Zizindikiro za khunyu ana. Zoyambitsa, matenda, mankhwala

Mawu akuti "khunyu" Akatswiri kuitana aakulu matenda ubongo amakhala ndi Kasupe disordered wa ntchito ya maselo ake. Ana, kumachitika nthawi zambiri matenda kuposa achikulire. Nthawi zambiri kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a khunyu.

zingayambitse

Izo Sizotheka kudziwa kwenikweni chifukwa mwana amagwa khunyu. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti ana palibe kuona. Malinga ndi zimene zimayambitsa matenda a khunyu ana, ndi kusiyanitsa mitundu ya matenda.

Hule kuitana zoopsa zambiri, zotupa opatsirana. Iwo amanenanso kuti ndi matenda autoimmune. Baibulo Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti mu magazi a odwala ndi autoantibodies wapezeka neyroantigenam.

Ana imautsa isanayambike matenda angakhale zifukwa zotsatirazi.

1. chibadwa. Koma asayansi kuti n'kulakwa kunena kuti khunyu imafalikira. Cholowa kutengera za akhoza zopezera yekha ndi maonekedwe ake. Munthu aliyense ali enaake a ntchito khunyu, koma ngati khunyu chidzasintha, zimadalira zifukwa zina.

2. Brain Matenda. Chala chapakati mantha dongosolo zimachitika chifukwa cha mmene pa mwana wosabadwayo zoipa zinthu matenda akuchikazi pa mimba. Komanso, iwo amayamba ndi matenda chibadwa.

3. opatsirana zotupa. matenda angayambe pambuyo akuvutika oumitsa khosi kapena encephalitis. Pa nthawi yomweyo mwana wamng'ono, ndi apamwamba mwayi kukhala khunyu m'tsogolo, m'pamenenso zidzakhala. Komabe, ngati mwana mkulu wa chibadidwe mlingo wa ntchito khunyu, matenda zoyambitsa matenda aliwonse.

4. amavulala. zodabwitsa zonse- hule isanayambike khunyu. Koma ubale Sizotheka kuti akhazikitse, chifukwa matenda sayamba yomweyo.

Kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a khunyu ana, zingadziŵike ndi machenjerero a kupenda ndi mankhwala.

gulu la matenda

Akatswiri kudziwa subtypes angapo matenda, malingana ndi zimene anali chifukwa cha kukomoka.

Ngati vutoli anayamba chifukwa cha kupunduka structural ubongo, ndiye izo zikanakhala symptomatic khunyu. Iwo angayambe chifukwa mapangidwe cysts, zotupa ndiponso kukha magazi m'thupi. Za khunyu idiopathic ndi milandu kumene palibe kusintha kuonekera ubongo, koma mwanayo ali kutengera za kumtundu kukulitsa matenda.

Koma pali milandu kumene zizindikiro za khunyu mu mwana kutchulidwa ndi chifukwa cha boma sangathe adzakhazikika. mtundu uwu matenda amatchedwa cryptogenic.

Komanso, akatswiri kusiyanitsa m'madera ndi zowombetsa mkota mawonekedwe a matenda. Mbali yoyamba, madera a ntchito ubongo ndi n'zochepa kwambiri. Iwo anapanga zonse m'madera womwewo wa minofu ubongo. Ndipo mu mawonekedwe zowombetsa mkota mu ndondomeko pathological nawo pafupi kotekisi lonse.

Payokha anachira zosinthika losanganikirana. Poyamba, khunyu kuyamba monga mukuchitika, koma cholinga cha malemeredwe mofulumira kufalikira kwa kotekisi lonse.

The mabelu loyamba

makolo onse afunika kudziwa zomwe ndi zizindikiro za khunyu ana. Ndipotu, vutoli wapezeka mu 3% ya ana osaposa zaka 9. Makanda akhoza kusokonezedwa ndi ntchito bwinobwino thupi. The mwana akutembenukira mutu wake mwachangu amasuntha manja ndi miyendo. zigawo Convulsive sali zopezeka.

Kuukira angayambe pa m'badwo uliwonse. Koma nthawi zina zimachitika pamene ubongo ndi wamanjenje dongosolo si kukhwima kwathunthu. Pathological cholinga cha malemeredwe mu Zikatero kuonekera mosavuta.

