Ukwati zithunzi kapena mbiri ya ukwati Photography

Mbiri ya ukwati kujambula ali khumi oposa ali chiyambi chake kuyambira pamene chithunzi anabadwa, ngati zoona. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Izi zikutanthauza kuti chitukuko cha ukwati kujambula anayamba imodzi ndi kujambula ambiri.

Koma pamene panali nthawiyi zodabwitsa za chiyambi cha ukwati kujambula? Izo zinachitika pafupifupi pakati pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi kwa nthawi yaitali kale. Aliyense (kapena, mwina, pafupifupi) m'nthawi banjali m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, Ndinkafuna kuchoka mwambo chithunzi ndi katswiri ukwati wojambula zithunzi makedzana m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, chida makoma a situdiyo chipinda, anali wotchuka kwambiri.

Oona ayenera kuti m'masiku amenewo kusankha ukwati wojambula zithunzi kunja situdiyo, monga khalidwe la njira Zithunzi sanali wangwiro. Komanso, ukwati wojambula zithunzi za makumi anai ndi kawirikawiri anafunsa angolowa kumene m'banja awajambule kamera kwa nthawi yaitali. Ichi chinali chifukwa yemweyo ungwiro luso onse kamera pa nthawi.

Mawu akuti "chithunzithunzi" kulibe pa nthawi. Ukwati wojambula zithunzi zimafalitsa mafano makasitomala awo pa mbale anapanga malata, mkuwa kapena galasi.

Izi yojambula zamakono makampani kutenga zithunzi chinachitika pa chiyambi cha zaka mazana makumi awiri, pamene anali anatulukira mtundu kujambula. Zodabwitsa komanso zamatsenga Kutulukira, amatchedwa "mtundu fano" n'zozizwitsa sayansi ndi chozizwitsa asawadziwe monga chozizwitsa. Komabe, katswiri ukwati wojambula zithunzi za zoyambirira za mazana makumi awiri anali pachangu palibe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zamatsenga patsogolo sayansi. Izi mfundo zopanda alibe umboni akufunira ndi ndiwofatsa kutsatira miyambo yakale: zithunzi wachikuda amwedwa pa nthawi, mwamsanga chinazilala, iwo anataya utoto, inasanduka pun pa mtundu pepala zithunzi. Ndipo ngakhale zodabwitsa zonse mozizwitsa patsogolo luso, ukwati wojambula zithunzi ntchito nthawi yaitali kokwanira zinthu zozizwitsa utoto zithunzi, amene ..silinaona aliyense wa zovuta pamwambapa, anali ndi mfundo yamphamvu kwambiri.

M'tsogolo, patsogolo njira Zithunzi anayamba apeze kwambiri patsogolo zokwanira. Ife anayamba kuoneka mitundu yatsopano ya film, ndi pamodzi, ndiwo lililonse ndi njira yatsopano mankhwala awo. Koma modziwika, ukwati wojambula zithunzi oyambirira ndi m'ma makumi awiri anali wamkulu conservatism zokwanira, zomwe zinasungidwa mu malingaliro awo mpaka mapeto a Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

Pamene nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itatha, anthu anayamba pang'onopang'ono kubwerera ku kuli mtendere. Anthu anayamba mwachangu kukwatiwa ndi kuyamba banja ndi ukwati wojambula zithunzi ali options zokwanira mchitidwe ntchito. Ukwati wojambula zithunzi mu nthawi nkhondoyo, anatola kunyamula kungomanga kamera, kung'anima ndi wodzigudubuza wamng'ono Zithunzi filimu ndi masitepe wolimba asamukira kumene ukwati titchuke m'chiyembekezo moona mtima kugulitsa banja ntchito ya manja ake.

choonadi kuti ukwati wojambula zithunzi za nthawi unawonongedwa ndi zida kunyamula Zithunzi zambiri si kwenikweni akatswiri m'munda wa kujambula, komanso pamaso ananyamula kamera - analibe zinthu zambiri komanso zinachitikira. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi munthu ndi kamera ali nzeru ndi chizolowezi chabe pa mlingo ankachita masewera. Kwenikweni luso lalikulu kujambula anapatsidwa anthu okhawo amene panthawi ya nkhondo ndi mwayi wotumikira monga photojournalist asilikali.

Koma panali ndithu chidwi chododometsa: ngakhale ndi kachitidwe kuti ukwati wojambula zithunzi si mlingo zofufuzafufuza analandira pasadakhale kapena luso kapena mipata ina iliyonse kuchotsa ukwati kwenikweni high quality, ntchito yake Zithunzi anali wopenga akumufuna. Ndipotu, munthu sadziwa, chidziwitso ndi makhalidwe akhoza kupeza bwino. Zimenezi kwachititsa kwambiri ndithu nkhawa ndiponso kukhumudwa ukwati ojambula, amene anali ndi mwayi atavala sonorous, wonyada ndi yofunika kwambiri udindo: "katswiri wojambula zithunzi". Kumvera malamulo nthawi ndi zinthu zonse, iwo anali anthu amakakamizidwa kuti ndizicheza naye, ngakhale ndi mkulu quality, koma zida wolemera kwambiri kupitirira malo yopapatiza makoma situdiyo, kuti kuteteza malo awo pansi pano ndi mu kagawo kakang'ono zithunzi.

Komabe, choonadi cha tisaiwale kuti ngakhale kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa luso ndi zinachitikira ,, ukwati wojambula zithunzi akhoza kutenga zithunzi za lonse madyerero a ukwati ku chiyambi mpaka ku mapeto. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa filimu ndi chimango processing kwambiri. Ndipo chotero, katswiri m'ma wojambula zithunzi m'ma makumi awiri anakhala wina kuchuluka kwa kuika zinyalala.

Kenako, ndi kukula njira Zithunzi, ndi mtundu wanyimbo latsopano anabadwa mu zithunzi maukwati - reportage kujambula. Ukwati wojambula zithunzi ali nawo manja awo pa mpata wabwino kuganizira mphukira TV ukwati reportage chithunzi ndipo anayamba kuoneka ojambula akatswiri mu mtundu wanyimbo wa zopelekedwa kujambula.

Komabe, kumayambiriro chithunzi zaka za kachiwiri ndinkaona mavuto aakulu: panali makamera yadigito. Anayambanso ojambula msika ankachita masewera onyamula makamera angakwanitse kwambiri. Ndipo cha m'ma XX, panopa katswiri wojambula zithunzi kachiwiri amakakamizidwa kuteteza dzina lake.

Zikomo chifukwa tcheru chanu. Modzipereka, ukwati wojambula zithunzi Leonid Starikov.