Adenoma wa malovu England: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi mankhwala

Yoganizira kumene malovu England. Pamene iye nthawi zonse amagwira ntchito yake ndipo sayambitsa kusapeza, zilibe tcheru kwambiri. Adenoma wa zopangitsa ndi malovu zingasiyane mu dongosolo lawo histological ndi morphological. Iwo, monga zophuka ena zilonda ndi mtima wabwino. zotupa chosaopsa kukhala m'malo pang'onopang'ono, ndipo musati kusonyeza kusapeza kapena zizindikiro zina. zotupa zilonda kukula mofulumira, kupereka screenings nalo la ziwalo ndipo zimakhala, mavuto ndiponso nkhope kuvulala mitsempha.

tanthauzo

Ali malovu England? Choyamba ndi Dziwani banja ili alveolar serous thupi, yomwe ili pansi pa khungu ndi pansi kutsogolo kwa khutu. Ntchito yake yaikulu ili katulutsidwe ndi kudzikundikira malovu. The wambirimbiri soda ndi potaziyamu chlorides madzi, komanso amylase. Iwo amalenga m'kamwa acidic sing'anga ndi pH poyerekeza 6. tsiku zopangitsa onse akhoza kuonetsetsa kuti lita imodzi theka malovu.

Malovu England adenoma - mtima wabwino wapakatikati kapena zilonda neoplasms, omwe anapangidwa wa zopangitsa yaing'ono kapena yaikulu malovu. Mwa njira zonse neoplastic pa timene zopangitsa ndi malovu mlandu za kwathunthu. Ichi ndi m'malo okwezeka chithunzi. Kusintha angayambe pa m'badwo uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mkati ndi ukalamba (zaka 40-60), ndi akazi kawiri nthawi kuposa amuna.

Neoplasms sachedwa chotupa chija, zisadzachitikenso ndi metastasis Choncho, ndi chidwi kuti mano ndi madokotala m'kamwa.

zifukwa

Chifukwa pali adenoma wa malovu England, mpaka kumapeto sakudziwika. Mu kopanda mankhwala kuti maonekedwe a zotupa likhoza kulumikizidwa kupwetekedwa m'dera yapitayi kapena matenda yotupa, komanso mumps (mumps). Koma si odwala onse anali ndi mbiri milandu ofanana.

Akatswiri ena amalimbikira kuti chifukwa cha zotupa malovu England kungakhale kobadwa nako dystopia zimakhala. Komanso, musati sasamala mavairasi izi oncogenic ngati Epstein - Barr HIV, cytomegalovirus (makamaka 16, 18, 31 ndi 32 TH kalasi) ndi nsungu simplex HIV.

Koma si milandu onse, kumene angathe malovu England adenoma. zifukwa ayenera anafuna mu mawonekedwe a moyo wa munthu (kutafuna fodya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala), malo ake ndi ntchito (kwambiri dzuwa padzuwa, kawirikawiri padzuwa la mutu ndi khosi cheza mankhwala pa thymus kapena chithokomiro matenda). Akukhulupirira kuti kudwala kucheza ndi anthu mafuta m'thupi, kusowa mavitamini mu zakudya ndi matenda m'thupi.

Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti antchito chiopsezo ndi matabwa, zitsulo ndi makampani mankhwala (mafunsidwe a salt heavy), hairdressers.

TNM gulu

Pakuti mayiko ku matenda ndi mankhwala a adenoma wa malovu England ntchito gulu lonse kuti facilitates tanthauzo siteji ya ndondomekoyi:

1. T (chotupa) - chotupa kukula:
   - T0 - azindikire adenomas sakanakhoza;
   - T1 - neoplasms m'mimba mwake zosakwana masentimita 2;
   - T2 - awiri 4 cm, koma sangalephere lotulukira England;
   - T3 - kusamvana cm 4 mpaka 6, mitsempha nkhope si anakantha;
   - T4 - awiri a masentimita oposa 6, kufalitsa kwa minofu pafupi, sukhala misempha cranial.
2. N (mfundo) - dera lymph mfundo:
   - N0 - palibe metastases;
   - N1 - anapha munthu mfundo kutupa kwa 3 cm;
   - N2 - anakantha mfundo zingapo, chotupa kukula - 3 cm 6;
   - N3 - anakantha mfundo zambiri, m'mimba mwake zotupa - kuposa masentimita 6.
3. M (metastasis) - metastases:
   - M0 - No metastases lakutali;
   - M1 - pali lakutali metastases.

dongosolo anatha wosalira matenda ndi madokotala ananena zawo za matendawa. Ndipo malamulo alphanumeric limachititsa ntchito mu dziko lililonse padziko lapansi.

Gawo morphological

Adenoma a ku England parotid ndi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zimasiyanasiyana histological ndi morphological kapangidwe:

