Anatipatsa mphamvu konkire, malingana ndi kutentha: ndandanda

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro chofunika kwambiri khalidwe la konkire ndi mphamvu yake. Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa mfundo za boma, ndiye iwo akhoza kupeza zinthu psinjika. Malinga ndi iwo, mphamvu akhoza kukhala wolingana ndi malire a M50-800. Monga mmodzi wa kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito ndi mtundu wa simenti kwa M-500. omanga ambiri akatswiri ndi kutukula payekha kuganizira ndandanda amaika mphamvu zakuthupi. Za iye, ndipo tikambirana pansipa.

Inu, zimenezi kungakhale kothandiza, Chifukwa kuti mungapeze kunja kupyolera ena nthawi pambuyo kuphatikiza njira mukhoza kuyamba ntchito. Ichi ndi chifukwa mpheto kwa pomanga kungabweretse tsegula zomangamanga konkire. Nthawi zambiri molumikizana ndi nkhani ya maziko, zimene ziyenera kusungidwa kwa masiku 28 isanayambe yomanga mpanda.

Ikani mphamvu ya ndandanda

Ikani mphamvu konkire malinga kutentha anatsimikiza ndi Zithunzi chomwe chimayimira nthawi imeneyi. Mu ndondomekoyi, yankho limakhala katundu ntchito, ndiye n'zotheka kuchita mapangidwe wosanjikiza kuwamaliza. Ndandanda akuchiritsa - nthawi ino chimene chili chofunika kukwaniritsa kufunika konkire mphamvu mfundo. Ngati muli ndi matenda wabwinobwino, zikuchokera udzacha mu masiku 28.

Patangotha masiku 5, mukhoza kusunga akuchiritsa ambiri mofulumira. Patapita nthawi zimenezi zili ukufika 70 peresenti mphamvu. ntchito wotsatira ayenera anapitiriza pokhapokha masiku 28, chifukwa ndiye yekha chuma lidzafika 100 peresenti mlingo wa chitetezo.

Oipa ndipo anapereka mphamvu konkire zimachitika mosiyana kwa nkhani iliyonse payekha. Pofuna kudziwa nthawi, ikuchitika mayesero pa zitsanzo. The yofunda monolithic yomanga nyumba chopezera katundu akadakwanitsira wa zikuchokera akutsatiridwa ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, chuma anakhalabe mu formwork, ndipo zotsala kwa zipse pambuyo kuchotsa mipanda. Anatipatsa mphamvu konkire, malingana ndi kutentha zidzachitika pa nthawi zosiyana nthawi. Izi anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti ntchito akhoza imachitika pa nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, kukwaniritsa kalasi mphamvu zoyenera kupereka Kutentha ndi simenti kumatira zakuthupi. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchepa kutentha kubweza ndondomeko polymerization.

Ayamikira kuti imathandizira

Kuti imathandizira akuchiritsa ndi kuchepetsa nthawi ukhala cha chuma, m'pofunika ntchito peskobeton, mmene madzi otsika polimbikitsa chiŵerengero. Ngati chiŵerengero iyi ya 1 mpaka 4, nthawi adzakhala wothinikizidwa kawiri. Pofuna kukwaniritsa bwino choncho, zikuchokera ayenera lowonjezera ndi plasticizers. Kuchepetsa nthawi ya kusasitsa zakuthupi ndi kungakhale chongopeka ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha.

The kudalira pa mlingo wa akuchiritsa zizindikiro zinthu kutentha

Anatipatsa mphamvu konkire, malingana ndi kutentha kwa zinthu zidzachitika mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani kalasi konkire mu osiyanasiyana M-200 ndi M-300, amene watseka pa simenti Portland ndi zizindikiro mu osiyanasiyana M-400 ndipo M-500. Masana zinthu ataonera compressive mphamvu peresenti atatu, ngati kutentha ndi wofanana -3 ° C. Pansi zinthu zimene osakaniza adzakhala ndi kutentha pa +30 ° C, mphamvu patsiku adzakhala 35%.

Pa tsiku atatu mphamvu ukufika 8% ngati kutentha chuma udzakhala wofanana -3 ° C. 60% mphamvu chikwaniritsidwa pamene kutentha +30 ° C kwa nthawi imodzimodzi yomweyo. Ngati kutentha chuma udzakhala wofanana +5 ° C kwa masiku 28, mphamvu ya chuma udzakhala 77%. mphamvu mtheradi chikwaniritsidwa m'masiku 14, ngati kutentha zakuthupi ndi wofanana +30 ° C.

kulamulira ndondomeko

Zogwiritsira mphamvu konkire malinga kutentha anali zidawala. Komabe, nkofunika kutsatira ndondomeko mu sabata loyamba. Activities umalimbana kupereka zinthu kwa kukhudzana ndi choonetsedwa monga:

• magetsi magetsi;
• hydration;
• kusunga chinyezi chotchinga zipangizo kutentha chimateteza;
• Kutentha kutentha mfuti.

