Amblyopia: Chithandizo akuluakulu

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matenda ndi dzina otchuka - ". aulesi diso" Izi kudwala ocular, imene ndondomeko nawo diso limodzi la munthu. Odwala amblyopia chepetse zithunzi acuity, umene uli pafupi zosatheka kusintha njira kuwala. Kawirikawiri matenda amakhudza ana a misinkhu yonse, koma angayambe akulu. Ndi kuzindikira mwamsanga ndi kuwonongedwa mofulumira zifukwa zimene chikwiyire matenda, mankhwala mwamsanga. Nthawi zina matenda amblyopia chithandizo akulu kuli kovuta, ngati nthendayo anayamba, ndipo madokotala akuchita ndithu madokotala ananena zawo osauka.

Mu ndondomeko ya ntchito zooneka munthu wathanzi nawo, monga ulamuliro, maso onse. Iwo ntchito zawo chowunikira zithunzi, chithunzi pozindikira za zinthu ozungulira munthu, chimene umadutsa sing'anga kuwala. chifanizo ndi ntchito kumtunda diso ndi ubongo ri chifukwa zinachitikira kwenikweni. Pa nthawi yomweyo munthu wathanzi anakumana zinthu zitatu zofunika kuti uziyenda bwino za chowunikira zithunzi: okwanira chilungamo TV kuwala kwa diso, imaika ndi osiyana pa chifanizirocho diso, komanso yachibadwa ubongo ntchito kuzindikira ndi kufala kwa mudziwe zithunzi.

A amblyopia mankhwala matenda akuluakulu sizingatheke chifukwa nthawi ndipo pali chisokonezo cha chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zinthu zakumwamba. maso wathanzi kapena kuti munthu amaona bwino, ali ndi udindo waukulu, ndipo diso ndi ntchito koipa ndi nthawi ku ndondomeko zithunzi.

Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa matenda, pali zambiri. Malinga chikhalidwe chawo amblyopia, mitundu yake ndi chilangizo ndi izi:

- kuwala kapena refractive, amblyopia, lomwe limapezeka matenda ena mwa makhalidwe kuwala kwa diso. Myopia ndi hyperopia mkulu mlingo wa astigmatism, lalikulu kachulukidwe kusiyana mu mphamvu kuwala kwa maso onse zikubweretsa mtundu wa amblyopia. Kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndi mosavuta kupewedwa ngati nthawi kuyamba chithandizo. Madokotala mankhwala choonetsedwa kuwukonza kuwonongeka pophunzitsa, ndipo refractive amblyopia kusiyiratu.

- amblyopia chiyambi samveka, kumene kumachitika makamaka ana, chifukwa zogwirizana kwambiri zolakwa chathu chofuna cha chilungamo TV kuwala kwa diso. Mtundu wa amblyopia ungapezeke chifukwa ng'ala yotengedwa, corneal choipa ndi chilonda pambuyo maso ake ndi kusintha ena aakulu thupi vitreous. Izi ndi ovuta kwambiri mtundu wa amblyopia, amene ali pafupifupi sachiranso ndi kulosera za zotsatira za mtundu wa matenda ndi zovuta kwa madokotala.

- strabismic amblyopia. Akhudzidwa diso lili ena kupatuka pa mfundo yake fixation amayambitsidwa strabismus kapena nystagmus. matenda amenewa zikuphatikizapo maonekedwe a amblyopia anthu.

- psychogenic amblyopia akuluakulu, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nkhondo zosiyanasiyana chipwirikiti. Chifukwa nkhawa yaikulu amapezeka imfa mwadzidzidzi unilateral kapena amgwirizano la masomphenya. Angagwiritsidwenso limodzi ndi zikamera wa photophobia, siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo la mitundu ndi mithunzi ya maganizo, zina matenda zinchito diso. mawonekedwe amblyopia bwino kuchitiridwa ndi akuchipatala mankhwala m'nthawi yake. Komanso mu nkhani iyi, ophthalmologists amalangiza wodwalayo alandire chithandizo ndi zamaganizo, monga zimayambitsa psychogenic wa amblyopia zimachokera osati mmaso ndipo mu ubongo ubongo wa munthu.

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti wamng'ono wodwala, choncho pali Mwina mkulu wa zabwino mankhwala chifukwa amblyopia ndi matenda, matenda a akulu chikuchitika ovuta kwambiri monga mphamvu kuyamba ntchito diso "waulesi diso" zovuta. Ngati munthu ali mwana anali ndi mavuto masomphenya ndi makolo anaphonya chiyambi cha chitukuko cha kuwala, kapena strabismic amblyopia a samveka maziko mavuto amenewa, matenda salinso amalimbikira mukadzakula. Osaneneka amblyopia umafika mwadzidzidzi ndi mosayembekezeka, ndipo akuluakulu. Childs, nthendayo yoyamba mantha amphamvu maganizo, imbaenda ku "kutali" diso kwa maola angapo, ndi zina kwa miyezi ingapo. Matendawa komanso kutsazikana zokha, momwe izo zinayambira, makamaka ngati wodwala anali atatumizidwa mitsempha ndi zochita thandizo maganizo.

Musanayambe ndi matenda Amblyopia Chithandizo akuluakulu ayenera kuchotsedwa matenda onse tingayambe imfa masomphenya. Ana nthawi zonse umachitikira ndi mankhwala a occlusion ndi, i.e. shutdown wa ndondomeko zithunzi ntchito yapadera yogwira shutter diso. Mu njira imeneyi, madokotala amayesa "kuphunzitsa" ndi "mphamvu" ntchito maso untapped. Patapita zaka kugwira njira ngati kuli kovuta, chifukwa diso sakhala mafoni ndi kuyankha bwino kukonza ndiwofatsa. Amblyopia chiyambi samveka, anaonekera mwana pansi pa zaka zitatu, zitatha zaka 11-12 amakhala sizingasinthe ndi sachiranso. Choncho n'kofunika kuti dokotala ngati mwana, monga wamkulu kuchiza zilizonse amblyopia n'kovuta kwambiri kuposa mwanayo.