1. Zaminyewa chotupa. Amatha ku zimakhala za zopangitsa yaikulu ndi yaing'ono malovu. Yodziwika ndi kukula kwa epithelium mu lumen wa ducts mu mawonekedwe a papillae, kribroznyh ndi tubular nyumba.
2. Monomorphic adenoma. zotupa chosaopsa wapangidwa ndi minofu glandular. Mpatuko padera, makamaka akakhala amuna achikulire. Iwo ali chonse kapena mawonekedwe chowulungika zotanuka kugwirizana.
3. Adenolymphoma motere pa kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe monomorphic adenoma, koma mkati zopangitsa komanso muli lymph.
4. Sebaceous adenoma - ndi zodziwika chotupa anapangidwa wa mipata angapo enaake maselo sebaceous. Amatha pa msinkhu uliwonse. Sabweretsa chisoni, ali ndi chikasu mtundu. Pambuyo kuchotsa musamatope metastasis.
5. Canalicular adenoma wapangidwa ndi maselo prismatic zaminyewa omwe anasonkhana mu mitolo. Avereji odwala ndi mtundu uwu wa chotupa - zaka 65. Kuwonjezera pa malovu England adenoma ukuchititsa chapamwamba mlomo ndipo tsaya.
6. Woyambira selo adenoma. Chosaopsa wopangidwa mwa selo woyambira. Childs, yaing'ono zolimba woyera mfundo. Zilibe anawathetsa akuyambiranso ndi maligneziruetsya.
7. Pleomorphic adenoma a zopangitsa ndi malovu akhoza chachikulu, akakhala ndi wandiweyani. Kawirikawiri mtima wabwino, koma magawo ina angaoneke mu maselo zilonda. Mkati palokha lili ndi madzi ndi fibroblasts. Amenable mankhwala opaleshoni, koma chifukwa cha moyandikana ndi nkhope madokotala mitsempha mwina mavuto.

zizindikiro

Chosaopsa adenoma ya England parotid akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina kwa zaka. Sayambitsa maganizo m'maganizo, koma zingachititse munthu ndi nthawi asymmetrical. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kupita kwa dokotala. Pambuyo kuchotsa zotupa amenewa akhoza anawathetsa akuyambiranso mu 6 peresenti ya milandu. Ngati chotupa ali kufupi ndi pharyngeal Scion parotid England, zingayambitse kuphwanya Pomeza, kupweteka khutu ndi lockjaw kutafuna minofu.

Kodi adenoma wapakatikati wa malovu yomweyo? zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi pa nthawi yomweyo mu mtima wabwino ndi zilonda zotupa. Iwo amakhala ndi kukula mofulumira infiltrative, iye udzaononga minofu owazungulira. Zimakhala anawathetsa akuyambiranso ndi kupereka metastases lakutali mapapo ndi fupa.

zotupa zilonda zimachitika onse paokha ndipo pambuyo zilonda kusintha kwa zotupa chosaopsa. Kukula mofulumira kudutsa mu minofu ozungulira. Khungu pa chotupacho wofiira, otentha ndi mantha. Mwina ulcerated. Yodziwika ndi ululu, zipolowe za minofu masticatory, kuwonjezera loyandikana lymph mfundo ndi kukhalapo kwa metastases.

diagnostics

Malovu zotupa England anapeza ndithu chabe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kuyendera mano anu ndi oncologist, kusonkhanitsa madandaulo ndi kupeza mbiri ya matenda. chidwi ziperekedwe kwa kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe chotupa, ndi kukula kwake, kugwirizana ndi kuyenda.

Kuyambira zofufuza malangizo anagwira chigaza radiography, ultrasound malovu zopangitsa ptyalography (kuyang'ana England ductal patency) ndi sialostsintigrafiya (kwa kudziwika metastases lakutali). The njira yodalirika amati puncture ya England akutsatiridwa ndi smears ndi minofu biopsy phunziro histological ndi pathological.

Kulongosola kuchuluka kwa ndondomeko mungafunike CT malovu England, chifuwa X-ray kapena mafupa payekha.

Mankhwala a zotupa chosaopsa

Ngati wodwala matenda chosaopsa zotupa za zopangitsa ndi malovu, iye msewu molunjika kwa dokotala wa. Iwo kalekale anayamba njira ya "husking" mtundu uwu zotupa. A ang'ambe thupilo kakang'ono pa kapisozi a wathuyo England adenoma ndi posungira ndi kuchotsedwa. The dokotala pa nthawi yomweyo akuyesa kuti kuwononga nkhani za chotupa cha. kusokonezedwa amenewa amatchedwa "ekskholeatsiya".

Kuchotsa minofu kuti azipereka pa kuona macro- ndi tosaoneka kutsimikiza matenda. Mitsempha nkhope konse kuchotsedwa, monga kawirikawiri kugunda. Ngati chotupa akufotokozera mu zopangitsa za submandibular, ndi pochotsa ndi latsopano kukula, ndi chitsulo.

Mankhwala a zotupa zilonda

Zovuta ophatikizana mankhwala kumafuna zilonda malovu England adenoma. Kodi opaleshoni anachita? Ngakhale pamaso alowererepo n'kofunika kuyamba moyo Popanga madzi a gamma-mankhwala kuchepetsa kukula chotupa, komanso monga kuteteza zikamera wa metastases dera ndi lakutali. Opaleshoni imagwiridwa mwachindunji pambuyo mwezi kuchokera radiotherapy.

Ena olemba amalangiza kuchita kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa zopangitsa za parotid, pamodzi ndi nthambi ya mitsempha nkhope mu chipika limodzi, ndi extirpation wa mfundo dera lymph. Ngati kuyenderako anapeza kuti chotupa wakula mu fupa la nsagwada m'munsi gawo ili amafunikanso resect. Koma pamaso ntchito n'kofunika kuganizira mmene kusonkhanitsa onse a mu fupa.

Zikavuta, Ndi bwino kokha palliative radiotherapy, kuyambira chotupa si kuchotsedwa chifukwa minofu kwambiri lotayirira.

kaonedwe

Pakuti zotupa chosaopsa mankhwala opaleshoni madokotala ananena zawo moyo ndi thanzi yabwino. Mwina zisadzachitikenso ndi otsika, mmodzi yekha ndi peresenti theka. zotupa zilonda kudzali akumane kwambiri. Chiritsani wodwala angathe peresenti makumi awiri okha a milandu, ndipo ngakhale pamene pali ngozi kuti chotupa anatchulidwanso. Metastasis ziwalo zina amapezeka pafupifupi theka la milandu.