Kerch Fortress ku Crimea - zithunzi ndi ndemanga

Crimea chilumba wotchuka osati kwa nyengo yake yapadera ndi chikhalidwe. Ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zimene ndi zofunika yovuta mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe cha Russia ano ndi anthu amene anali mbali ya Russian Ufumu. Mwa anthu - Linga Kerch. ndi mfundo chidwi kwambiri kuwalitsa mbiri yake chiyani? ndi mwamva la alendo odzacheza malo izi mu Crimea chiyani?

mwachidule

Kerch kulimba, nthawi zina amatchedwa linga Totlebena, ili ku Cape dera limeneli limatchedwa-baka ichidachi mu Kerch Khwalala (gawo yopapatiza kwambiri wa chinthu). Linamangidwa m'nthawi ya 19 ndi mpanda Russian kuteteza malire apanyanja la dzikolo. Pa ntchito yomanga maofesi anayamba nthawi yomweyo pambuyo Crimea nkhondo, ndiponso m'njira zambiri za mwambo wa polojekiti chifukwa zotsatira zake zopanda ya kampeni Russia.

Ngakhale kuti mu mawu a Pangano la Paris, Russia sakanakhala ndi bulu ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri m'dera la Nyanja Black, Alexander II abverana kuti amange dongosolo amene angandithandize kuteteza khwalala ku Nyanja Black pa Nyanja ya Azov. Kwa nthawi yaitali mpanda wolimba ntchito kukhala malo ogona malo ankhondo. Mwachindunji pa malire a nkhondo kunachitika mu nthawi ya Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Today nyumbayi ndi nkhani ya cholowa mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe cha Russia.

Kodi Kerch Linga? mwachidule kuganizira

Kodi Kerch Linga? Mu 1853, Russia anagwirizana Crimea nkhondo. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ndalama akuluakulu koma alephera kukhazikitsa zofunika mmene kulimbitsa Njira ya Kerch Peninsula. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwa zifukwa kulephera (malinga ndi ziyenera wamba mwa mbiri yakale) nkhondo asilikali Russia. Choncho, kuti chitetezo kuthekera kwa Kerch Khwalala chodalirika, akuluakulu a boma anaganiza kumanga linga wamphamvu. Malo mulingo woyenera malo Cape ndi dera limeneli limatchedwa-baka ichidachi asankhidwa kale.

Mu 1856 panali bukuli ya linga tsogolo la Kerch. Inali kuperekedwa ndi General Kaufman. Yomanga unatenga ulamuliro wa msilikali Nat. Mu 1859, ntchito limodzi ndi wotchuka wotsogolera wa Engineering Dipatimenti ya Utumiki wa nkhondo Totleben kudziwika fortifier. Mwina kudziŵika kuti zikamera wa latsopano Russian achitetezo pa Nyanja Black si zotsutsana Pangano la Paris, chimene zochita Russia anali zochepa zokha m'dera ziwalo.

kamangidwe mbali

Kodi maonekedwe a polojekiti anali yodziwika ndi yomanga mpanda wolimba wa Kerch? Choyamba, tisaiwale kuti kutukula ankaona kuti ndi zofunika kuika mtima kuti mdani panyanja ziwiya pakhomo pa Nyanja ya Azov anali pansi nthawi zonse bombardment m'mphepete mwa nyanja zida zankhondo. Linga Kerch anakonza kulimbikitsidwa ndi waukulu linga "Totleben" kum'mwera kwa - kukonza Minsk lunette kumpoto - Vilna. Kuyenera kuti adzaikidwa pa udindo wa mfuti ya linga oposa 500 mfuti. Monga mbali ya analamula anakonza mudzi wa anthu oposa 5 zikwi pakati pawo -. Oposa 1,800 zida zankhondo. Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti m'nyengo Kerch ayenera akhale okonzeka kusamalira yaitali kumbuyo kanthu.

Kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi

The ntchito, chimene anamanga mpanda wolimba wa Kerch, ndipo anavomereza mu 1868. Koma pomanga nyumba ziwiri zoyambirira anayamba m'nyengo yozizira ya 1857. chiwerengero cha zinthu za linga ili pamwamba pansi, anali chabe. M'chipindacho chikugwirizana ndi udindo kumenyana ndi ndime mobisa. kutalika okwana anali makilomita angapo.

Russian Mfumu Alexander II yoyamba kukaona malo mu 1861. Pambuyo anayendera mpanda wolimba Kerch izo analamulidwa, malinga ndi zomwe ulemu wa asilikali amene anapatsidwa ntchito yawo kumanga zomangamanga, lunettes muli dzina bwino - Minsk ndi Vilna Regiment. Nawonso waukulu linga dzina lake polemekeza Totleben.

