Belarus, Zhirovichi. Monastery ya Holy Assumption

Pali mipingo yambiri, mipingo, nyumba za amonke ku Belarus. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi chimodzi mwa ma shrine a Orthodox olemekezeka kwambiri padziko lapansi, omwe ali ndi mbiri yakale. Tidzaphunziranso zambiri za nkhaniyi.

Chithunzi chochepa

Pafupifupi zaka mazana asanu Nyumba Yopatulika Yopereka Malo Oyera ku Zhirovichi imatumikira anthu. Ndipo moyo wake unayamba ndi chithunzi chachikulu. Pa chifukwa ichi, pali nthano.

Kuwoneka kwa kachisi ndiko chifukwa cha chodabwitsa chochitika. Kalekale (mu 1494). Kenaka abusa, omwe adadyetsa gulu la mbuye wao Alexander Soltan, adayendayenda m'nkhalangomo. Tinayima pamtengo wamtchire wamtchire. Mwadzidzidzi, pakati pa nthambi, panali kuwala. Icho chinali chithunzi chomwe chinapachikidwa pamtengo pomwepo. Ndikumverera kwanjenjemera iwo anachotsa fanolo. Wadza naye kwa mwiniwake. Anatsala pang'ono kuwapukuta abusa, sanakhulupirire nkhaniyi. Osayanjanitsika achotsani zomwe mwapeza mu chifuwa. Ndipo madzulo, phwando ndi alendo anga, ndinakumbukira. Anasankha kusonyeza izo. Ndinapita m'chipinda kuti ndikachotse, koma panalibe chithunzi pomwepo.

M'mawa anauza abusa kuti apite ku nkhalango, kumalo omwewo. Iwo anabwera, anayang'ana mmbuyo. Chizindikirocho chinapachikidwa mofanana, pamtengo womwewo - zonse mu kuwala kwa kuwala. Anamutenga antchito ake, anabwezera mnyamata. Ndipo kokha iye ankakhulupirira mu chozizwitsa ichi cha Mulungu. Anatenga kachisi wochititsa chidwi ndi ulemu waukulu ndikupita kumalo kumene anapezeka. Kupemphera, ine ndinalonjeza Ambuye kuti apa, mu Zhirovichi, kachisi adzamangidwa, ndipo adzamupatsa iye dzina kulemekeza Theotokos Wopatulikitsa.

Kwa chifaniziro chozizwitsa (Amayi a Mulungu) anayamba kubwera anthu omwe ankafuna kutsogolera moyo wamtendere. Kotero panali nyumba ya amonke.

Simunatseke

Mu 1520, tchalitchi chomwe chinamangidwa ndi nyumba yachimuna ndi yoyandikana nayo chinawononga moto. Mu moto, anthu amaganiza, chithunzichi chinachokanso. Komabe, posakhalitsa anapezeka. Ndipo ndani? Ana omwe ankasewera pafupi ndi mphepo.

Kamodzi (1613), tchalitchi chatsopano cha Uspensky chinaperekedwa kwa amonke a Basilian (Akatolika). Iwo anamanga tchalitchi cha miyala ndi nyumba ya amodzi yofanana. Nyumbazi zakhalapo mpaka lero, koma ndi kusintha pang'ono. Ndipo mu 1839 ndi chilolezo cha Emperor Nicholas I nyumba yonse ya amonke inalowa mu Orthodoxy.

Ndizodabwitsa kuti panthaŵi ya Soviets sizinali zotsekedwa chabe, izo zinkaphatikizapo seminare yaumulungu. Apa, ansembe amtsogolo adaphunzitsidwa.

Machiritso a moyo ndi thupi

Olemba mbiriwo analemba mwatsatanetsatane mbiri yonse ya nyumba ya amonke. Musaphonye, ndithudi, ndi zochitika zambiri zochiritsa mozizwitsa za anthu kuchokera ku matenda akuluakulu mothandizidwa ndi chithunzi chozizwitsa chomwe chili ku Zhirovichi. Siye yekha amene amamuchitira, koma moyo wake. Anathandizidwa kupeza njira yochotsera zovuta pamoyo.

Osati anthu wamba chabe anabwera ku Zhirovichi. Nyumba ya amonke idaonanso mafumu a Commonwealth ya Polish-Lithuanian, ena apamwamba. Ndipo pa Phwando la Kupempherera kokha m'zaka za m'ma XIX apo panafika zambiri, nthawi zina anthu opitirira 30,000 ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Chowonadi chodziwikiratu: chithunzichi chisanafike (chomwe chimatchedwa "Mayi wa Mulungu wa Zhirovich"), mutu wa Orthodox sunali wokha womwe ukugwada. Mu nyumba ya amonke ku Roma, yomwe ili yoyendetsedwa ndi Basilian, pali kopi yake. Mzinda waukulu wa Italy ndi wolemekezeka kwambiri.

