Wokayenda pamwezi ntchito: malongosoledwe ana, zokhudza wokayenda pamwezi ntchito. Kodi zikhulupiriro kugwirizana ndi wokayenda pamwezi ntchito?

Mu dziko lathu pali zambiri za kudzinenera osiyana. Ena a iwo ndi zosangalatsa, ena - zovuta, ndiponso pali chikondi. Aliyense wa iwo mu njira yake ndi zothandiza ndi zofunikira kwa anthu.

Koma pali ntchito limodzi kuti Chili zonsezi pamwambapa. Ndi chidwi ndi chikondi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo zovuta. ntchito imeneyi - wokayenda pamwezi. Iwo amagwirizana ndi kuopsa kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo ndi wokongola kwambiri ndiponso zosangalatsa. Pofuna kudziwa molondola kapena ayi mukhoza kukhala wokayenda pamwezi weniweni, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri za ntchito imeneyi amunamuna.

Ntchito wokayenda pamwezi - loto la mwana aliyense

N'zovuta kupeza wamkulu kuti mwana wakhala si ndinalota kukaona malo. Panapita zaka Komabe, tsopano mwana aliyense ano kamodzi pa moyo wanu ndikuganiza za wokayenda pamwezi ntchito. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kupeza essays sukulu pa mutu wakuti "ntchito wanga m'tsogolo -. wokayenda pamwezi" Ana awa kufotokoza maloto awo pambuyo sekondale. Komabe, ngakhale kutchuka otero pakati pa achinyamata, ntchito imeneyi ndi pakati pa rarest mu dziko chifukwa amafuna apamwamba aliyense wopikisana. N'chifukwa chake, ngati mwaganiza kusankha zapaderazi ichi, iwe uyenera kuyamba kupezana wokayenda pamwezi ntchito ndi kuti tipeze chimene kumafunikanso. Muyeneranso kudziwa zimene zili zofunika kwa woyendetsa tsogolo danga, chifukwa ntchito okha ayenera kuyamba mwamsanga sekondale.

Mbiri ya ntchito

ntchito imeneyi wokongola wamng'ono. Only m'zaka chatha, anthu sankakhoza ngakhale ndimalota za, kuyandikira nyenyezi, ndipo tsopano vuto ili bwinobwino anathana ndi akatswiri woona.

Yuriem Gagarinym - April 12, 1961 woyamba danga ndege ya cosmonaut woyamba pa bolodi wachitika. Sitima amatchedwa "East" unayambitsidwa ku Baikonur, ndipo kwa mphindi anabadwa ntchito amunamuna - wokayenda pamwezi maloto pafupifupi onse ana. Dzinali mwalamulo zosungikira zapaderazi izi mu dziko, ndi kokha mu United States ntchito amatchedwa chombo.

The ndege yoyamba anayenera kusankha ntchito imodzi yokha - kupanga ndege. Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, kachitidwe bwino malo ofotokoza ntchito wakhala cosmonaut zikutanthauza yaitali kwambiri. Kuwonjezeka ndipo, chotero, pa bolodi danga m'chombo ali zosiyanasiyana akatswiri: akatswiri, ofufuza madokotala ndi anthu ena ambiri amene kugawana cholinga wamba - kuti adziwe dziko latsopano.

wokayenda pamwezi ntchito. Kumasulira kwa ana

Cosmonaut - munthu amene ali kuthetsa mavuto ambiri pa chombo. udindo wake monga kasamalidwe kachitidwe adakwera, komanso zida kafukufuku. Komanso ayenera kuwerenga umboni wa zida zonse pa bolodi ndi kulamulira ntchito zida zonse ndi galimoto chotengera.

Yambiri zikusonyeza ntchito "wokayenda pamwezi". Kumasulira kwa ana pazikhalanso zofunikira kwa oyendetsa m'tsogolo. Pakati pawo, chinthu chachikulu - athe kusankha zinthu zosayembekezereka. Pamene ngalawayo akuyandama danga, mwina onse.

Mwachitsanzo, sangaone zida, amene amayamba mfundo yolakwika. Si nthawi zonse vuto zingathe kuthetsedwa ndi thandizo la Dziko. The wokayenda pamwezi ayenera kukhala mutu ozizira nthawi iliyonse msanga ndiponso kusankha kuti athetse vuto lililonse. N'chifukwa chake mantha mongers musati kuika sitima danga.

