Wotuluka kuwombola okhonda a mabanki: zoyimira ndi makhalidwe

kuwombola okhonda wotuluka - ndi ndikupeleka kuti inathetsedwa ndi mapangano mayiko kapena malamulo kuti ntchito mfundo ndalama.

Mitundu ya wotuluka ndalama

1. kuwombola okhonda patsogolo wotuluka (zam'tsogolo, patsogolo) - ndi nkhani, imene zipani kugwirizana pa yobereka wina kuchuluka kwa ndalama kudzera nthawi anavomera pambuyo akamaliza ndikupeleka ndi mlingo kuwombola, omwe chili pa nthawi ya mapeto. Mu ndalama zam'tsogolo wotuluka, pali zinthu ziwiri.

kusinthitsa ndalama chili mu ndikupeleka Ngakhale kuti anachita patapita nthawi zina za nthawi.

Pakati pa mapeto ndi kuchita wotuluka pali nthawi imeneyi. Tsiku lomalizira, mwachitsanzo yobereka ndalama, amatanthauziridwa kuti mapeto kuchokera tsiku la ndikupeleka kapena nyengo zina mwa mawu.

Pa kuwombola yachilendo patsogolo Mapangano zimagwiridwa:

- kupeza chifukwa kuwombola lachilendo atapeza phindu zongopeka;

- inshuwalansi kunja ndalama mwachindunji kapena mbiri ndi zomvetsa zotheka chifukwa depreciation wa ndalama zimene iwo akuyendera;

- kuwombola (kutembenuka) zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndiko kuti, kugulitsa pasadakhale kuwombola yachilendo kapena kugula ndalama zakunja kwa malipiro m'tsogolo.

Ntchito kuphimba kuwombola yachilendo chiopsezo cha wotuluka patsogolo pa nthawi ya ntchito malonda wakhala ambiri mu 70s pa kusintha kuti azisinthanitsa mitengo akuyandama.

2. wotuluka kuwombola okhonda a mabanki "banga" ambiri. Iwo amapanga 90% buku okwana wotuluka kuwombola yachilendo. Kwenikweni awo ali mu kugula ndi kugulitsa ndalama mu chikhalidwe cha okwanira ndi mabanki tsiku malonda wachiwiri kwa deti la ndikupeleka pa mlingo wakhala kuliika pa mapeto ake. Pankhaniyi, masiku ntchito amaonedwa kuti aliyense wa ndalama zimene zikufunika kuti iwowo. Ndiko kuti, ngati tsiku lotsatira tsiku la ndikupeleka kwa si ntchito limodzi la ndalama, ndi nthawi yobereka ndalama ndi tsiku kuposa wina, ndipo ngati ndalama wina si tsiku malonda, yobereka amadziwikanso chinawonjezeka ndi tsiku lina.

Mu wotuluka ngati yobweretsa ndalama wapangidwa ndi zimenezi, zimene zinatchulidwa phindu mabanki. Ndalama Kutembenuka mu masiku awiri kale malinga ndi cholinga mavuto ake kukhazikitsa mu nthawi yaifupi nthawi, kunatanthauzanso Khadili ntchito kuwombola yachilendo ya banki malonda.

Amafotokozera mafoni ambiri mu malo kuwombola zakunja ndi ntchito ya Bank ku msika kuwombola zakunja yobereka yachangu, koma iwo ali yoopsa. Mothandizidwa ndi "kanthu" wotuluka operekedwa ndi mabanki zofuna 'makasitomala mu ndalama zakunja, ikuchitika zongopeka ndiponso arbitrage, otaya likulu kwa ndalama wina ndi mzake.

3. Kupeleka "kusinthanitsa" ndi mtundu wa tagwirizana kuti Chili ndalama posinthana yachilendo wotuluka a mabanki. Yodziwika monga kanthu banki kuyambira nthawi zakale pamene osunga ndalama Italy imachitika ntchito ndi ngongole. Kenako anayamba kukhala mu mawonekedwe a deportnyh ndi reportnyh ntchito. Backwardation - osakaniza wotuluka yapakati-zokhudzana mu lipoti n'zosiyana kuti, yomwe inkanyamula ndalama kugulitsa ndalama zakunja ndi kugula pa nthawi.

Kenako, kuwombola yachilendo wotuluka a mabanki 'sinthanani' madipoziti anapeza mawonekedwe chosinthana ndi ofanana kuchuluka mu ndalama zosiyanasiyana. The sangathe ntchito imeneyi anali kuonjezera banki a muyezo pepala, motero kulenga ngozi zina ndi zinthu anakula. ntchito kuwombola okhonda a mabanki, "kusinthanitsa" kuthetsa mavuto amenewa, kuganizira wapangidwa kumbali-bwino pepala, kutanthauza kuti kuwombola ndalama ikuchitika kugula mawonekedwe.

"Kusinthanitsa" Chili kugula ndi kugulitsa ndalama ndi yobereka yomweyo kuchokera kontrsdelkoy ndalama yomweyo kwa nthawi zina. Kubweza kauntala negotiated ndi zibwenzi ziwiri (mabungwe, mabanki, ndi ena).