"Bashkiria" National Park. Republic of Bashkortostan: zokopa

paki National "Bashkiria" amadziwika bwalo yopapatiza alendo. Am'deralo akanafuna kuti abwere kuno pa maholide, koma ochokera pafupi ndi kutali kudziko lina makamaka pamene pali kawirikawiri pamene tikufuna. Ndipo zifukwa zomveka. Ndipotu, malo ano ndi ofunika kuti muwonekere kamodzi pa moyo. Bashkortostan Nature kwenikweni wapadera. Pali zambiri kotheka kukumana ndi mitengo relict, ndi nyama ndipo zatsala pang'ono kutha tizilombo osowa.

Nkhaniyi Cholinga timathandiza wowerenga kuti pamalowo chodabwitsa pa mapu la Russia. Kumene, kuganizira Bashkiria nkhokwe, malo osungirako zachilengedwe ndendende ndi Sitinganyalanyaze. Ndipo ndicho za izo, tidzayesetsa kuuza monga mmene mfundo zotheka.

zambiri

"Bashkiria" National Park, tikambirana pano, lili Republic of Bashkortostan, mu South Ural otsetsereka, kumadzulo ya kugawikana manambala Uraltau. Kudera limeneli chimakwirira atatu okha wa utsogoleri zigawo - Meleuz, Kugarchinsky ndi Burzyan.

Director wa malo osungirako "Bashkiria", Ildar Yakupov, - munthu wachibwana, kuchita zonse zimene tingathe ndipo nthawizina kosatheka kwa yokonza ndi kukulitsa wa chinthu zopatsidwa kwa iye.

Reserve mwalamulo anatsegula ndi posachedwapa, September 11, 1986, ndipo lero malire ake ndi 15 midzi, ndi dera paki ndi 92 zikwi mahekitala..

Forest ali wotanganidwa ndi pafupifupi 77 chikwi. Ha, mwachitsanzo 92% ya malo okwana. Malo wokongola kwambiri m'dera limeneli amaonedwa Nugush Mtsinje ndi White, Kutukskoe thirakiti Nugush posungira. Palinso kwambiri misewu chidwi zachilengedwe, zomwe ndithudi ofunika tione aliyense.

Ali malo osungirako "Bashkiria" ndi mmene angakwanitsire cholinga chanu

Tonse kusankha njira chimene tinganene kuti mosavuta ndi omasuka kwambiri. Ngati mwaganiza kukaona malo, pamene ena zigawo za Russia kapena ngodya akumidzi lonse, Kudzaupanga Chophweka njira, kumene lomwenso ndi mpweya.

The ndege yapafupi ndi "Ufa", omwe lero ndege mfundo chosiyana dzikoli.

Ndiye, kuchokera malo amenewa ayenera kupita mu Meleuz kapena Salavat. Izi zikhoza kuchitika basi, imene masamba ku Kumwera Basi Pokwelera kapena ku malo kugula "Iremel". The tikiti mtengo m'ma 260 rubles. Ndiye muli kusamukira ku pabasi p. Nugush. Okwana apaulendo msewu amatenga maola 1-2.

History ndi chifukwa kukhazikitsidwa

National Park "Bashkiria" analengedwa ndi cholinga yotsimikizika - kusunga wapadera zachilengedwe zovuta, amene si chinthu cha mtengo zachilengedwe ndi mbiri yakale, koma mwangwiro zokongoletsa. M'gawo limeneli monga yabwino ophatikizana (ndi lero kupitiriza pamodzi) mitunda chikhalidwe ndi zachilengedwe, musati ntchito zolinga za maphunziro, kusangalala, chikhalidwe ndi sayansi adzakhala chabe mosinjirira.

Monga ena nkhokwe chikhalidwe ndipo malo zinyama za dziko, "Bashkortostan" amateteza zina zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, ndi zovuta nkhalango okwera a South Ural.

A mndandanda wa malo awa anayamba kutchedwa pokhapokha pafupifupi zaka 10 pambuyo mapangidwe ake. Mu October 1995, Watsimikiza wapadera wa Boma ya Russian Federation ndi dzina.

mbali Physiographic

Zina m'madera paki ya Republic of Bashkortostan kufalitsa mu otsetsereka kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Urals, ndiponso makamaka kwambiri kumadzulo kwa Ural-matchalitchi anayamba lokwera.

Thandizo dera la zoipa dismembered zigwa za mitsinje. Madzi mawonekedwe kwakuya ndi yopapatiza maphompho nthawi yomweyo. Kuti miyala mtunda Onyamula Zazitali Ayi chodabwitsa unkayenera zamiyala monga chala Mdyerekezi, masinfikisi mphuno bakha neri Al.

Mountain Park Mtsinje kudyetsedwa ndi matalala, mvula ndi pansi. Chidwi ndi zachilendo m'deralo mitsinje - Shulgan, Kutukov, Yuriash, Sumgait. Mu malire chapamwamba, iwo kutha pansi ndipo mofulumira kusuntha pansi miyala ya laimu, motero kupanga caverns.

Nyengo "Bashkortostan" chokhala ndi masiyanidwe kutchulidwa kwa nyengo. Kutentha ambiri July ndi 19.7 ° C, koma nthawi zina adzauka ngakhale kuti + 41º C. M'nyengo yozizira ndi thermometer mu paki zina ayanjane -48º C.

Features wa nyama ndi zomera

Nature Bashkortostan wolemera kwambiri. The zomera m'dera paki Chili ndi maonekedwe a steppe ndi, nayonso, deciduous ndi phiri dambo zomera. M'chigawo chapakati cha "Bashkortostan" timapepala osungidwa kwa nkhalango ndi zambiri mitengo yakale ndipo deadwood. Izi nthawi zambiri amafika m'deralo kukafuna bowa, zipatso ndi lofunika mankhwala.

nyama zonse paki ndi allocated mitundu 15 kawirikawiri ndi pangozi oimira zomera za m'deralo, monga grouse Russian, Cephalanthera rubra, astragalus Clair, slipper dona weniweni wa Iris ndipo ena otsika.