The zapaderazi waukulu chombo

Pakali pano, pamene munthu tiziwakonda pa zokambiranazi wake wa chilengedwe chonse, za wokayenda pamwezi ntchito Kuyenera kwambiri. Silinalinso likukamba chabe ndi luso kulamulira danga chombo wanu. Ngati pa siteji koyamba kwa chombo kukhala akatswiri ndege, ndi panopa ntchito imeneyi kale zikuphatikizapo Mbiri zina zambiri. Tsopano pali atatu zapaderazi chombo chachikulu.

• Mayeso Cosmonaut, ndilo woyendetsa chombo. udindo wake monga piloting danga chombo kuvula ndi ndegeyo. Ziyeneranso oyang'anira ntchito iliyonse dongosolo ndi kuchita chilichonse cha anthu ogwira ntchito. Cosmonaut Tester, amakonda kukhala oyendetsa asilikali.

• Cosmonaut injiniya. Ichi ndi munthu amene ali ndi udindo kugwira bwino ntchito dongosolo lonse ndege luso, amayang'anira ntchito yokonza zonse pamaso ndege ndi pambuyo, komanso mtsikanayu chitukuko ndi chiyesedwe cha kachitidwe patsogolo luso. Information za wokayenda pamwezi ntchito chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutchula kwa injiniya, chifukwa ali ndi udindo kukwaniritsa ntchito iliyonse kukonza pa maulendo danga.

• Cosmonaut kafukufuku, amene ayenera digiri zachipatala. Ndiyenso amabweretsa ukupeza aliyense wa anthu ogwira ntchito. Komanso aika zosiyanasiyana zatsopano ndipo akuchititsa maphunziro a khalidwe la zamoyo pansi zinthu weightlessness. Yaitali danga Maulendo sizingachitike popanda nawo ofufuza.

Motero, luso la woyendetsa kumabweretsa ntchito imeneyi. The wokayenda pamwezi ayenera kudziwa ndi zambiri. mafotokozedwe ntchito Pamafunikanso ambiri ukatswiri kwambiri osiyana, omwe amachita ntchito yofunika pa ntchito kuyenda danga.

ndi zofunika kwa wokayenda pamwezi tsogolo Kodi

Ngati inu kuti akaweruka kusukulu kukhala wokayenda pamwezi, muyenera kudziwa kuti ntchito imeneyi zofunika apamwamba. N'chifukwa chake chosowa kwambiri mu dziko.

Choncho, ngati ntchito wokayenda pamwezi - izi ndi kusankha olimba, muyenera choyamba mosamala kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wawo thupi. Amphamvu, pafupifupi thanzi langwiro - lamulo lalikulu ofuna m'tsogolo. Musagwiritse ndi matenda aliwonse aakulu ndi makhalidwe oipa. Komanso, muyenera kukhala maso ake ali bwinobwino. wokayenda pamwezi thanzi ayenera kukhala kwambiri komanso chifukwa kuti malo sadzapeza chipatala. N'chifukwa chake oyendetsa tsogolo ayenera kudziwa ndizosowa zaumoyo mu zosiyanasiyana.

Komanso thanzi, zofuna mkulu ndi maganizo. Tsogolo wokayenda pamwezi ayenera kukhala mutu ozizira ndipo musati mantha nthawi iliyonse. Komanso sitiyenera kukhala pansi maganizo osiyanasiyana ndi chifundo cha wozingwa. Ndipotu, kukhala choncho kutali ndi kwawo kalekale si aliyense angathere.

Kupatula pa thanzi lawo lathupi ndi maganizo, chofunikira china chofunika chombo tsogolo - kudodoma mu Chingerezi. Kuti muzilumikizana ndi la International Space Station, amene analengedwa ndi khama la mayiko ambiri. Iye nthawi zonse chombo padziko lonse, nthawi kuchotsa mzake.

Komanso, muyenera kukhala ndi digiri mu luso zachipatala kapena asilikali zapaderazi zimene inu mukumvetsa kuposa wina aliyense. Ndipotu malo m'pofunika kuchita zingapo zatsopano sayansi palibe oimba, aluso ndi nthumwi za kudzinenera zina kulenga.

Kodi kukhala wokayenda pamwezi

Mu dela la mzinda inali ku Star City, kumene wapadera pakati cosmonaut maphunziro. Ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino, ntchito yapamwamba ndi maphunziro chofunika mbiri, mungagwiritse ntchito pano ngakhale mu nthawi ya kafukufuku pa yunivesite.