Ena kuukira mwina kuonekera kwa ena. Iwo sangamvetsere ngakhale makolo. Iwo amaoneka mu "popachika-mpaka" States, lolimba masekondi ochepa. The yofala kwambiri matenda ana ndi yonena khunyu (piknolepsiya). Pa nthawi imene mwana anakomoka, retropulsivnye kayendedwe noticeable mutu, maso angathe kupita pansi m'mwamba. Akamaliza kuukira umatchulidwatchulidwa basi pharyngo-m'kamwa apaulendo. Izi akhoza nyambititsa milomo, kumamumenya, woyamwa. zoopsa zotere zambiri lolimba zosaposa masekondi 30. Koma iwo Mungathe kubwereza nthawi zambiri, ngakhale kwa tsiku limodzi.

Makolo ayenera kudziwa kuti zizindikiro izi a khunyu ana. Mwina uyambe wachisokonezo tulo, utachepa kapena, Tikawonetsetsa ntchito kwambiri yogwira ubongo, photic kukondoweza.

mitundu ya matenda

Akatswiri kuzindikira osati isanafalikire ndi mitundu zowombetsa mkota a khunyu. Malinga zinthu zimene imfayo isanayambike matenda, monga mitundu akutali:

- Pulayimale: amapezeka ndi maziko a mwakhama kuyima mu ubongo;

- Secondary: kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala zoopsa;

- reflex: n'lakuti ngati anachita kuwalimbikitsa, ndi zina phokoso kunja kukuzizira kuwala, fungo.

Malinga pa msinkhu womwe zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda ndi mmene zizindikiro matenda kusiyanitsa mitundu ya khunyu:

- zosagwiritsa zazing'ono, iwo ndi khalidwe la wakhanda;

- myoclonic - ndi neonatal mawonekedwe;

- mopupuluma, akamakula;

- psychomotor - iwo akhoza limodzi ndi khunyu kapena kupita popanda iwo, kungakhale kwenikweni, Makutu, adversivnye kuukira, kupsa kuseka.

Malinga pafupipafupi ndi kayendedwe ka kuukira, kuonetsetsa mitundu ya khunyu:

- ndi ochepa (zosakwana 1 pamwezi), kawirikawiri (kangapo sabata) kuukira;

- ndi unevenness ndi kukula khunyu.

Ndi nthawi imene kusiyanitsa mitundu imeneyi a khunyu:

- usiku;

- kudzutsidwa;

- zowombetsa mkota (kuukira zimachitika nthawi iliyonse).

Kubuka malemeredwe kungakhale mu occipital, yokhudza kotekisi, wosakhalitsa, diencephalic ndi zigawo zina ubongo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Malinga gawo la chotupa chachikulu zimasiyana ndi zizindikiro za khunyu ana. Ndipotu, matenda si nthawi zonse akuwonetseredwa kupweteka. Cheerleaders ayenera imfa zosakhalitsa chikumbumtima, matenda kayendedwe, disorientation, zipolowe za kuzindikira (kulawa, kulira kapena zithunzi), ndewu, mmene alili. Komanso, ana okulirapo akhoza kundiuza za dzanzi la mbali zina za thupi.

zizindikiro za khunyu mwana si nthawi zonse zooneka, makolo si nthawi zonse chidwi. Mu ana okulirapo, iwo akhoza kutenga nawo chododometsa muyezo. Koma pali zizindikiro kuti akope tcheru. kutha Izi kupuma, minofu mavuto thupi, amene anatsagana ndi chakuti mwana ali zosinthira ndi unbend miyendo, anati convulsive chidule, musanaganizire defecation, pokodza. Wodwalayo mwina kuluma lilime lake, ena kufuula pa khunyu.

Nthawi zina anthu pa khunyu zingaoneke kokha kugwedeza atumwi, akuponyera mutu mmbuyo, kuyang'ana pa nthawi ina. Iwo samva zimene zikuchitika kunja. Koma ambiri sangathe kuzindikira khunyu khunyu, ngati iwo limodzi ndi khunyu ndi kugwedezeka pansi.

