Concept ndi zizindikiro za mapiramidi ndalama. Wachifwamba udindo mapiramidi ndalama

Mawu akuti "piramidi ndalama" wakhala chimake cha chinyengo ndi chinyengo. Komabe, lero njira iyi ya kumanga ntchito apitirira ntchito padziko lonse. Amalonda ndi kupeka njira yatsopano, ndi chodabwitsa si idzawonongedwe. ndi zizindikiro zimene mapiramidi ndalama? Kodi mfundo zawo? Taganizirani tsatanetsatane.

mapiramidi limagwirira

Business Yomanga mu mawonekedwe a piramidi akusonyeza nkhani ya Boma onse a ndalama kuti kupereka mtendere ndi profitability a dongosolo. ziwembu piramidi ndi losavuta: pa ndalama zatsopano kupereka kubwerera pa ndalama ya ndalama m'mbuyomu. The apamwamba mlingo wa kulowa, wamkulu Mwina phindu. Pafupifupi ziro mwayi chotenga ndalama kwa anthu amene ali m'munsi mwa piramidi, ndipo iwo, monga zoonekeratu, ambiri a phindu apamwamba amachotsa amene waima pa pamwamba, ndipo mwina pafupi pamwamba. Msungidwe piramidi si nthawi zonse chiwembu achinyengo, koma nthawi zonse ndi osatetezeka. Ngakhale glitch yaing'ono dongosolo zingachititse kuti kugwa kwake. Nthawi zambiri kugwa kumachitika pamene munthu kapena ochepa depositors lalikulu mukufuna kutapa ndalama.

Pali njira zingapo kuti adziwe za chikhalidwe cha zomangamanga pyramidal ndalama: Choyamba, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono zingakukhudzireni osiyana gulu malamulo mawonekedwe, ndipo kachiwiri, iwo ali dongosolo kukula ngongole - yaitali athe kugwira ntchito pakampani zimenezi, m'pamenenso amasonkhana mangawa; Kachitatu, piramidi tinganene kuti ngati mawonekedwe a chinyengo, ngakhale pali zina pamene nyumba izi zinalengedwa ndi zolinga zabwino. Koma nthawi zonse iwo zimathandiza kuti apeze chuma mofulumira, kotero mafunso mwa oimira lamulo.

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu za mapiramidi ndalama

Ponena za malonda pyramidal, tisaiwale kuti akhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana, ndipo pomwepo kuzindikira chisokonezo kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Woyamba Mbali yofunika kwambiri machenjerero piramidi ndi kupanda likulu ovomerezeka. Onse malipiro lopeza ndi chifukwa kukopa kwa ndalama zatsopano. Izi mtundu wa bizinesi ndi yayenda ophunzira onse, kupatulapo okonza, koma zingakhale yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ndalama, monga ndiAmene machenjerero awa nthawi zonse kupereka mofulumira ndi mkulu ndalama. chitsimikizo kuti ndi umboni kutsogolera monga ku madera malamulo ndalama pali chiopsezo Choncho, ukutitsimikizira kuti awapatse. Childs, mabungwe amenewa mulibe ziphatso aliyense kuchita ankayendetsa zachuma. Iwo akupereka zogulitsa si bwino mankhwala chuma, ndi ena zoyambitsidwa mwini: magawo zosiyanasiyana ngongole. Kodi inunso ziwembu piramidi ndi item mu mgwirizano kuti likhoza kugwa Investor kampani afika kanthu ndipo alibe ufulu amadandaula. Komanso, pali zizindikiro za mapiramidi ndalama kugwirizana ndi kukwezedwa: iwo nthawizonse zakhala wokangalika, nthawi zina ngakhale malonda mwamphamvu; Nthawi zambiri ndi khama okonza akulipira taphunzira magawo. Kubisa chosowa ndalama kapena kupanga zinthu enieni, okonza ntchito malankhulidwe awo ambiri mawu apadera, ndiwo adalenga nkhambakamwa za mosamala kukonzekera komanso masikimu unali woyenerera. Mu njira iliyonse wofufuza kuphunzira mbali ya kampani pali Mphekesera malonda chinsinsi. Ndalama zili ndi mtundu wa gulu la amaganizo amodzi ophunzira mu chiwembu ndi chofuna kukopa osewera atsopano. Pakuti ichi iwo zambiri kupereka mabonasi zina, nthawi zambiri mu mawonekedwe a chidwi zina mu ntchito - mu mawonekedwe a magawo mwachitsanzo.