Ambiri a alendo masiku ano amapatsidwa funso limeneli, akukonzekera kukachezera m'nyengo Kerch: "Kodi yomanga lolondola la zogwirizana?". Kwenikweni, chakuti structural zake zazikulu mchitidwe dzina pambuyo fortifier wotchuka, ndiyo dzina wamba wa chinthu, zomwe zikumveka ngati "linga Totleben". Kapangidwe kuiganizila ndi zambiri amatchedwa: mpanda wolimba mobisa mu Kerch. Chakuti mbali yaikulu ya malowo, monga taonera pamwambapa, ndi pansi.

Mwa zina mfundo yogwiritsa mbiri kuwalitsa mfumu kukaona linga, ndi zotsatirazi: msilikali Nat analimbikitsidwa kuti ambiri aakulu. Mukhoza kuona kuti mu 1863 Alexander II, amene malinga ndi Totleben, anasiya kumanga forts zina, ndipo m'malo kulimbikitsa nyumba alipo. Kenako Major General Nat anakhala mtsogoleri pamene mkulu wa asilikali alipo malo a mzinda wa Kerch. Totleben linga anali kwenikweni kukonzekera 1877.

M'dera la linga linali pafupifupi 250 mahekitala. Mu 1877, pamene ntchito yomanga nyumbayo nditangomaliza, anayamba Chirasha Turkey nkhondo. Kerch linga anali zingakhale wokonzeka zitheke pa nkhondo, komabe izi sizinachitike. Ndi mliri wa Nkhondo mu Kerch Khwalala anamanga minefield. Asilikali a ku kaboma ndi ankamuyembekezera maonekedwe a Nkhondo ya Ottoman. Koma kuti agwirizane nkhondoyo iwo analibe.

Mbiri ya linga m'zaka za m'ma 20

Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, chiwerengero cha asilikali achitetezo chawonjezeka kwambiri - kwa anthu 9 zikwi .. Komabe, mu 1905 kanasinthika udindo wake ndipo anakhala linga-nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Pambuyo odziwika zochitika zandale za 1905 Totleben linga anakhala malo akayidi andale m'ndende. Pa First World nkhondo, komanso nthawi ya zandale zotsatirazi ulimi wa 1917 mpanda wolimba si mtsikana ngati malo a asilikali. Komabe, mu 20s malo anaikidwa pa izo, anavutika ndi kuba. zambiri za m'dziko nyumba lidawonongeka. Kumayambiriro 30 linga ayambanso ntchito Army - Red Army ndi Bulu zimakhudzidwa kuti bungwe malo ake.

Linga mu WWII

Mbiri ya mpanda wolimba wa Kerch ndi umafananirako ku zochitika Wachiwiri World nkhondo. Choncho, mu November 1941, iye anagwidwa ndi asilikali a ku Germany. Pa nkhondo linga chinaperekedwa kwa mabomba udakali shelling ndi zida zankhondo. asilikali Wehrmacht anatha kuthyola motetezera TH 51 ndi makamu Maritime, pambuyo pake, iwo anapita danga opaleshoni mu mchigwa cha Crimea chilumba. asilikali Union anayamba abwerere.

Chosowa lamulo bwino adani anakonzeratu ndi Germany Linga Kerch. Koma patatha mwezi umodzi anayamba Kerch-Feodosiya opareshoni, imene Germany anathamangitsidwa dera la Kerch Peninsula. Nyanja zipolopolo za likungosonyeza lalikulu, amene anaikidwa yosungirako ndi Linga anali yochepa pa kutaya adaniwo, abwerera malo a asilikali Soviet. Komanso, pa nthawi imene asilikali Nazi anagwira nyumbayi, asilikali a Red Army anakwanitsa kuchoka kwambiri kuchuluka kwa materiel, ili pa malo, pa Taman.

M'chaka cha 1942, ku Germany mpweya mphamvu ikuchitika mabomba ikuluikulu ya Kerch. Izi kukakamiza lamulo Soviet kusamutsa mayunitsi kwa mpanda wolimba kwambiri. The vuto patsogolo Crimea anayamba kwa Red Army si njira yabwino - mu May, Ajeremani pafupi kwambiri ndi mzindawo. Front Lamulo anakakamizika kuyambitsa gulu la ogwira ndi kuwonongedwa kwa malo a asilikali. Mu April 1944, asilikali a Soviet anamasula Kerch linga. Nkhondo itatha, iye anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga malo nkhokwe asilikali yosungirako. Komanso munali ndi battalion chilango pa izo.

