AS Pushkin a "Mozart ndi Salieri": a mtundu wanyimbo, mwachidule

Tinachita "Mozart ndi Salieri", ndi mtundu wanyimbo amene - tsoka pang'ono, lolembedwa ndi otchuka Russian ndakatulo, wolemba ndi Wolemba wina A. S. Pushkina. wolemba pakati pa nthawi ya kulemba ndi sewero latsopano mu 1826, koma mu nthawi asonyeza moyo wake - pa otchedwa boldins. sewerolo inafalitsidwa mu 1831, pomwepo kuti pakhale umodzi wa nthano kwambiri mbe za Wolemba ndi Salieri anapha bwenzi lake Mozart. Drama lemba anali maziko a libretto ya nyimbo za zisudzo ndi Rimsky-Korsakov, komanso zolembedwa filimu.

lingaliro

The kusewera "Mozart ndi Salieri", ndi mtundu wanyimbo amene amakhala ena kulunjika poyerekeza ndi ntchito zina wolemba, anali okonzeka mu zaka zisanu pamaso kufalitsidwa zidalembedwa umboni wa anzake ndi anthu ena a m'nthawi yake. Koma ndakatulo anaopa zotsutsa boma, kotero musati ndifulumire ndi kulifalitsa. Iye ngakhale anafuna kusindikiza ntchito zake zatsopano mosadziwika kapena kubisa olemba awo kusonyeza amene anawamasulira ntchito yachilendo. Chidutswa kwalembedwa pansi pa mphamvu ya akuluakulu chake choyambacho m'mbiri "Boris Godunov".

Pamene ntchito pa Pushkin ake ankafuna kulemba mndandanda wa masewero nkhani mbiri m'mayiko ena. Ndipo ngati m'nkhani yoyamba, iye anauziridwa ndi ntchito za William Shakespeare, koma nthawi iyi iye anatenga chitsanzo cha sewero la wolemba French Jean Racine, amene adalipo mu mawu a chiyanjano cha chiwembu ndi kalembedwe.

powonekera Features

Imodzi mwa ntchito otchuka Pushkin anali kusewera "Mozart ndi Salieri". Polemba chinenero cha nkhani imeneyi ndi zenizeni kwambiri, monga mbali ya mkombero otchedwa mavuto ang'onoang'ono, amene ngati kulibe mu mabuku, koma yapangidwa ndi wolemba yekha ntchito yatsopano, imene inalipo anayi okha. Mmodzi wa waukulu mbali zimasiyanitsa ntchito polemba chinenero - ndi zosabvuta dala chiwembu. Mu sewero ili - zilembo ziwiri zokha (osati kuwerenga woyimba zeze akhungu amene amapezeka Nthawi ina).

The zikuchokera lonse la sewerolo - ndi monologues ndi dialogues imene koma kwathunthu kuulula khalidwe lawo. Mosamala Kwalamulidwa zamaganizo a m'nkhaniyi ndi osiyana zikuchokera "Mozart ndi Salieri". kusewera mtundu wanyimbo kumatanthauza seclusion ake: kanthu zimachitika ndi danga unazunguliridwa, zomwe zikuoneka kuti owala mithunzi, ndipo anatsindika sewero la mbiri. Pamapeto ntchito m'tsogolo ndithu: ndi intrigue mawu a chiwembu pafupifupi kulibeko. The Vuto lalikulu - chionetsero cha dziko lamkati la ngwazi, kuyesera kufotokoza makhalidwe awo ndi zolinga zawo.

chilankhulo

lophweka, koma pa nthawi yomweyo mawu wolemera losiyana sewero "Mozart ndi Salieri". Pushkin anakana zovuta kusintha zolembalemba agwiritsa ntchito polemba tsoka lake kale pamene anatsanzira Shakespeare. Tsopano anali ndi chidwi zosavuta, chinenero wachisomo wa Racine. Adafuna kuti owerenga (kapena amaonera siteji) sanasokonezedwe ku akamanena za nkhondo ndi atasemphana m'nkhaniyi.

Choncho mwadala mwapang'ono kuchuluka kwa nkhani nafuna kufupika pazipita mu dialogues ndi monologues. Ndithudi, ngwazi ziwiri nthawi imodzi bwino kwambiri kuyambira woyambirira wa chikuoneka bwino, bwinobwino akufotokoza zolinga zawo ndi cholinga cha moyo. Mwinamwake mavuto ang'onoang'ono makamaka yowala matalente woyambitsa kwa kuphweka kuchotsa mu lotanthauzira mawu a. Izi zimakopa sewero owerenga ndi "Mozart ndi Salieri". Pushkin ankafuna kuti apange lingaliro la mikangano Kufikika ngati n'kotheka, choncho kupewa chilichonse chimene zikhoza kusokoneza owerenga. Komabe, si wopanda ena otchulidwa kukongola: oyerekeza kuti olankhulidwa, izo koma melodic phokoso ndipo mwadongosolo kwambiri. Mu ntchito pano chikhalidwe ichi akuwonekera makamaka momveka bwino chifukwa awiri protagonist ake - wolemba, anthu a ntchito nzeru, amene woyengedwa kukoma.

kulowa

Mmodzi wa alembi wotchuka ndi ndakatulo ndi Pushkin. "Mozart ndi Salieri" (lalifupi kusewera zili zimasiyanasiyana kuphweka akuoneka ndi zovuta kumvetsa) - ndi sewero, umene uli osangalatsa zochitikazi ndipo zovuta nkhani yake maganizo. Start akutsegula monologue Salieri, amene alankhula za kudzipereka ndi chikondi chake nyimbo, ndipo anati khama kuti wapanga kuphunzira.