Zosiyanasiyana mapiramidi ndalama

Pali pang'ono m'kagulu yomanga piramidi ndalama. machenjerero awa zonse zilibwino ndi modernized, kotero kuphimba mitundu yonse ya chodziwikiratu mu kufanizitsa chomwecho.

Malinga ndi njira ya gulu bizinezi kudziwa "ukonde" wa piramidi, zomwe si kuchita zinthu wina osati kulembetsa ndi ntchito zotolera ndalama, ndi "camouflaged" ndi zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya malonda: maziko, zibonga, Intaneti. mukhoza kugawana makampani izi pa cholinga ananena kwa thumba-kuukitsidwa: ena zasungidwa kupereka muwone anthu ubwino analonjeza, pamene ena ntchito mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi ntchito ndalama, magulu onse awiri. Ena ananamizira ngati kampani ochita malonda katundu aliyense (kaŵirikaŵiri mu Chiwerengerochi msika "Ndalama Zakunja"). Pali piramidi, kutengera kampani chikhalidwe kapena osakhala phindu maziko.

Lero, mukhoza zambiri mabungwe amene amaoneka ngati ogula cooperatives kapena mapulogalamu zina nduna kubweza ndi ngongole makampani. Masiku ano, pafupifupi tsiku lililonse pali latsopano piramidi, ndi kuswana awo mwayi waukulu pa Internet amapereka. Izi zimathandiza kugawana njira zimenezi pa Intaneti ndi olumikizidwa ku makina kamangidwe. N'zothekanso kugawanitsa piramidi pa nzika dala owononga: pali makampani omwe pachiyambi analengedwa ndi zolinga achinyengo, koma pali lalikulu ndalama ntchito, omwe woganiziridwa monga bizinesi weniweni, koma chifukwa cha zolakwa ndi miscalculations inasanduka piramidi. Nthawi zambiri yotsirizira patsogolo kwa zikamera wa "thovu" chuma - poponya mkulu otaya ndalama ku ntchito, zimene adzitaya kulamulira ndi chiwonongeko cha kampani.

A gulu wapadera ndi boma dongosolo pyramidal mothandizidwa ndi boma, monga izo kotero anakonza ndalama penshioni m'mayiko ambiri. anapuma Current kulandira phindu pa ndalama zopereka tsogolo la nzika olumala. Ngakhale kuti nkhani utsogoleri za ndalama osiyana ndalama penshioni, koma iwo kawirikawiri pafupifupi palibe, chifukwa katundu penshioni m'mayiko olemera akupeza apamwamba: moyo amayembekezeka zikuchulukirachulukira, chiwerengero cha anthu ntchito, zaka ikuchepa, kotero aganyali ndalama penshioni pachabe, ndipo pali kwambiri kuopsa kugwa madera deta.

Malonda ndi kupititsa

Zizindikiro Kwambiri mapiramidi ndalama - wapadera malonda ntchito. Izi makampani muyenera kuwonjezeka mofulumira kwambiri madipoziti, kotero anthu alibe nthawi kuyamba udzafunidwa benefiti, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mofulumira kupanga wambirimbiri ndalama. zolinga ndi malonda ambiri a mapiramidi chuma, amene ali limatchula zake. yokopa amenewa apilo ku mtima wa munthu; amayesetsa kuti tizigona gawo lake zomveka ndipo ankalimbikitsa kuchita mchitidwe popanda kuganiza. Malonda aya kawirikawiri yomangidwa pafupi ndi munthu wina, nyenyezi zambiri amakopeka ndi odalirika umunthu. N'kovuta kwambiri kupeza atsogoleri enieni a piramidi. posts onse zimamangidwa pa wosatha ogula chilimbikitso: akulankhula za mmene sakuchita chilichonse, akhoza kulemera mwachangu, ndi kupereka malongosoledwe yosokoneza. Cholinga malonda - kukankhira kwa yomweyo, zochita zopanda nzeru, ndipo ntchito ngati disabling lotha kuganiza mozama limagwirira. Chifukwa obsessions, zitsanzo aukali pafupi kupambana ndi kuphweka kwa nkhaniyo ndi ambiri kale akwaniritsa bwino, ndipo sungathe, kulenga ankafuna kwambiri.