Muyenera kulabadira wetting padziko. sabata imodzi akatha kapangidwe zikuchokera akhoza yodzaza, ichi ndi choona ngati kutentha mpweya ndi wofanana 25-30 ° C.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa magawo kuchiritsa

Chodziwa konkire anatsanulira zikuchitika chifukwa tsiku loyamba pambuyo kukonzekera. womanga Private kwenikweni kudziwa kudalira pa mndandanda wa mphamvu konkire pa kutentha mpweya. Mwachitsanzo, mu nyengo yofunda, pamene kutentha kunja ndi mkati 20 ° C, kulanda zidzachitika patangotha maola. ndondomeko adzayamba mu maola angapo, n'kulemba n'kofunika kuchita pambuyo zigawo kugwirizana, ndipo anamaliza pambuyo 3.

nthawi yozizira

Pamene nyengo yozizira kuyamba ndi kutha kwa kolowera ndi ankatembenukira. Kuti timvetse kuposa tsiku udzakhala wokwanira. Ngati kutentha pa ziro, ndiye ndondomeko adzayamba pa maola osachepera 6 pambuyo kusakaniza. Izi zikachitika, pamafunika maola 20, kuwerengetsa lidzayamba pambuyo pa njira adzakhala formwork lapansi. Pa otentha tsiku nthawi yafupika. Izi zikusonyeza kuti nthawi zina atakhala muyenera mphindi 10.

Yafupika kukhuthala njira

Iwe uyenera kuti ankaphunzira mu akulembedwa mphamvu konkire, malingana ndi kutentha. Nkofunika kudziwa komanso kuchepetsa kukhuthala. Mu sitepe yoyamba osakaniza adzakhala nawobe kuyenda. Panthawi imeneyi, zimakhudza makina akhoza amagwiritsa ntchito pa nkhaniyo ndiponso kumanga chomwe akadali zotheka kuumba. Kuwonjezera kuchiritsa sitepe akhoza thixotropy, zimene zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kukhuthala pamene kupereka kanthu makina.

Chitsanzo chabwino adzakhala njira, analimbikitsa mu chosakanizira konkire. Nthawi imeneyi, yankho adzatsala yaitali mu gawo loyamba. Koma ayenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti ambiri mwa njira chifukwa inasinthiratu mu njira, amene zingathe kusokoneza khalidwe la konkire idawumitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mwamsanga kupita pa "chidindo" m'chilimwe.

siteji oipa

Zogwiritsira mphamvu konkire, muzikhala ndi nthawi imene limafotokoza nkhani akuyamba pambuyo atakhala. Zimenezi akadali osati ndi zaka zochepa. Koma pambuyo masabata 4, mukhoza amaonetsera mtundu konkire. Mphamvu zakuthupi adzakhala alemba ntchito imathamanga osiyana. Mphamvu pazipita ndondomeko zimenezi zidzachitika pa masiku 7. M'nthawi ya masiku atatu m'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino, mphamvu ukufika 30% ya mtengo wa mpesa. Pa milungu iwiri yoyambirira ya njira kufika pa 70% mphamvu ya mtengo ananena. Patapita miyezi 3 njirayi zingawonjezere ndi 20%, pambuyo njira pang'onopang'ono, koma sanasiye. 3, index kukwera nthawi 2.

Komanso, zotsatira za yozungulira kutentha pa nkhani oipa

Ikani mphamvu konkire, makamaka, ndi Zithunzi zimene zafotokozedwa m'nkhani amadalira kutentha. The yozizira ndi, ndi pang'onopang'ono zingawonjezere mphamvu. Pa otsika kutentha ndondomeko ndi anasiya palimodzi monga amaundana madzi, koma amapereka hydration a simenti lapansi. Ndi kukula kutentha, kuika adzapitiriza. Koma pamene kuchepetsa ndondomeko adzaleka kachiwiri. Ngati alipo modifiers zikuchokera, nthawi oipa yafupika, pamene kutentha pa zomwe zimachitika anaima, yafupika.

Mukhozanso formulations kudya angapezeke kuti angathe angagwirizanitse kuwasindikiza mphamvu konkire pambuyo masabata 2. Popeza kwanyengo ndi kuchepetsa kusasitsa ndondomeko ya chuma, akhoza ankanena kuti pa 40 ° C mpesa mtengo kukufika atapita masiku 7. Choncho, kutsanulira konkire ayenera kuchitidwa mu nyengo otentha. M'nyengo yozizira kuonetsetsa zinthu zachilendo amafuna Kutentha cha chuma, ndi paokha kugwira ntchito ngati zimenezi mabvuto, chifukwa zipangizo zina zapadera chofunika. Komanso, yankho anali usavutike 90 ° C ndi pamwamba ndi zosayenela.

Pomaliza

Sankhani ya mphamvu konkire, zinthu muli kuti ankaphunzira musanayambe kugwira ntchito kuchiritsa. Choncho, malinga ndi dongosolo, mudzatha kudziwa, kudzera alionse a nthawi idzachitika anamuvula nyumba monolithic. Kuchotsa formwork angathe kuchitidwa pokhapokha mphamvu ya chuma kuposa 50% ya mtengo wa mpesa.

Chonde dziwani kuti ngati mzati akutsikira m'munsimu +10 ° C, mtengo uwu anafika, ndipo masabata 2 pambuyo potting. Pansi pa zikhalidwe izi m'pofunika kuganizira za njira mkangano. Zolimbana nthawi otetezeka amamasulidwa pa 50 peresenti mphamvu. Ndiye wotuluka ku ntchito zina ndi zotheka pambuyo mtengo wa njira mpesa ukufika 80%.