African Orange Mtsinje - chiyembekezo ndi kukongola m'dzikoli

South Africa ndi osauka ndi matupi aliyense wa madzi, kuphatikizapo mitsinje. Anthu madzi kuti kulibe limeneli, ang'ono, ndi zambiri pachaka amakhala ngati kuleza bezvodnye bedi. Komabe, pali mwachilungamo yaitali ndipo m'lifupi mtsinje. Yaikulu ya iwo - chikondwerero Chukovsky Limpopo, Mtsinje Orange (zomwe si kutseka mu mtundu lalanje) ndi Vaal.

Zinataika pomasulira

Dzina la waterway uyu anapereka Scot Gordon, amene anali membala wa maulendowa Dutch. Komabe, sizikutanthauza mtundu wa madzi ake. Mtsinje Orange dzina lake kupitirizabe mafumu kulamulira kwa Netherlands mu zaka - Orange. Komabe, English kalembedwe mayina dynastic (Orange), ndipo Dutch (Oranj) amasonyeza ngakhale lalanje. Translator, kumasulira Dzina la mtsinje chinenero cha Chirasha si anafotokoza mu chingatilimbikitse mfundo Scot, kuti mtsinje, nakhala Orange. Cholakwika kalekale kumvetsa koma anthu olankhula Chirasha ntchito dzina la mtsinje African, panali masamu, ndakatulo, ndipo ngakhale zojambula sakutchula dzina la mtsinje uwu. Choncho ndinayamba dzina lovomerezeka sanatero.

mtsinje madera

Orange mtsinje Africa - ndi waterway yaitali (monga mmene 1865 km). Ena mtunda ake mtsinjewo malire pakati Namibia ndi mayiko ena. Gwero la Orange Mtsinje ndi ku mapiri a chinjoka, ili m'madera malire a Lesotho ndi South Africa. Ndi akasupe loyamba la mtsinje ili m'mbali mwa Mont-wa-Las pamwamba pa nyanja kuti 3160 mamita Pa nthawi yomweyo mu mapiri umatchedwa mosiyana -. Cinco. Only kudzadza ndi makhwawa madzi, Mtsinje Orange adzakhala kulandira dzina mwachizolowezi. Ndipotu, ndiye amakhala olemera ndithu. Mwa njira, ambiri a otchedwa makhwawa sangathe n'komwe pamene kuwerengetsa okhutira Orange, chifukwa iwo ali nyengo, osaya ndi azidalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mpweya. Chochititsa chidwi chopereka kwa deepness anapanga okha Vaal ndi Caledon - okha (ndi mfundo African) sali mitsinje yaing'ono.

Mapeto kukhala nyanja ya Atlantic, limene mtsinje umayenda mu Orange. Choona chidwi akhoza adaganiziranso kuti malo a mtsinje confluence ndi Atlantic - ". Coast mafupa" kachikumbu chipululu, amene anawamasulira njira

Kwambiri za "thupi" a mtsinje ili mu Namibia, South Africa ndi Lesotho anzathu. Pa mtunda wa makumi makilomita pambuyo inflows kubwezeretsa madzi Orange mmaso, ndi kumpoto chikusefukira. Komabe, kufika malo driest, ndi shallower kwambiri. Mu chirimwe n'kosavuta kuwoloka Ford, ndipo mkaziyo analibe ngakhale zichepetse siketi (osati mpira chobvala pa izo).

Mfundo Mtsinje Orange, kwambiri, akhoza zimachitika nyengo: wokhutira amadalira kwambiri mvula. Ndipo njira kuli umakhala pafupi ndi Kalahari, abwino kwambiri wamphamvu evaporation wa madzi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake Mtsinje Orange mu Africa unnavigable.

mtsinje Nearby

Kumpoto kwa Orange Mtsinje m'zipululu ndi drylands chabe kukatunga madzi awo Nossob Mtsinje, Kuruman, milled ndipo ena mtsinje zina, kupatula aakulu kuposa yemweyo Limpopo, Vaal ndi Orange. Koma koposa zonse, ndi kuumitsa mtsinje bedi, yomwe kukhala mitsinje okha m'nyengo ya mvula, kotero geographers kuwatcha nyengo. N'zosadabwitsa - njira madzi awa umadutsa mmodzi wa aakulu kwambiri zipululu - ndi Kalahari, kumene kulibe malo kutenga chakudya cha mchere. Koma kwa nthawi ya mvula amatha kupulumutsa onse amene amatha kupulumuka mu chipululu.

The mathithi otchuka

Dziko wotchuka African Victoria Falls, omwe ndi waukulu, okongola ndi madzi pa dziko lapansi. Komabe, mmodzi wa waukulu zolakwika lawolawo. Orange Mtsinje akudzitamandira ndi zazikulu kwambiri choonetsedwa, umene uli ku malo osungirako.

Mathithi Augrabis dzina lake Finn dzina Vikar. Dzina chinachake wokoma a m'deralo - ndi Boers - ndipo anadzakhala padziko lonse. Augrabis - mathithi kuposa Victoria, ndi kuchulukitsa kwambiri. Akunja poti madzi kutsitsidwa ku gorge limatuluka kuti mamita 146, ndiponso kuya kuviika ukufika pafupifupi 200 meters.

A mathithi pang'ono odziwika sikovuta kufotokoza kuti: mozungulira Orange ndi Augrabis Kalahari akutambasula mantha, nthawi kuwoloka ngakhale Maulendo okonzeka. Ngakhale mu nthawi yotentha, pamene mtsinje wa Orange akutembenukira pafupifupi mu kwapang'onopang'ono kwambiri, kukhala pafupi ndi m'mphepete kuti amasirira mathithi, chitavulala oopsa chifukwa cha miyala wosakhazikika ndi yoterera. Ndipo chigumula amakhala sakudziwika lonse chigumula m'chigwa cha mtsinje chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi zachiwawa madzi; ngakhale misewu makonzedwe kuwasandutsa utuluke matope matope. Kotero inu mukhoza kumva ndemanga mokalipa makamaka kwa anthu amene anaonera Augrabis ku ndege ndi.

mtsinje

Mtsinje Orange akudyetsedwa makamaka ndi mvula, ndipo chotero "mode wa moyo" mu chigumula ake. Mumapezeka zimachitika kuchokera November kuti mochedwa March, ndi pachimake anafika mu February pakati pakati pa March. limati Local akuyesetsa kuthandiza Orange ndi tributary zake, Vaal kutsitsimutsa dziko ankaonetsetsa. Popeza '66 Mu zaka zapitazo zili ntchito ya dongosolo ulimi, umene uyenera yokutidwa mahekitala oposa 30,000 m'dziko. Akamaliza wakonzedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20, koma mpaka yomanga yomaliza kuwoneka.

Ngakhale Africa ndi dera kwambiri madzi-free mu dziko, ndipo mmenemo pali malo ndi kukongola, ndi mitsinje, ndi mathithi.