Tiyenera kudziwa ndi kuti akhunyu chitetezo chokwanira ndi ofooka. Kawirikawiri amadwala zosiyanasiyana matenda psycho-maganizo. Ena nkhawa, maganizo wayamba. Iwo yodziwika ndi chikhalidwe yaing'ono okonda ndiponso ankakangana, kawirikawiri amakhala ndi chifundo cha mokwiya. Anthu ndi khunyu yodziwika ndi kumwetsa chabe, kubwezera, rancor. Akatswiri kuzitcha izo khunyu khalidwe.

matenda a matenda

Atazindikira nthawi mwana wa kutha kapena jerky kayendedwe, muyenera yomweyo kupita kwa dokotala. Only kufufuza zonse ndi kusankha mankhwala zolondola mukhoza kubwerera moyo adalinso.

Muyenera zasayansi wapadera ndi mayeso malangizo, kotero kuti ndi 100% ndithu matenda "khunyu". chilema gulu udzakhazikitsidwe kamodzi asanafike zaka ambiri. Pambuyo isanayambike khumi adzafuna pochitika perekomissiyu.

Imodzi mwa njira zikuluzikulu za kafukufuku ndi electroencephalography. Komabe, pafupifupi theka la odwala mu nthawi ya pakati pa kuukira pa izo sizingakhale kusintha kulikonse. Pogwira ntchito mayesero (hyperventilation, kugona mokwanira, photic kukondoweza) 90% odwala pali zizindikiro khalidwe la khunyu.

Kuwonjezera akugwirira, CHIWIRI komanso ntchito. phunziro limeneli limasonyeza ubongo, matenda, madokotala ananena zawo ndi kudziwa mankhwala njira zina. Njirazi ndi monga kompyuta ndi kumveka maginito tomography. Komanso, odwala kutenga kusanthula mkodzo ndi magazi. Kudziwa mlingo wa immunoglobulins, michere, albumin, eletrolitov, calcium, phosphatase zamchere, magnesium, shuga, chitsulo, prolactin, mahomoni chithokomiro ndi zina.

kafukufuku zina anafotokoza ECG polojekiti, Doppler brachiocephalic Mitsempha cerebrospinal madzimadzi kusanthula.

Ndondomeko chithandizo

Matenda chikhalidwe mwanayo komanso kuchepetsa pafupipafupi kuukira, ngati si kuthetsa zotheka pa nkhani ya mankhwala loyenera. Komabe, kuyembekezera kuchotsa mavuto m'mwezi woyamba sikuthandiza. Nthawi zina muyenera kumwa mankhwala zaka zingapo kuti khunyu maganizo kuphwera ndi matenda chidatha kwathunthu.

Therapy akhale mabuku. Kuwonjezera kuvomerezedwa kuti mankhwala, zina m'pofunika neurosurgical chithandizo. Ndi kovuta kuchita popanda thandizo psychotherapeutic. Ndi njira yoyenera akhoza kukwaniritsa chikhululukiro m'khola 75% ya achinyamata amene akudwala.

Kuwonjezera mankhwala, madokotala akulangizidwa kukhazikitsa mode bwino tsiku mwana nachiyika pa kudya zakudya zapadera. moyo umenewu ayenera kukhala chizolowezi. Pambuyo mode minimizes Mwina malemeredwe foci ku ubongo. Madokotala amanena chakuti zotsatira zabwino akamagwira zakudya ketogenic. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti muyenera kudya zakudya ndi mkulu okhutira mafuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo m'pofunika kuchepetsa chakudya.

Makamaka mankhwala

Kudziwa mmene tiyenera kuchitira khunyu pa nkhani iliyonse, dokotala Pasakhale ndi zinachitikira chokwanira. Ndipotu, choncho n'kofunika kusankha mankhwala kuti kubweretsa phindu pazipita ndi zotsatira kochepa chowawa. Chithandizo amasankha yekha pambuyo matenda udzakhazikitsidwe. Ndinapereka mankhwala makamaka, dokotala ayenera kuona chikhalidwe cha kukomoka kuti zimene zili matenda. The ntchito yomwe pa msinkhu womwe anayamba kuukira, pafupipafupi awo, nzeru wodwalayo, pamaso pa zizindikiro ubongo. Komanso kuganizira kawopsedwe mankhwala ndi mosavuta mavuto. Kusankha mankhwala (analamula kuti khunyu makamaka anticonvulsants), dokotala ayenera kumvetsera kwambiri chikhalidwe cha kukomoka mawonekedwe a matenda pamene n'kofunika zochepa.

