Zil 137: zofunika

Mu 1970 pa maziko chinkhoswe mu wamakono wa sitima. Ndipo si kwapafupi, ndi makhalidwe abwino apamwamba permeability. Thalakitala ndi ngolo ndi wapadera gudumu chilinganizo - 10x10. Iwo linanena inkakhala ZIL 137 thalakitala (chithunzi inu mukhoza kuwona nkhani), komanso chapadera theka-ngolo kwa izo. Mapulani anayamba kupanga ndi akatswiri a kamangidwe amasinthira Bzalani Likhachev. Maziko atagona thalakitala Zil 137. Tiyeni tione mbali ndi specifications a galimoto imeneyi.

chitukuko zapamwamba

ngolo Izi udaikidwa ntchito zachitetezo wa USSR. Pa nthawiyo zotsogola chitukuko cha makampani zoweta galimoto ya zaka. Thalakitala ndi ngolo anali chifukwa cha kupitiriza zatsopano, amene anapezerapo mu 1960 ndi galimoto thalakitala ZIL-157B. Pambuyo angapo zosintha ndi kukweza ZIL 137 pogwirizanitsa ndi chitsanzo 131-TH. The thalakitala ali 2E131 index. galimoto akhoza okonzeka ndi imodzi mwa nyumba ziwiri. Iwo anali zolozera awo:

• 3E131.
• 4E131.

Ndiye mbala muli 137 index. The zinachitika woyamba inamangidwa Moscow mu chaka 63-TH. Kenako mndandanda wa mayesero - galimoto mobwerezabwereza anayesedwa ndi kuyengedwa mpaka '64. Mu chaka chomwecho, galimoto bwino pa nkhani mayesero pa mlingo boma.

Mtunda panthawiyo anali 18,000 Km. makina wakhala analimbikitsa yopanga ndi ntchito asilikali. Timachita mu utumiki galimoto mu '66, ndiyeno TH 70 pamodzi ndi ZIL, bazi akatswiri nawo ndondomeko msonkhano. Mathirakitala ZIL 137 anadza kwa mbewu mu Moscow. Ndipo pa fakitale Bryansk amasonkhanitsa nyumba.

Pofika m'ma 70s zomera anafika buku mayunitsi 30 pamwezi. Izi mathirakitala kwa nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri ya Soviet Union ngwokhoza kuukitsa chikhalidwe cha kuŵeta kachitidwe mwachilungamo komanso zipangizo zambiri zamakono hayidiroliki.

umisiri watsopano

Mu ndondomeko kulenga lorry pamaziko a mbewu akatswiri ZIL 137 mowirikiza anatulukira ndipo anali luso lamakono kupanga. Mwachitsanzo, choyamba ntchito otchedwa "kuwala gawo" - mabokosi vavu choyamba cha ulamuliro wa actuators hayidiroliki anali chabe soldering ntchito ndi solder siliva. Komanso tidali "yowala annealing" - ankaperekerako kukonza dongosolo hayidiroliki ku madipoziti zoipa Mankhwala oipitsa. Mu zida za sitima ntchito mayunitsi ambiri hayidiroliki. Popanga ndi msonkhano wa chiyero pafupifupi anatanthauza zachipatala. Izi zimatheka mwa machitidwe a zigawo zikuluzikulu hayidiroliki msonkhano ikuluikulu ya malo otetezedwa ku fumbi. Galimoto analoledwa adzauka yekha mu nsapato zapadera.

Maulosi a dongosolo hayidiroliki lolamulidwa ndi wapadera - kutsimikizira kuyesedwa ntchito nthandala wapadera. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito ankatenthetsa dongosolo hayidiroliki.

Kuti athe kulamulira mtendere wa ndimeyi njira zamakono pa chomera amayesedwa zonse. Small Volume yopanga magalimoto yogwira ZIL-137-137B angafotokoze umisiri zovuta.

kapangidwe

Thalakitala Zil 137, mosiyana zitsanzo yopanga okonzeka ndi awiri chimbale zowalamulira, ndi mpope hayidiroliki. Mu anatumikira monga galimoto chifukwa hayidiroliki mphamvu kudzachitika kwambiri.

Pump paipi madzimadzi hayidiroliki ndi poyendetsedwa ndi payipi wapadera kwa galimoto hayidiroliki. Last kwaiye makokedwe, limene anadutsa zida kuchepetsa ndi mikondo angapo pagalimoto. Makokedwe panayikidwa kwa axles galimoto ya ngolo.