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa mabungwe amenewa, taphunzira kuti zochita zawo: nthawi zonse ulaliki kwambiri, chidwi ndi atolankhani. Kulumikizana kawirikawiri yomangidwa pafupi ndi zina khalidwe mtundu, limene lakonzedwa kuti olimba mtima.

zinachitikira dziko

piramidi athu 90, ndithudi, sanali njira yatsopano. The zachuma kale mobwerezabwereza logwedezeka ndi kugwa kwa makampani ncthito ndi kuwononga nzika. Woyamba m'mbiri ya woyambitsa wa piramidi ndalama ankaona kuti Charlz Pontsi, lero ndi dzina banja ndi chizindikiro cha njira zimenezi. Iye mu 1919 iye anabwera ndi chiwembu nzeru makuponi mayiko kuwombola, yemwe ankayenera kubweretsa phindu lalikulu. Iye anatha kupeza ndalama amene Ponzi analonjeza 45% phindu mu miyezi 3 chabe. Iye sanali achita kuphana aliyense makuponi, makamaka chifukwa chakuti sangathe umasinthanitsidwa ndalama, koma pa wotumizira sitampu. Koma chiwembu ntchito, ndalama chabe musavutike kumvetsa akamanena za pempholo ndipo anayamba ndalama. Ponzi anayamba kupereka ngongole kwa depositors wa choyamba - ndipo kutero ndi kukomeza, ndalama anatsanulira mu. Iwo anapha piramidi kabuku mu nyuzipepala, imene mtolankhani anapeza kuti amutumizire anagula pa ndalama padera, ayenera kangapo kuposa n'zotheka thupi. Makampani anathamangira ndalama, kampani anasiya ntchito. Ponzi pa nkhani za ndalama wapezeka amene wagawanika pa tsokali. Iwo anakwanitsa achire 40% ndalama zawo, ndi kuti sanali koipa angakuchitireni nkhaniyo.

Kenako, dziko la zachuma akadadziwa kwambiri machenjerero piramidi. Wotchuka kwambiri a iwo anakhala chiwembu Lu Perlmana, Stanford Mayiko Bank, kampani L & G ndi Yingkou Donghua Kusinthanitsa, nyerere munda V. Phan ndi ena ambiri.

Mmodzi wa mapiramidi waukulu analenga azaka zoposa B. Madoff mu United States. kampani ake ankaganiziridwa ntchito ndalama bwino, nabwera nazo ndalama zake apa ndi anthu lodziwika bwino ndi ambiri a mabanki akuluakulu a dziko. Kwa zaka 20, Madoff anali kukwanitsa, kupereka chidwi chifukwa cha ndalama zonse. Izo zonse zikuthera mosayembekezeka ana a zachuma ndi za akamanena za gulu la bambo awo. Mu anakambirana pambali, iye anawauza iwo za chinsinsi awo, ndipo Iwo anati iye apolisi. Madoff wakhala pansi kufufuza kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo pa zaka 71, kuti akakhale m'ndende kwa nthawi ya zaka 150.

Russian mbiri ya mapiramidi

The kholo la zomangamanga pyramidal mu Russia anakhala Mavrodi SERGEY Panteleevich. Mu tsarist Russia anali zazing'ono ziwembu piramidi mu mawonekedwe a ndalama mothandizana ndi ntchito yopeka ndalama Koma chachikulu chikhato iwo afika. Mu Soviet Union sizikanatheka wa ndalama zapadera, ndi zina zotero zoberana ngati sikungakhoze kukhala funso. mapiramidi Financial mu Russia maluwa nthawi kusintha. Anthu ogwidwa ndi ludzu la zolowa, ndi nthenda ya chisokonezo sanalephere kumumvera.