Republic of Bashkortostan m'dera wotchuka pamaso pa malo nyengo ya bulauni chimbalangondo, mphalapala, nkhandwe, amphaka, ermine, mink, kalulu ndi ena. Oposa 30 mitundu ya mbalame kuno ali pangozi. Mwachitsanzo, wakuda abakhawa, kabawi, wakuda dokowe, zapamwamba, Golden Mphungu ndi ena.

Kodi kuyang'ana mu malo oyamba

Ngati ambiri nkhokwe zina zachilengedwe ndi malo zinyama za dziko, "Bashkortostan" ali zodabwitsa ndi wapadera zipilala angapo zachilengedwe ofunika kuona m'deralo osati kokha, komanso ochokera pafupi ndi kutali kudziko lina. Mwachitsanzo, karst mlatho Kuperlya. Mtsinje wa dzina chomwecho kamodzi anatha njira mobisa. Apo iye mosalekeza anapanga njira zake kuwononga kuphanga. Chifukwa, padenga la inawo pafupifupi kwathunthu anakomoka, mbali imodzi ya izo tsedwa mu malo omwewo tsopano akufanana mlatho m'lifupi pang'ono kuposa 1 m.

Mfundo ina chidwi ndi Museum wa Speleology - thirakiti Kutukov-Sumgait. Apa mu malo osiyana pamodzi zigwa mtsinje ndi chodabwitsa m'mapanga, akasupe mankhwala chidwi karst mumphangayo, mlatho wapadera, zimaphala zosiyanasiyana ndipo maenje.

M'mapanga munakwanisa kuona stalactites, stalagmites chodabwitsa, mwapadera kamera, ngale ndi m'mapanga ambiri.

alendo ambiri makamaka anamusilira phanga Sumgait, koma osati chifukwa cha kukongola, komanso chifukwa cha sikelo ya zomangamanga.

Director of "Bashkortostan" National Park ndi kuchita zonse zotheka kuti apulumutse wapadera dera.

Cave Sumgan-Kutukov

Cave-phompho Sumgan-Kutukov ndi zinthu zikuluzikulu ndi pamodzi ndi phanga yaitali Ural anaika panthawi mu sitiroko kutalika 9860 mamita ndi akuya 134 mamita mu buku la M'mimbamo ake -. 350,000 Cu. m.

Ndi Bashkir "Sumgan" amatanthauza "nkhunda" ndi "Kutukov" amatanthauza "chabwino". Nonprofessionals kupeza mu Sumgait-Kutukov ndi mabvuto chifukwa izo lili m'dera lakutali pakati pa Nugush-Belsky. Cave pakhomo akuimira ofukula kwambiri phompho 116 m, ndi palokha kamodzi tichipeza tiers atatu. Pa ledges mu mpanda wa anga yozizira ayezi amaundana zotupa, amene pafupifupi konse musati kusungunula pamaso chilimwe. Chifukwa cha kugumuka ayezi pali ngozi zina cavers.

Mavuto pano, mwatsoka, zachitika mobwerezabwereza.

Mu imodzi ya ndime wa nthumbi kamodzi chinapezeka mafupa a ng'ombe, kotero iye anapatsidwa dzina la "Cow Inde." Atayendetsa pa izo zina, sitingathe koma kuona zomwe zikuchitika. Miyeso ya grottoes munthu ndi chidwi kutalika kwa ena 20 m.

Msonkhano - yaikulu lonse phangalo, ngakhale ali Everest awo, ndi dongo phiri mamita makumi asanu mu msinkhu. Mu Nyumba ya kanjedza ali ndi malo apadera ochitira zinthu, aliyense akhoza sculpt kanjedza dongo pano ndi kusiya kukumbukira yekha.

Mathithi Kuperlya ndi karst mlatho

Mwina malo osungirako "Bashkiria" zingakhale zochititsa chidwi, ngati mathithi Kuperlya, limene lili pafupi Nugush posungira.

Sam pa ulendo kudutsa gwero miyala Tingaone mu mtsinje Kuperlya. Ndi apa okwera ukufika 100 mamita m'litali mahandiredi ochepa okha meters. Izi basi zikutanthauza kuti malo ndi mathithi chodabwitsa, wobangula mkokomo pansi ku phompho lapansi. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, tisaiwale kuti madzi oyera, ozizira ndi poyela kwambiri.

Pamwamba gorge, basi pamwamba pa mathithi Timaona karst mlatho analengedwa ndi chikhalidwe mu mawonekedwe a yaikulu Chipilala kutalika mamita 20, kutalika kwa mbali mpanda -. 10 mamita Kukwera phiri, aliyense akhoza kusangalala panolamiki akubwera kuchokera mwa p. Nugush ndi mapiri.

Kutengelana chomera wapadera ndi glade

"Bashkortostan" National Park ku mabwalo yopapatiza sayansi imatchedwanso chifukwa cha Nyamuliranani glade, yomwe ndi yofunika botanical chipilala cha chilengedwe. Iwo unalengedwa zaka 30 zapitazo, mu 1985, kuteteza woimira wapadera wa nyama wamba - anyezi oblique, amene ankaona zomera wakale kwambiri.

Tiweramitse oblique ali Urals kum'mwera akutali kwambiri chidina m'deralo. Ndi zomera osatha akufanana munda adyo. Popeza 1985, pano pafupifupi nthawi zonse gulu la akatswiri nawo mu phunziroli ake.