingawononge silinda.

Njira yopangidwira imakhala ndi mphamvu yaikulu kuposa injini zowonongeka, popeza imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya lever, yomwe ndi mphamvu yake yofanana ndi kutalika kwa bondo. Choncho chomaliza: chachikulu pa bondo, ndipamwamba mkali. Tsatanetsatane wotsatira ndi pistoni. Pistoni ikhoza kuyendetsa chombocho, monga injini yoyaka moto, kapena kutenga mphamvu kuchokera mmenemo, monga mu compressors. Kaŵirikaŵiri amapangidwa ndi aluminium, chifukwa amafuna zitsulo zofewa, kuti asamawononge makoma a silinda ngati akukhudza. Pa mzere wa circumference pamenepo pali pulasitiki yomwe mphete za pistoni zimalowetsedwamo, zimakhala zowonjezereka ndikuwonjezereka. Pankhaniyi, mpweya ukuchita ntchito yabwino.

Njira yokhala ndi injini ya injiniyo imawerengedwa kuti ipeze nthawi yoyendetsa komanso yothamanga, chifukwa kusintha kwa chizindikiro chimodzi kumapangitsa kuti wina atayaye. Njira yowonjezera yoyamba ikufotokozedwa pamwambapa, koma pakadali pano pistoni iyenera kuyenda patali, zomwe zimakhudza "denga" la zotsutsana.

Kusonkhanitsa injini ya VAZ sikusiyana ndi izi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunduwu ziyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala, pamene zimayenda mofulumira kwambiri. Kuchokera pachiyambi cha kupanga pakati pa ziwalo zobwezeretsa pansi pa zovuta, filimu ya mafuta imalengedwa, yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri kuvala.