Zida kuona kukhuthala madzimadzi. rotational viscometer

The kukhuthala zakumwa zosiyanasiyana chimaonekera ndi zipangizo wapadera - viscometers. Malinga ndi makhalidwe komanso kamangidwe muli mitundu yambiri ya zipangizo deta. Limodzi ndi makina viscometer amatha kuonanso bwino permeability a sing'anga.

zosiyanasiyana zoimbira

zipangizo ntchito kuyeza kukhuthala madzi, zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu aakulu:

• Capillary viscometer.

• Mawotchi viscometer.

• Rotational viscometer.

Uliwonse mtundu wa mwatsatanetsatane.

zipangizo mawotchi

Category makina viscometers nambala zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, mfundo zomwe zachokera katundu makina zakumwa. Zimakhala meters kumveka, kuwira, mitundu mpira. Ngati mitundu iwiri yoyamba zambiri ntchito zasayansi, iwowa zimapezeka kunyumba. mfundo zake ntchito zachokera anapeza Galileo a.

Mkati chipangizo pali "nduna", pomwe mpirawo uli. Mutayankha chipangizo ndi madzi, ndi kukhuthala ndi kuyesetsa, mpira ukugwa. Iwo amaona kuti nthawi yeniyeni wofunikila mpira kugwa kwa PAD kukhudzana. Wachibale kukhuthala anatsimikiza mogwirizana ndi imeneyi nthawi.

Zipangizo monga capillary

Capillary viscometer mapulani ake ndi chubu woonda ndi awiri odziwika. Mayeso madzi umayenda mwa chubu izi. The madzi omwewo analola mwa chubu komanso ndi awiri akuluakulu, mkati zolengedwa zotsatira capillary. Nthawi zambiri, ndi utuluke madzi ndi yokoka (ie pamwamba pansi). Koma kuthamanga yokumba analengedwa mu ena zida. Womwewo nthawi imene madzi ali otayika machubu onse. Komanso, kusiyana awo kuchita masamu. Mtengo kukhuthala ndi njila kufunika kusiyana kumeneku.

mtundu wa zamakono zili yosavuta, koma ndi chachikulu. Wina drawback ake ndi kuti chiŵerengero cha kukhuthala mpandawo wa madzimadzi sayenera upambana 12 kPa · m. Khalidwe limeneli limagwirizana ndi zakumwa kuti ikuyenda bwino. More wandiweyani madzimadzi, kapena apezeka, mu nkhani iyi, sakhoza anayeza.

Rotational viscometer: opareshoni

Kapangidwe gauges wa mtundu uwu ndi yamphamvu amene aikidwa mkati dera la. Dera mkati kusunthira pa mathamangidwe ena chifukwa actuator zikugwirizana.

Pakati pa yamphamvu ndi dera ndi danga wodzala ndi chiyeso madzi. Pankhaniyi kukana kuti zoyenda dera zimasiyanasiyana. Mu zipangizozi izo chimaonekera kukana madzimadzi ndi kudalira mwa liwiro rotational. magawo awa atathana chifukwa cha mayeso.

Mkati yamphamvu si nthawi zonse dera. Iwo akhoza m'malo ndi chimbale phirilo mbale kapena yamphamvu wina. Mtunda pakati pa thupi akunja mkati ndi millimeters ochepa, polenga mphamvu kukhululukirana. Mtengo kukana anatsimikiza ndi masensa. The zambiri anapeza bwino kufunika. Motero, mtengo wagawo kwambiri.

Makina viscometer zakumwa kukhuthala amene ranges ku zikwi ambiri Pa * m. mlingo mkati mwa kasinthasintha ndi zofunika. Zingamvekere molondola kayesedwe. M'munsi liwiro, molondola kuposa muyeso. Zipangizo ndi liwiro osachepera kasinthasintha okhota ndi zolondola kwambiri, koma ndi okwera mtengo.

Mitundu ya viscometers makina

Pamwambapa anafotokoza opaleshoni mfundo chipangizo amakhala ndi Brookfield viscometer. Izi ndi chipangizo zophweka kwambiri izi mita mtundu. Koma si nthawi zonse ukusunthira mkati thupi. Mu zina, yamphamvu akunja ndi zimayenda. N'chifukwa chake makina viscometer angakhale mitundu iwiri: ndi yamphamvu amodzi ndi mamita torsion.

Mumtima viscometers thupi torsion lili pakati pa chingwe zotanuka. Pamene onsewo ndi yamphamvu akunja zimayamba kusuntha ndi madzimadzi mpandawo. Pamene zimayenda ndi yamphamvu zopotoka. Mbali ya kupindika a yamphamvu mkati counterbalanced ndi makokedwe a onsewo mikangano madzimadzi.

zolakwa muyeso kumachitika chifukwa pansi pa yamphamvu lamkati. Akatswiri ambiri ayesetsa kuthetsa vutoli yake. Nthawi zambiri, pansi anapanga concave. Pamene kudzaza madzi mu concavity mpweya akhala. Choncho, mikangano ya pansi amachepetsa. Asayansi Berthold Hatschek, Couette mkati yamphamvu anaika alonda mphete. Izi amachepetsa kugwedezekagwedezeka wa malekezero ake. Volorovich ntchito yamphamvu mkulu koma yopapatiza. Kulakwa chifukwa pansi anakhala negligible. asayansi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito imene mtunda pakati zonenepa anali ochepa. Pansi pa chipangizo si wodzazidwa ndi madzi.

Makina viscometer mapulani ake ali zambiri mitundu. Koma iye nthawi zonse ubwino monga kusinthasintha, kukula yaing'ono, otsika molondola ndi mtengo wotsika. Chifukwa makhalidwe amenewa chida cha ndipo wakhala wotchuka.