Pa nthawi yomweyo poonetsa nsanje wake (by njira, ndicho chimene ichi chinali chimodzi mwa drafts maina kusewera) kuti Mozart, omwe ndi omasuka ndi virtuosity analemba ntchito za mwapang'ono. The gawo lachiwiri la monologue odzipereka kwa Kuwulura dongosolo lake: wolemba anaganiza poizoni bwenzi lake, motsogozedwa ndi chakuti ndi pachabe kuononga talente awo ndipo sangathe kupeza ntchito bwino.

Nkhani yoyamba ya ngwazi

Ngati palibe ena mu ntchito yochepa akhoza kupereka akuya zokumana maganizo Pushkin. "Mozart ndi Salieri" (lalifupi zili sewerolo ndi umboni yabwino kuti) - ndi duel wapakamwa pakati zilembo ziwiri, zomwe akukumana zofuna zawo ndi zolinga za moyo. Komabe, iwo ayenera kulankhulana ochezeka kwambiri, koma wolemba wapanga zonena zawo kuti aliyense chiganizo zikutsimikizira mmene anthu osiyana, ndi mmene wosadzayanjanika kutsutsana pakati pa awiri. Umapezeka kale kucheza chawo choyamba.

Mutu wa "Mozart ndi Salieri" mwina bwino unaululidwa mu zikamera wa choyamba powonekera kuti nthawi yomweyo atsimikiza mtima mosavuta ndi mwachibadwa. Zimadzetsa ku woyimba zeze wakhungu yemwe amaseweretsa zoipa kapangidwe kake ndi zolakwa woimba ake osauka zosangalatsa. Salieri anakwiya chifukwa chakuti bwenzi amakhala osangalatsa a namatetule wake nyimbo.

Msonkhano wachiwiri wa zilembo

nkhaniyi kwathunthu solidified njira Wolemba poizoni mnzake. Iye akutenga poizoni anapita ku malo odyera kumene adapangana kuti chakudya pamodzi. Awiriwa pali kamodzinso kukambirana kuti potsiriza amaika a ku Korea i. Choncho kanthu laconic onse amasiyana tsoka pang'ono Pushkin a. "Mozart ndi Salieri" - sewero kuti anali nazonso. Izi chachiwiri kukambirana analemba ali pakati penipeni pa nkhaniyo. Madzulo chimenechi akukumana zofuna zawo zofunika ndiponso zolinga zawo.

Mozart ananena kuti inde oona zoyipa ndi mnzake, ngakhale chidwi ndi ganizo ili imabweretsa lingaliro mpaka mapeto. Pankhaniyi, owerenga amaona kuti Mozart wathedwa. Pushkin kotero amanga ntchito yake, kuti sasiya kukayika kulikonse. Iye ali ndi chidwi mu malo oyamba zomwe zinachititsa kuti nkhaniyi.

Chifanizo cha khalidwe waukulu

Tsoka "Mozart ndi Salieri" ndi chidwi mwa mawu a atasemphana maganizo a anthu. Khalidwe loyamba ndi lophweka ndi mwachindunji. Iwo sanabwere mfundo zoti mnzake nsanje. Koma ngati namatetule woona wa luso, ali ndi Luso zachilendo kuti zikusonyeza kuti posachedwapa, icho chiri ndi limatiuza. Mozart limatiuza Salieri nkhani za kasitomala zachilendo, amene analamula Requiem wake, ndipo kuyambira simuzikhalanso.

Kuyambira pamenepo, wolemba ankaganiza kuti iye analemba requiem Misa yokha. Mu nkhani imeneyi mwachidule ndinamverera premonition la chimaliziro chawo zam'tsogolo, ngakhale sazindikira ndi chimodzimodzi momwe izo zimachitika.

Chifanizo cha Salieri

Wolemba Izi M'malo mwake, wofunitsitsa kuchita dongosolo zake zoyipa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka mu zochitika pamene iye ankasewera Mozart ochokera kwa Requiem. Panopa ndi limodzi mwa mphamvu zambiri mu sewerolo. Mu nkhani imeneyi, Mozart kachiwiri Zikuoneka kuti owerenga monga namatetule nyimbo ndi Salieri - monga mwini zoipa. Choncho, wolemba anasonyeza lingaliro lake kuti mfundo ziwirizi ndi yosemphana ndi mzake.

lingaliro

Tinachita "Mozart ndi Salieri" - ichi ndi ntchito kwambiri nzeru zaumunthu mu vuto la mavuto ang'onoang'ono, chifukwa kwathunthu ambiri anasonyeza vuto la nkhondo pakati pa chabwino ndi choipa, zopezeka wolemba kwambiri ndi nsanje wake. Pushkin mwangwiro chikufanana opezeka kutchula maganizo ake: ndi ndendende tsopano, zilandiridwenso woona amakhala m'bwalomo za kulimbana pakati pa mfundo ziwiri zotsutsana. Choncho, nkhaniyi ali ndi tanthauzo existential. Ndipo ngati ntchito zina za kuzungulira pansi kulingalira nawo mokwanira zazikulu chiwembu, chimene chimatichititsa mfundo zikuluzikulu mu sewero ili ndi zosiyana: patsogolo wolemba kuika patsogolo ndi lingaliro nthanthi kuti ntchito pamakhala tanthauzo la moyo, ndi chiwembu n'chofunikira yothandizira, atakhala pa lingaliro la wolemba.