"Tiyenera kupita kumudzi wa Zhirovichi. Nyumba ya amonke iyenera ndithu kuyendera "- zolinga zoterezi zikukumangidwa ndi anthu ambiri. Amagonjetsa mazana kapena ngakhale makilomita zikwi zambiri kuti aweramitse mitu yawo isanafike chithunzi chozizwitsa, kumwa madzi kuchokera ku kasupe ndikupempha amayi a Mulungu kuti achiritse ku matenda.

Mitundu itatu ya zomangamanga

Akatswiri a mbiri yakale adzatsimikizira kuti nyumba ya amonkeyi (Zhirovichi, Belarus) inadziwika kwambiri ndipo ikulemera m'zaka za zana la XVII. Ndipo wolemekezeka monga Katolika ku Poland, mumzinda wa Częstochowa. Iye ali ndi chithunzi chake cha Amayi a Mulungu ndipo ali wotchuka chifukwa cha izo. Nyumba ya amonkeyi inakhala chikumbutso cha mbiri yakale ndi chizindikiro cha mgwirizano wa dziko la Poland.

Koma Zhirovich inamangidwa m'zaka za XVII ndi XVIII. Choncho, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuchokera kumalo opangidwa ndi zomangamanga. Pambuyo pake, zimaphatikizapo mafashoni ngati rococo, baroque ndi classicism. Zonsezi zikuphatikizapo mbali zingapo: Cathedral (Holy Assumption) - kamodzi, mipingo ya Mtanda ndi Epiphany Church - ziwiri, belu-nsanja - zitatu.

Kumadera komweko kuli masukulu (seminary, theological academy). Onjezerani nyumba zogona, nyumba zamapulasitiki, ziwonetsero, etc. Mzinda wonse! Ndipo patapita nthaŵi, mudziwu unakulira pafupi.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti amonkewa tsopano akutsitsimutsa Old Zhirovichi - mudzi womwe mwini nyumba Solomo anam'tchula kwa nthawi yaitali.

Usiku womwewo m'malo oyera

Pamene woyendayenda adayamba kulembedwa kwambiri, anamanga Nyumba ya Pilgrim kwa iwo. Ndi mamita 500 kuchokera ku nyumba ya amonke. Apa anthu amatha kupuma ndikugona usiku. Ingofunika kuti muzilemba malo pasadakhale. Ndipo akazi amaikidwa mmenemo, ndipo amuna amaikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana (m'madera a nyumba ya amonke). Inde, awa si mahoteli, monga ife tinkakonda kumvetsa iwo. Muyenera kukhala ndi tsiku limodzi kapena awiri opanda zokhazikika. Nyumbayi ili ndi zipinda zitatu, zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi khumi. Palibe zowonjezera mwa iwo, zokhazokha zokhazokha.

Tsegulani kwa alendo ndi refectory. Chilichonse chophika mmenemo ndi chokoma kwambiri komanso chothandiza. Zomera zambiri zimakula ndi amonke m'minda yawo. Zowonongeka zimaperekedwa, koma zotsika mtengo. Palibe zakudya zakudya kuno.

Mwachidule, chirichonse chiri chokongola: malo olamulira a Zhirovichi omwe, nyumba ya amonke. Zithunzi zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi zikutsimikizira izi.

Pali chinachake choti muwone

Choyamba, Uspensky Cathedral imakoka. Nkhani ya kusintha kwake ndi yachilendo. Pambuyo pake, poyamba tchalitchichi chinamangidwa mu chikhalidwe cha Baroque. Mapeto a ntchito anali mu 1650. Pa facade anali ndi nsanja ziwiri zokongola. Pambuyo pake, kale kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, kumangidwanso. Ndipo mu maonekedwe a tchalitchichi adawonjezeranso zida zina - chikhalidwe. Zisokonezo zinasokonezeka, zokongoletsedwazo zinasinthidwa. Iwo anasintha mofanana ndi dome, drum kuwala. Zojambulazo zidasankhidwa kukongoletsa ndi zipilala ndi pilasters. Anatha ndi kayendedwe ka katatu kakang'ono ka zoyenda. Kokha mkati mwa kachisi kunalibe Baroque.

Pansi pa Chedral ya Holy Dormition pali kasupe wamachiritso. Malingana ndi nthano yakale, iye anajambula pamene chithunzi chinapezeka apa. Kachisi (choyamba chomwe chinawotchedwa mmbuyo) chinali chopangidwa mwapadera pafupi ndi malo ano. Tsopano kusungidwa kwa guwa lake kukudziwika ndi mtanda wawung'ono wa matabwa. Izi ndizimene chizindikiro chodabwitsa chinaonekera kwa anthu. Zonsezi ndizofunika kuziwona ndi maso anu.