Gawo loyamba la kusankha amaperekedwa pa mafunso, chimene 350 amasankhidwa. Iwo kukhala mayesero mu nkhani monga sayansi, masamu ndi Chirasha. Ndiye angayembekezere ntchito okhwima zachipatala. Pambuyo gawo ili chiwerengero cha ofuna yafupika 50. Kusankha zaposachedwapa wakhala unachitikira Cosmonaut Training Centre, kumene kufufuzidwa ngati munthu adzatha kulimbana ndi mayesero osiyanasiyana zovuta.

Mwachitsanzo, wakonzekera kuti chombo akhoza logwirana mu danga akachita kwathunthu kumene chete wathunthu, ndipo palibe wina koma Iye yekha. Mawu a m'ndende amenewa ndi masiku 5, imene nzika za kusunga, poona kusintha pang'ono m'makhalidwe ake. Pambuyo pa mayeso ovuta ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zokha mwayi anthu amene analembedwa detachment la chombo m'tsogolo. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti posachedwapa adzakhala zouluka m'mlengalenga. Kawirikawiri okonzeka chochitika ngati zaka 5-10, imene nthawi zonse kuphunzira pochitika zosiyanasiyana mayesero.

Pa kudzachitika-kuchokerako spacecraft pamoyo ndi zimamuchulukira cholimba ndipo danga mu mkhalidwe weightlessness. Pofuna kukhala wokonzekera zonse mayesero amenewa, opita tsogolo kuphunzira zaka zambiri tisanasankhe ndege chake choyamba. makalasi awo ikuchitikira m'makalasi wapadera ndi gyms. Iwo kudumpha parachuti ndi kuthera nthawi yambiri kuphunzira kuwuluka ndi kusunga kutentha kulikonse ndi ozizira, kuti ndinazolowera zikhalidwe za zimamuchulukira ndi weightlessness. Choncho, anthu amene adaganiza kuti asankhe okha ntchito zozizwitsa, muyenera kukhala wokonzeka kuthana kwambiri mavuto ntchitoyo.

zikhulupiriro opita

Ngakhale kuti pulogalamu danga - kudera lomwe ndi lolondola ulamuliro wa sayansi ndi umisiri atsopano akhudzana ndi zambiri zikhulupiriro zosiyana ndi miyambo. Ngati mukupita kusankha ntchito iyi, inu amafuna kudziwa zimene zikhulupiriro kugwirizana ndi wokayenda pamwezi ntchito.

Ena anachokera kuyambira masiku a kubadwa kwa ntchito imeneyi. Mwachitsanzo, Sergei Korolev, Chief Wopanga woyamba, ankaona Lolemba tsiku zoipa kuyamba. Mwambo kunyamula kunyamuka tsiku anabwera kwa nthawi yathu. Komanso kukulozani chombo konse kugwiritsa ntchito October 24 - tsiku, amene amagwirizana ndi mavuto awiri. Mu 1960, lero ali chakumene roketi experimental amene anabweretsa akuvutika ambiri, ndipo patatha zaka zitatu ndi moto unabuka wina migodi ku roketi zigawenga. Pambuyo kuti tsiku anakhala taboo mu malo pulogalamu Russian.

Zikhulupiriro zokhudza ntchito wokayenda pamwezi, mwamphamvu kugwirizana ndi dzina Yuriya Gagarina - ndi cosmonaut yoyamba padziko lonse. Pamaso pa ndege adalira ndi kuvomerezedwa maulendo udindo wake, limene lili mawonekedwe womwewo umene anachoka woyendetsa lodziwika bwino, ndi kulowa mawu m'buku la alendo. A ulendo ayenera imatengedwa Gagarin chikumbutso kukumbukira ndi zina chombo woyamba yemwe anamwalira mu mzere wa ntchito ndipo atagona maluwa - carnations wofiira.

Kufika pa Baikonur, oyendetsa lotsatira akukhala mu hotelo "Cosmonaut" imene ili ngati chizindikiro cha ntchito. Kutsogolo kwa hotelo pali mlatho, mitengo amene anabzala achikondi manja a chombo pochokera Maulendo bwino. oyendetsa tsogolo kuchita pa kuyenda kwake, mwakachetechete kupempha thandizo kwa anzawo okalamba.

Hotelo atsimikiza gawo filimu "White Sun wa M'chipululu" imene ili kuyang'ana pa aliyense wa anthu ogwira ntchito.

Komanso pa miyambo lamulo monga chakuti chombo onse kutenga tsitsi pa tsiku la ndege.