Nyumbayi lero

Utatha wa USSR mayunitsi asilikali anakhazikika linga Kerch, izo unatha. Izi anali limodzi ndi zosiyanasiyana zochita zowononga nkhokwe asilikali, anaima pa malo. Mu 2000s oyambirira Komabe, Nyumbayi inali m'manja mwa Kerch zakale ndi chikhalidwe Reserve. Zimenezi zinathandiza ofufuza kuyamba ntchito kugwirizana ndi phunziro mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo, kuchita kuchotsa m'gawo lake la zida anagwira pano pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, kupanga maulendo kukawona malo. anthu Kerch ndi alendo anali kupita malo awa lodziwika bwino ndi timudziwe bwino mbiri yake yapadera.

Iwo akhoza kuwona apaulendo amene asankha kukaona nyumbayo? Choyamba, iwo ndithudi kudabwa yekha mfundo zomangamanga, pa chamangidwa ndi mpanda wolimba wa Kerch. Photos Facilities - pansipa.

Chidwi ndi ozungulira linga zinthu zina, monga ngalande ndi kutalika - a dongosolo la 3 Km, m'lifupi - 15 m, kuya -. About 5 mamita adzakhala kufufuza caponiers. Pa gawo la pomanga pali zambiri mavesi mobisa, malo. Kutalika kwa mmodzi wa una wa yomwe imakhala mobisa, ndi pafupifupi 600 m.

malo kuphatikizapo linga Kerch Kodi zina zapadera? Photos of mumphangayo, omwe ali mbali ya kapangidwe zovuta, ndi anapereka m'munsimu - zoyenerera. chinthu lonse mukhoza kuona ndi makhalidwe kwa nthawi yaitali.

Mwina ananena kuti anthu ambiri a nyumba ya mobisa ya linga Kerch akadali osati kwathunthu ankafufuza.

Today mpanda wolimba Kerch, Totleben linga ndi zinthu zina zomwe ndi mbali ya kapangidwe ka nyumba, udindo wa mtengo mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe. Alendo ambiri popita ku Crimea, yesetsani kuno, ulendo wa malo a ulemerero lankhondo la Russia. kuchita apaulendo amene anapita linga Kerch, Fort Totleben chiyani?

wapaulendo Reviews

Alendo anatha kukaona malo awa, anakondwera. chidwi awo onse: m'mbuyomu mbiri ya linga Kerch, nyumba lonse, akatswiri a luso akuyendera pa aliyense wa masamba a dongosolo yomanga. apaulendo ambiri amavomereza kukaona linga linali limodzi la zochitika chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa ulendo ku Crimea. Mwina kudziŵika kuti kukawona maulendo a linga ndi chikuzika osati apaulendo, komanso akatswiri ochokera makampani zokopa alendo. I kwa ziyenera yoyenera ukuonekera monga chidwi cha anthu ndi malo awa, ndi mapulogalamu a zinthu zambiri alendo, yokhudza kudzacheza kwa malo ofunika kwambiri pa mbiri mu Russia.

Momwe kuti malowa?

Chinachake kuti adzakhala chidwi Poyamba apaulendo ambiri amene akonza kukaona malo achitetezo a Kerch - ndondomeko ya nyumbayi. N'zotheka kupeza kuti ndi basi yoyenda №6, amene amapita ku siteshoni basi. Komabe, ndi kuyenda pang'ono wapansi - za theka la ora. Mukhozanso kukhala pa aliyense wa mabasi kuti kuthamanga kudutsa m'mudzi Geroevskoe mu Kerch. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito iliyonse. nthawi zofunika kuchoka pa "Highway wa Zimphona pa Stalingrad" ndi "Sunny". Ndiye inu muyenera kutsatira wapansi kwa Pavlovsk Bay.

Ngati munthu pagalimoto, inu akhoza kuyendetsa pa khwalala kuti misewu ya Zimphona Eltigen Red Hill. Pambuyo - mpukutu n'kupita kwa Tiritakskoy m'deralo. Ndiye muyenera kupitiriza Ordzhonikidze Street kwa DC "Shipwright". Pambuyo - kutembenukira kumtunda Ulyanov. Izo zidzakhala zofunikira kuyendetsa mpingo Woyera Dormition, ndiyeno nkutembenuka kumtunda Zyabreva. Pambuyo - pa msewu gulu Izi zidzapangitsa ku linga la Kerch.

Ena Kuvuta kupititsa patsogolo njira mawerengedwe alendo akukonzekera kukachezera linga la Kerch: nyumba adiresi si mwalamulo olembedwa. The chinthu chachikulu, amene ayenera kutsatira - Cape ndi dera limeneli limatchedwa-matazo. Komabe, mfundo za ndondomeko ya ntchito yomanga angapezeke mu mbiri ndi ofukula zinthu zakale zakale, limene lili mu Kerch pa up. Sverdlov, 7. malo izi mukhoza kulemba kwa ulendo wa m'linga.