The madzi anakhala imatsogoleredwa mmbuyo kupyola mu ngalande chachiwiri. Ndi dongosolo electropneumatic pagalimoto izo zimayendera basi pa mathamangitsidwe ndi pamene galimoto pa mtunda akhakula. Izi zinali zogwirizana ndi ntchito pa m'munsi magiya ndi downshifts PPC mndandanda zinachitikira kutengerapo. Sam ngolo okonzeka ndi masika kuyimitsidwa ndi ng'oma mabuleki. inawo mokwanira ogwirizana ndi mabuleki thalakitala.

Kulemera, kukula

Thalakitala pasipoti ali zithetsedwe kulemera kwa makilogalamu 7000. semitrailer galimotoyo kulemedwa makilogalamu 3800. Kulemera kwa sitima zonse popanda katundu anali matani 10,8. Pamene khazikitsa zida misa wapadera akafuna matani 19,5. Short ngolo kutalika anafika 14 080 mm. Kutembenuza utali wozungulira - 10,2 m.

makhalidwe liwiro

The ngolo kanthu anatha kupangitsa pa khwalala popanda galimoto olumikizidwa kwa ngolo ndi liwiro pazipita 80 km / h. Ngati ngolo ndi dawunilodi kwathunthu, ndiye liwiro pazipita akutsikira 60 km / h.

Pamene kulumikiza pagalimoto hayidiroliki ndi kuchuluka 70 km / h. Kodi anali ZIL 137 mafuta? Thalakitala ankadya malita 52 pa makilomita 100. akasinja mafuta ndi buku chokwanila kugonjetsa 730 Km.

injini

Ngati inu muyang'ane mu ntchito buku la ZIL 137, mungapeze mfundo za mayunitsi mphamvu, omwe kwathunthu yogwirizana ndi galimoto thalakitala ZIL-131 V. yomalizayi, nayenso, zinali zochokera 131-TH chitsanzo. Onse a magalimoto awa mu '60s zida ndi zinayi sitiroko petulo carbureted V8 - ZIL-5081. buku lake linali 6 malita. mphamvu mwadzina, anapatsidwa zofooka za kusintha dongosolo anafika malita 150. a. The injini - ndi pamwamba, zida ndi dongosolo madzi kuzirala.

injini psinjika chiŵerengero anali 6.5. Makokedwe - 410 NM. mafuta ndi wagawo izi unit thalakitala - ndithu. Zilakolako kupatsidwa akasinja awiri mafuta 170 L lililonse.

HIV

Galimoto okonzeka ndi makina 5-liwiro gearbox. Panali awiri inertial synchronizer, uyenera kuthandiza ndondomeko kusuntha kwa wachiwiri kwa wachitatu ndi wachinayi kuchokera zida wachisanu.

Kugawira bokosi - makina, awiri gawo. NKHANI wapawiri waukulu zida. chipangizo ali awiri razdatki bevel ndi cylindrical magiya. Driveline - lotseguka.

ntchito ya usilikali

Kuteteza Utumiki wa USSR pamaso chiyembekezo chitukuko anayamikira thalakitala ZIL 137. Luso makhalidwe a zanyengo anali pa mlingo wapamwamba. Ntchito yaikulu ya makina - ntchito zoyendera chifukwa yosungirako ndi yobereka ndi udindo lankhondo la mivi Sam 2Q11.

makina wachita bwino mayeso mu '63. magalimoto Kenako zoyendera miyala "kyubu" zinalengedwa pa fakitale zochokera thalakitala ndi ngolo, ndi "mfundo." Komanso thalakitala akubera pamodzi ndi kuphika wagawo AHB-2,5. Sitima msewu pamaziko a galimoto ndi mbali kunyamulidwa ndi mfundo za milatho pontoon, sweepers wanga. Iwo kumaphatikizapo unsembe wa modernized paki pontoon. Koma lingaliro anakhalabe zosachitika.

Zolemba malire chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chitsanzo ndi nyumba yaitali - index awo 137b. Iwo akhala ntchito zida yaitali ndi mivi. Komanso pa nyumba zambiri Akhazikitsa Vans zosiyanasiyana otakasuka ndi zida za nkhondo.

malfunctions

Kenako, monga machitidwe a galimoto, zitsulo provyalyatsya kuipa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, vuto kumachititsanso ndi kapangidwe mwachilungamo zovuta ndi whimsical mafuta khalidwe hayidiroliki. Nthawi zambiri, opaleshoni akhoza anati zikusiyana pa gudumu pansi pa katundu ndi pa braking. Monga ndanenera pamwamba, mu zoyambirira za 70 Bryansk mbewu cholinga m'malo ofanana 137-TH ngolo index 137M. Mwa kusiyana chitsanzo ichi chinali makina mtundu actuator kuti ngolo, amene amakhala ndi kudalilika mkulu. Kenaka anapatsidwa dzina latsopano mu bazi-3405.