Pa chakudya zofunika iwo kuchita pa khosi la shampeni ndi kusiya anasaina awo pa zitseko za zipinda imene Iwo amakhala. Khalani basi, chokongoletsedwa ndi horseshoes, nyimbo "Udzu pafupi ndi nyumba." Atafika pa helipad ndi membala aliyense adalira pobwereza zomwe Iye anachita zimenezi kamodzi Gagarin - irrigates lamanja kumbuyo gudumu la basi. Kukwera m'ngalawa, oyendetsa akukupiza anamfedwa, koma kubwerera kunena tiwonana ndi koletsedwa - ndi zoipa.

Palinso miyambo ya kumeneko, choncho - kusonyeza pa Launch galimoto za kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawu "Tanya." Akukhulupirira kuti ndi nthawi yoyamba dzina la msilikali analemba chikondi. Malinga ndi mphekesera, pamene anaiwala kulemba mawu matsenga - ndi roketi chakumene.

mamembala onse oyendetsa ndi timu mascot, amene amasankha mkulu danga sitimayo. Kawirikawiri ndi chidole laling'ono, limene ndi dzina wamba Boris. Iwo Ufumuyo choncho mungathe kuwona makamera, ndipo ntchito nthaka ndi za chidole chithunzi, m'chombomo ndi kutalika komwe kulibe chikoka yokoka.

Pa danga siteshoni chombo ali moni ndi mkate ndi mchere.

Nditabwerera ku Earth timu kachiwiri amachita mndandanda wa miyambo, kuphatikizapo kudzacheza kwa chikumbukiro ndi chodzala mtengo wawo.

Chotero angapo zamatsenga - yankho lina kwa kufunsa zomwe ndi chidwi ntchito wokayenda pamwezi.

ubwino ntchito

Pamene inu kusankha za ntchito yawo m'tsogolo, n'kofunika bwinobwino onse ubwino wake ndi kuipa. Ponena za ntchito ya wokayenda pamwezi ndi, ndithudi, iye ali zambiri ubwino:

• mudzaona zimene anaona ochepa kwambiri mu dziko;
• Inu adzathandiza umboni, ndipo mukhoza kupeza zinthu zatsopano amene angathandize kutukula anthu onse;
• danga kukhudza tsogolo;
• Iwe ngati wopambana mu maso a abale ndi abwenzi anu;
• ndi maso awo kuona nyenyezizo.

Zonsezi Zimatheka akatswiri, palibe ntchito ina salola kuona ndi kuphunzira. Koma musaiwale kuti ndi chibwenzi ntchito iyi amagwirizana ndi mavuto ambiri ndi mavuto.

kuipa ntchito

Inde, ntchito ya wokayenda pamwezi ana - mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri ndi zochititsa chidwi. Komabe, muyenera kumvetsa zimene kuipa umabweretsa pamodzi nazo, kukonzekera iwo. Ali:

• ndi mwakhama ntchito pamaso pa ndege yoyamba;
• ambiri ngozi pa maulendo danga;
• kulekana yaitali banja ndi abwenzi anu;
• zowonongeka thanzi la munthu kukhala yaitali weightlessness.

Komanso muyenera kudziwa kuti, ngakhale mlingo wa patsogolo zamakono mu dziko Sangathe kulenga zinthu zimene akubwereza danga. Ngakhale angapo workouts, wasayansi ya zakuthambo, kamodzi mu kanjira, kukhala okonzeka mavuto onse amene angakhalepo.

pomaliza

Kamodzi mwaphunzira tsatanetsatane wa wokayenda pamwezi ntchito, amafuna kuti ntchito ku ntchito, mikhalidwe imene ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito, kusankha kwanu kukhala moyenera. Mungathe kulemba nkhani wekha kudziwa mmene bwinobwino mavuto a ntchito, "Kulengezedwa - cosmonaut" amene akufotokoza onse ubwino wake ndi kuipa. Zimenezi zingakuthandizeni kuona kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi zoyenera.

Komabe, ngati inu kusankha kuti mukufuna yolumikizana tsogolo lawo ndi danga, yambani lero kuchitapo kanthu loto lake. Umayamba kuchita mbali pa masewera, kuphunzira English ndi sayansi. Werengani mabuku pa phunziro, ndipo tsiku lililonse zinthu zatsopano. Mwinamwake inu anapanga anapeza zofunika kuti adzabweretsa anthu kufufuza mapulaneti watsopano ndi kukhala katswiri, dzina kwambiri kugwirizana ntchito wokayenda pamwezi. Zonse mu manja anu, ndipo zimatengera yekha pa inu, mtundu wa m'tsogolo mudzakhala!