Zolinga achire odwala zambiri zotchulidwa mlingo wa m'badwo. Komabe, dokotala ayenera kulandira utoto chiwembu. Ndipotu, kuyamba kumwa mankhwala antiepileptic pa mlingo m'munsi. Ngati zotsatira pa phwando awo sapezeka, kapena kudzakhala sadzachitanso noticeable, m'pofunika pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera mlingo. Mbali A cha mankhwala a matenda chabe chakuti mankhwala kusintha ndi osafunika. Ngati thupi sakulabadira, inu basi kuonjezera chiwerengero cha ndalama kamodzi analandira. Ngakhale pafupifupi 1-3% odwala chikhululukiro chingapezeke mu ntchito wazaka zapakati yafupika mlingo.

kusankha mankhwala

Pali milandu pamene poika mankhwala si kuthandiza. Pa umboni kupanda patsogolo pa mwezi, malinga ndi zaka pazipita mlingo zimatheka. Zikatere m'pofunika kusintha mankhwala. Koma izi si yapafupi. Pali dera linalake, kuchitira khunyu ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Zikutanthauza kuti m'malo wachiwiri anasankha chiphunzitso chikuyendetsedwera pang'onopang'ono, imodzi kuletsa amene m'mbuyomu. Koma zimenezi zichitike bwino. Nthawi zina kusintha mankhwala anachedwa kwa masabata angapo. Ngati wodwalayo achire kutchulidwa, ndi zofunika kupereka Integrated mankhwala benzodiazepines ndi barbiturates.

Nthawi zambiri, mukhoza kuchiza khunyu. Doctor payekha amasankha anticonvulsant ndi mankhwala antiepileptic. Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa "ntchito diazepam", "Phenobarbital", "carbamazepine". Mmalo zabwino kupereka njira imene mankhwala yogwira adzamasulidwa pang'onopang'ono. Ndipotu, ntchito zawo amachepetsa ngozi mavuto. mankhwala monga zotumphukira wa asidi valproic ndi carbamazepine. Zikuphatikizapo mankhwala "valparin XP", "Konvulsofin", "Enkorat", "Konvuleks" "Depakine Enterik 300", "Finlepsin", "Apo-Carbamazepine."

zosokonezeka zotheka

Bwino mankhwala osankhidwa bwino zizindikiro za khunyu mwana kwathunthu kuchotsedwa mu zaka zingapo. Nthawi zina, yotsatana monotherapy si anasiya kuukira. Izi ndi zotheka ndi kukana mankhwala. Iwo kawirikawiri ku odwala amene anayamba kuukira oyambirira pamwezi uposa 4 kuukira, pakhala pali kuchepa kwa nzeru ndi dysgenesis ubongo. Zikatero, pang'ono osiyana chiwembu apatsidwe thandizo ubongo khunyu. dokotala angakupatseni munthawi yomweyo phwando mankhwala awiri.

dera ndi ofananira amafunika chithandizo kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo ngakhale patapita kutha wathunthu wa khunyu. Malinga mitundu ya khunyu, nthawi imeneyi kungakhale kwa zaka 2 mpaka 4. Koma kusiya msanga mankhwala zingachititse kuwonongeka. Khunyu angakhalenso kuyambiranso. Ngakhale pambuyo pa mapeto a nthawi ino, kulipira ndalama zizichitidwa pang'onopang'ono miyezi 3-6. Nkofunika nthawi zonse kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa ntchito akugwirira. Nthawi zina, mankhwala ndi moyo wathu wonse.

Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti kale nthendayo anayamba, ndi lalikulu kwambiri zotsatira za khunyu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ali aang'ono, ubongo wa munthu akadali mwana ndipo, chifukwa, osatetezeka. Makolo ayenera mopepuka mankhwala akuchipatala, chifukwa ngati inu satsatira mankhwala kamwedwe anasankhidwa mwadya mapiritsi kapena kuletsa awo, anawo kuyambiranso kuukira mpaka kufika pa udindo epilepticus. chikhalidwe ichi amakhala ndi chakuti mwana khunyu ndi mmodzi mosalekeza, malingaliro siliyikika bwino pakati pawo.