Njira ina - kupeza yomanga takisi, umene uli kwambiri zodula, koma monga ulamuliro, mu nkhani iyi, inu kungachititse kuti kulinga pafupi. Zimachitika kuti alendo si mu Kerch ndi mizinda ina ya afuna kukaona malo achitetezo a Kerch. Kodi tifike kwa ilo mu nkhani iyi? Choyamba muyenera kupeza zoona, ku mzinda wa Kerch. Njira yabwino kwambiri kuchita zimenezi - basi amene amapita ku Simferopol.

Zosangalatsa za mpanda wolimba Yenikale

Pamodzi ndi mpanda wolimba wa Kerch mu Crimea, pali zina zambiri zapadera zinthu zakale. Ena mwa iwo zili pa gombe. Mwa anthu - Yenikale m'nyengo Kerch. Bukuli lili ndi zambiri boma la Ufumu wa Ottoman, amene anali ndi Crimea pamaso kusuntha wake mu Russian Ufumu. Ziri Yenikale m'nyengo Kerch inamangidwa 17 mochedwa - m'ma 18. dzina malo anamasuliridwa kuti Turkey monga "Nyumbayi latsopano". Linga ili mwachindunji mmalire a Kerch.

Yenikale anali wokwatibwa ndi Russia, komanso mudzi wa Kerch, kuyambira 1774. Mwina kudziŵika kuti ndi chiyambi cha m'ma 19 nyumbayi pafupifupi anataya phindu mbali ya ntchito ya usilikali. Mu 1835, mpanda wolimba inali ndi chipatala cha asilikali amene ankagwira ntchito mpaka 1880. Pambuyo pake, ntchito yomanga nthawi yaitali mwakhama ntchito. Pa nkhondo imene Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo m'dera la mpanda wolimba Turkey anali kumenyana Soviet Asilikali. Mu 1944 anatha kumasula gawo lolingana kwa mzinda kuchokera ankhondowo German.

mfundo zimene chidwi Tingaone za linga Yenikale? Mwachitsanzo, amadziwika kuti kumanga ake panafika akatswiri ku Italy ndi France. Sichangozi kuti anasankhidwa, monga ofufuza ena amakhulupirira, malo kulinga - kutsogolo kwa nkhumba malovu. chakuti kudutsa zombo ankakanizidwa mwayi akamagwiritsa, ndipo ili pa magombe a zida zankhondo za mosavuta alipo. Monga kumbuyo kwa asilikali Turkey ankatha kugwiritsa ntchito Taman linga.

Yenikale Linga ali ndi mawonekedwe pafupi quadrangle lapansi. Poyamba, kapangidwe ka makoma ake ndi dongosolo lino la mano. linga linali anatsindika mtsinje wa. Kulankhulana ndi mbali yaikulu ya chilumba cha amaperekedwa ndi misewu atatu. The choyamba - kuchokera Kerch, wachiwiri - kuchokera kumbali kumpoto kum'mawa, wachitatu - pa mbali ya Dzhankoy.

Tsopano kudutsa mu gawo la malo ndi njanji - kuchokera Kerch kwa boti. umagwirira ntchito, malinga kuwerengetsera la akatswiri, kungawononge kwambiri kwa linga, amene kale pansi kuwonongeka ndithu mu nkhondo. Choncho, kuyembekezeredwa kuti pambuyo kumanga mlatho yolumikiza dera Krasnodar ndi Crimea, chogwirizana njanji chatsekedwa, ndi kayendedwe ka sitima - mtsogolo kwa thunthu chachikulu.

Ngati tikufuna kukaona Yenikale m'nyengo Kerch, momwe kumupeza? Kapangidwe ili pa mtunda wa 11 Km from siteshoni chapakati basi wa Kerch. Mukhoza kuchikwaniritsa, monga njira, basi yoyenda chimene chimafika kwa basi kwa nyanja boti. Nyumba imeneyi ndi mpanda wolimba wa Kerch ali kutali kwambiri - 15 Km mwa msewu, 10 Km - mwa nyanja. Yenikale lili kum'mawa kwa chigawo chapakati cha Kerch, tinaphunzira pamwamba malo otetezedwa bwino - kum'mwera. nyumba onse zili pa gombe.

Alendo ambiri kusiyana zikusintha mtunda pakati pa zinthu - osati chizindikiro, ndipo iwo amasangalala kuphatikiza kudzacheza kumalo onse mu dongosolo lina. Linga Yenikale ndi Kerch atagona pa gombe, ndi ofanana ndi awiriwo - malo apadera ya cholowa mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe cha Russia. apaulendo ambiri ndemanga pa thematic Intaneti makonde, ndikukhulupirira kuti munthu amene wasankha kufufuza zokopa wa Kerch Peninsula, m'pofunika kukaona m'malinga onse.