Wotchuka ndiponso zazikulu mapiramidi, kupatula mmm anakhala kampani "Hopper-Muzigwiritsa", "Vlastiliny", "Chara-Bank", "Russian House Selenga" gombe, "Tibet". ntchito zawo zowawa mamiliyoni ambiri nzika. Iwo anagwidwa matrilioni a rubles, amene sanabwerere mu buku lililonse. Zinachitikira 90s ndi mokweza kugwa mapiramidi, mayesero ndi kupeza perpetrators onse pa dziko kwa kanthawi yafupika kukula kwa njira zimenezi. Koma kuyambira 2010s amayamba msinkhu mu mbiri ya mapiramidi, omwe asangalala chifukwa cha Internet ndi luso la amalonda.

mmm

Mu 1992, Mavrodi SERGEY Panteleevich ndi m'bale wake, mkazi wake analenga kampaniyo. Mmm, amene anagulitsa magawo yake ndi matikiti, kungakupatseni ndalama ku 200% pamwezi. kampaniyo adzaika mtengo wa magawo kupezeka aliyense kwaulere, hakhatawiriswa. Ma sheya hoda samazimvetsa manja anu pa zikalata ndalama kutsimikizira kugula. shareholder akhoza kugulitsa katundu phindu. Akamanena waukulu mapiramidi ndalama - chimakopa ndalama, ndi mmm anagwiritsa ntchito bwino njira imeneyi. Chiwerengero cha anthu nthawi imeneyo ndalama zoopsa osaphunzira molimba kwambiri, ndipo ili ndi kunamizira Mavrodi. zaka ziwiri kampani linatukuka anakula olemera, ena ndalama ndi nthawi kuti apeze ndalama ndipo motero chinathandiza kutchuka wa kampani. Mmm n'zosiyana kulenga malonda: a mini-onena za Lenya Golubkov ndi banja lake anakhala weniweni takasa filimu anthu wamba, ndi mawu akuti "Ine ndine - palibe freeloader, I - bwenzi" anapita kwa anthu. Mu 1994 zinaoneka mmm amadzinenera kuti sanali kupereka msonkho, koma Mavrodi anakana zinadziwika lapansi. Zonsezi chikwiyire chipwirikiti pakati depositors, akuyamba Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga mankhwala a ma sheya hoda ndalama. Mu 1997, mmm wakhala dipo, ndi mlengi wa piramidi mlandu wa chinyengo. Zonse zochita za mmm mavuto anthu pafupifupi 15 miliyoni anthu, koma mwalamulo 10 okha zikwi anazitcha akuvutika. Kuwononga Akuti pa rubles 3 biliyoni.

zatsopano

Kubwera kwa Intaneti kwachititsa wozungulira atsopano chitukuko cha mtundu pyramidal wa malonda. Chifukwa chimene piramidi pa Internet wakhala wotchuka ndi luso kwa ndiAmene kusunga kudzibisa awo. Mu ukonde pali zida zambiri kulanda ndalama, amene bwino ndi kuunikira kwa owongolera. Awa ndi kusangalala fraudsters. Baibulo ambiri njira ndalama Intaneti - ndi HYIP. Izi mapulogalamu ndalama ali pa chiopsezo kwambiri tsopano kupereka pa Internet kuti aganyali mapulogalamu ena ndalama. Koma kwenikweni akutembenukira phindu ndi kukopa osewera onse atsopano. Okonza mapiramidi pa amanena intaneti kuti chiopsezo ku zawo palibe, chifukwa chiwerengero cha ophunzira angathe akadali lalikulu kwambiri. Koma mfundo imeneyi si ntchito, kuyambira infopovod aliyense imfayo mantha kugwa piramidi. Komanso mu maukonde tsopano anapeza ndi zitsanzo chikhalidwe mapiramidi, iwo amatchedwa benchi (kuchokera ku mawu ukathyali). Izi piramidi ndalama lakonzedwa kuti anthu m'chimbulimbuli amene Pamatha ndi kusamutsa ndalama. Pali zitsanzo zimene ananamizira ngati masewera, yomwe zogulitsa a masewero zotsatira. Fraudsters tsiku lililonse kuthamanga ntchito zonse latsopano maukonde ndi nthawi salangidwa.

Wotchuka ziwembu piramidi pa Intaneti

Mapiramidi otchuka Internet lero ndi masewera "Zisanu wallets», NewPro ndi MoneyTrain, pafupifupi kuwombola «Stock Generation», unakonzedwa ndi chinyozo S. Mavrodi, dongosolo malipiro Wangwiro Ndalama Liberty Reserve, ndalama piramidi WholeWorld ndi ena ambiri.