Maulendo apadera

Popeza chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akufuna kudzachezera kuno, chaka chilichonse, zonse zikuwonjezeka, ulendo waulendo unayendetsedwa. Pitani ku Zhirovichi, nyumba ya amonke kuti muwone ngati chophimba cha zomangamanga ndikugwirizanitsa ndi malo opatulika omwe akufunira ambiri. Ulendo womwewo unayamba kuphatikizapo makampani awo oyendetsa ndege komanso maulendo oyendayenda. Ndipo iwo anawona kuti njira yopita kumudzi wa Zhirovichi (nyumba ya amonke) inali yotchuka kwambiri. Kuchita nawo chidwi kumabweretsa mayankho achidwi. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akufuna kudza kuno sichinayambebe. Amayenda kuchokera kumadera onse a dzikoli. Alendo ambiri amachokera ku mayiko akunja.

Mukhoza kutenga ulendo umenewu nokha. Amene ali ndi galimoto si vuto konse. Ndipo ena amalumikizana m'magulu, makampani, ndi kukwera mabasi ang'onoang'ono.

Mfundo yomalizira ikudziwika: Zhirovichi (nyumba ya amonke). Tingafike bwanji, tidzanena. Adilesi yeniyeni ndi iyi: Belarus, Grodno dera, Slonim. Mudzi wokha uli makilomita 11 kuchokera ku chigawo. Adilesi yeniyeni: Sobornaya Street, 57.

Inu munabwera pa sitima kupita ku Grodno. Palibe njira zenizeni zamabasi zopita ku Zhirovichi. Ndikofunika kuti mufike ku Slonim poyamba. Pakapita nthawi maola awiri (ndikofunikira kuchoka molawirira, nthawi ya 7 koloko). Ndipo kuchokera ku chigawo kupita ku mabasi omwe mukufunayo mumayenda nthawi zambiri. Ulendo wonse umatenga theka la ora.

Malo Opatulika

Kuwonjezera pa kuyendera dera lamapiri, pitani ku akasupe oyera. Pali atatu okhawo apa. Komabe, alendo awiri okha ndi otseguka, monga mmodzi ali pansi pa guwa. Ndipo olemekezeka okha ali ndi ufulu woti apite kumeneko. Koma chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndicho chitsime chomwe chinapanga njira kuchokera pansi pa mizu ya peyala, pomwe chithunzi chodabwitsa chinaonekera!

Ndipo mphindi ina. Zitsime zonsezo zili kutali kwambiri ndi nyumba ya amonke. Koma iwo amatchedwa: Far ndi Near. Yoyamba pafupi zaka mazana awiri. Kwa izo nkofunikira kupita molunjika mumsewu wapakati wa kuthetsa. Pafupi ndi izo, ndipo m'chilimwe, kutentha kwambiri, nthawizonse kumakhala kozizira. Imapangidwa ndi mitengo yayitali ndi korona wandiweyani wozungulira gwero. Palinso dziwe losambira apa.

Ndi gwero lomwelo (linapatulidwa zaka 9 zapitazo), msewu umatsogolera ku tauni ya Ivatsevichi. Pali malo osambiramo a amuna ndi akazi. Ndizosavuta, makamaka kwa omwe adabwera kumagulu a alendo. Amanena kuti m'nyengo yozizira anthu samalowa m'madzi, kuzizira. Koma olimbika kwambiri chifukwa cha kudzidziwitsa okha ndi kachisi uyu ndi thanzi lawo adakali akulowa muzithunzi zakuda.

Gwiritsani chozizwitsa

Nyumba ya amonke ndi yaikulu. Ulendowu wonse umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Uku ndi kuyendera kwa Katolika ku Holy Dormition, ndipo Mpingo wa St. Nicholas unayang'anitsitsa. Komanso, ndi Yavlenskaya, komanso Krestovozdvizhenskaya ndi Georgievskaya. Ndizosangalatsa kukwera phiri, kuyang'ana mu nyumba za maseminare akale ndi atsopano. Ndipo, ndithudi, mu refectory. Chinthu chachikulu chimene iwo abwera pano ndi kugwira kachisi wamkulu, Chithunzi cha Zhirovich cha Amayi a Mulungu. Mwa njira, ndizochepa zozizwitsa. Chili chonse ndi kanjedza.

Kuyeneranso kuyang'ana pa mwala womwe umasunga mapazi a Virgin, ndi Uthenga - Zhirovich, wolembedwa pamanja.

Wokongola, kumverera kosabala kumabweretsa nyumba ya amonke ku Zhirovichi. Umboni wa iwo omwe adawachezera ndiwothandiza kuti uwalembe ndi kupanga buku lonse. Zothandiza kwa mbadwa.