Network malonda ndi mapiramidi

Mantha anthu lero samafuna kuti chabe aganyali ndalama kwinakwake, kotero piramidi anayamba anagwirizana nazo pansi malonda maukonde, lomwe ngakhale komanso si anazindikira chidwi kwambiri, koma pali anthu angapo wokonzeka aganyali nazo. pali zambiri zofanana, koma pali kusiyana pakati pa mapiramidi ndi kulumikiza. Kusiyanitsa chiwembu achinyengo kwa malonda weniweni, m'pofunika kuti amvetsetse chimene chili kusiyana pakati pa iwo. MLM ntchito nthawi zonse kugulitsa mankhwala enieni. Iwo akhoza kukhala osiyanasiyana quality, koma nthawi zonse wapeza wogula. Izo sikutanthauza ndalama zolowera waukulu kwambiri pakhomo. Angalonjeze kugula sitata paketi kupanga - ndiye mtengo ayenera kulingalira bwino ndipo kawirikawiri Kuchotsera kwa oyamba. Gululi Company ali ndi adiresi kwenikweni, palibe vuto kusonyeza zikalata constituent, kawirikawiri asamabisanso nduna zake pamwamba. Ndalama mu MLM ntchito zimadalira khama ndi ntchito ya wogulitsa mu malonda, osati chiwerengero cha anthu amene ali okhudzidwa.

malamulo kusamala

Osati kuti pa mbedza kuti fraudsters, M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kusamalitsa yosavuta. Sitiyenera kugonja kwa lonjezo la ndalama kungakupatseni masiku ano ndalama sipangakhale sapeza. muyenera amati kuchuluka kwa "mpaka" milandu pamene akulowa mu pulogalamu Othandizana. makampani malonda si upambana 5% ngati lonjezano lomwelo kupereka 10% kapena zambiri, ayenera kukadziwitsa. Kulikonse kumene inu zowawa ndalama, muyenera mosamala fufuzani zikalata constitutive, adiresi, ndipo funsani kampaniyo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndemanga pa Intaneti akhoza moderated m'manja mwa eni piramidi, kotero sakhulupirira iwo mwachimbulimbuli.

udindo

Ngati munthuyo afunsa funso: mmene kulenga chiwembu piramidi? Ndiye n'zotheka malangizo otsatirawa: ndikuganiza za udindo pa zochita zawo, ndipo kenako okha chitani kanthu.

M'mayiko onse a dziko ndi osiyana a kupambana kumenyana chinyengo ndalama. Mu Russia, lili pa udindo pa chigawenga kwa piramidi ndalama. Kusinthidwa kwa malamulo kubwera kutali, ndipo okha 2016 iwo potsiriza yolembedwa ndi mutsogoleli wa boma latsopano la Russia. Chilango chachikulu ndiAmene wa mtundu uwu wa malonda - izo nzabwino. Pamene kukopa oposa 1.5 rubles, chilango adzakhala 1 miliyoni. Ngati piramidi ndi akuluakulu 6 miliyoni, ndipo ayambe adzakhala - oposa 1.5 miliyoni rubles, komanso ntchito yokakamiza, ndipo ngakhale kumangidwa. N'kovuta kubweretsa fraudsters chilungamo kwagona kuti lamulo mapiramidi ndalama ayitana, zokha zotsatirazi mitundu 5 mapiramidi:

1. Amene sanabise umunthu wake (monga izo zinali ndi mmm).

2. makampani woimira monga njira yovomerezeka kwa kungogulitsa ndi kugula ngongole.

3. Makampani kuti anagwirizana nazo kwa masitolo chuma, ndi microfinance obwereketsa.

4. Companies kuti mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi inshuwalansi, refinancing, ngongole kuthetsa kuti borrowers zosiyanasiyana amafuna zopereka lalikulu ukubwera.

5. mabungwe omwe amaoneka ngati osewera msika chuma, makamaka Ndalama Zakunja ndalama msika ophunzira. Ndipo mndandanda si kuutsiriza zosiyanasiyana makampani kuti ntchito pa mfundo za mapiramidi.