Beta-agonists: maonekedwe, zochita mndandanda wa mankhwala

Aliyense mankhwala amatanthauza lina pharmacological. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala ena ndi limagwirira womwewo wa kanthu, zizindikiro ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa. Limodzi la magulu akuluakulu mankhwala - ichi ndi agonists beta-adrenergic. Mankhwalawa ankagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a pathologies kupuma ndipo mtima.

Kodi In-agonists?

Beta-agonists - gulu la zipangizo zachipatala kuti ntchito mankhwala a matenda osiyanasiyana. Mu thupi, amanga kuti maselo yeniyeni ili mu mnofu yosalala ya bronchi, chiberekero, mtima ndi mtima zimakhala. mogwirizana amenewa amayambitsa kukondoweza kwa maselo beta. Chifukwa cha kutsegula njira zosiyanasiyana zokhudza thupi. Pa ankameteramo ubweya wa B-agonists kwa maselo kumapangitsa yopanga n'lakuti tizilombo, monga dopamine ndi zikuwonjezereka masiku ano. dzina lina la mankhwala awa - beta-agonists. Major zotsatira zake - mathamangitsidwe wa kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga magazi ndi kusintha bronchial madutsidwe.

Beta-agonists: kanthu mu thupi

Beta-agonists anawagawa V1- ndi B2-adrenergic agonists. Zolandilira kwa zinthu zimenezi zili mwa ziwalo mkati. Pa kumanga wawo beta-agonists kuyambitsa kutsegula njira zambiri m'thupi. Pali zotsatira izi wa B-agonists:

1. Kuwonjezeka mtima automaticity ndi kusintha madutsidwe.
2. Kuchuluka kugunda kwa mtima.
3. Mathamangitsidwe wa lipolysis. Mu ntchito, B1-agonists kuonekera mu magazi ufulu zidulo mafuta ndiwo mankhwala a azingokhala triglycerides.
4. Kuthamanga magazi. Amenewa ndi chifukwa kukondoweza kwa renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

Kusintha ali mu thupi kumabweretsa ankameteramo ubweya wa agonists B1 zolandilira. Iwo zili mu mnofu mtima, mitsempha, adipose minofu ndi zida juxtaglomerular maselo a impso.

zolandilira B2 zili mu bronchi, chiberekero, chigoba minofu, chapakati mantha dongosolo. Komanso, ndi zotengera mtima ndi magazi. Beta-2-agonists chifukwa zotsatira izi:

1. Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro ya madutsidwe bronchial. Amenewa ndi chifukwa zosangalatsa a minofu yosalala.
2. Mathamangitsidwe wa glycogenolysis mu minofu. Chifukwa minofu chigoba mofulumira ndi zambiri yafupika.
3. The zosangalatsa za myometrium lapansi.
4. Mofulumira glycogenolysis maselo chiwindi. Zimenezi zimabweretsa kuchuluka shuga.
5. Kuchuluka kugunda kwa mtima.

mankhwala Kodi gulu la B-agonists?

Madokotala amakonda kulemba beta-agonists. Mankhwala cha gulu ili pharmacological, ogaŵikana mankhwala lalifupi ndi kusala wotenga. Komanso, mankhwala akutali yekha ndi zotsatira kusankha ziwalo zina. Mankhwala ena zinthu mwachindunji pa V1- ndi V2-maselo. The mankhwala odziwika ku gulu la beta-agonists mankhwala "Salbutamol", "fenoterol", "Dopamine". The agonists ntchito mankhwala a matenda m'mapapo mwanga ndi mtima. Komanso ena mwa iwo ntchito zinthu mosamala kwambiri pachikhalidwe (mankhwala "Dobutamine"). mankhwala zochepa wamba mu gulu ili ntchito mchitidwe matenda.

Gulu la beta-agonists: mitundu ya mankhwala

Beta-agonists - gulu pharmacological, limene lili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha mankhwala. Choncho, iwo anawagawa m'magulu angapo. Gulu B-agonists monga:

1. Non-kusankha beta-adrenergic agonists. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala "ortsiprenalina" ndi "Isoprenaline".
2. Kusankha B1-agonists. Iwo ntchito cardiology ndi chisamaliro Zipatalazo mwakayakaya. Oimira gulu la mankhwala ndi "Dobutamine" ndi "Dopamine".
3. Kusankha beta-2-agonists. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala ntchito matenda a dongosolo kupuma. Nawonso kusankha B2 agonist ogaŵikana mankhwala wotenga nthawi yochepa ndi mankhwala kukhala yaitali zotsatira zokhalitsa. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo mankhwala "fenoterol", "terbutaline" "Salbutamol" ndi "hexoprenaline". Long wotenga mankhwala - mankhwala "Formoterol", "Salmeterol" ndi "indacaterol."

Zikuonetsa In-agonists

Zikuonetsa ntchito B-agonists zimatengera mtundu wa mankhwala. Beta-agonists ali kanthu sanali kusankha tsopano nkomwe ntchito. Kale, iwo anali ntchito pofuna kuchiza mitundu ina ya arrhythmias, akuchuluka mtima conduction, bronchial mphumu. Tsopano madokotala amakonda mankhwala kusankha B-agonists. awo mwayi n'chakuti zotsatira yochepa kwambiri mbali. Komanso, mankhwala kusankha yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, monga kokha kukhudza ziwalo zina.

Zikuonetsa kwa B1-agonists anafuna:

1. Pachimake mtima kulephera.
2. Mantha a etiology iliyonse.
3. Ligwe.
4. Decompensated mtima zopindika.
5. Kawirikawiri - ischemic matenda a mtima digiri kwambiri.

B2-agonists kutumikiridwa mu mphumu bronchial, aakulu obstructive matenda m'mapapo mwanga. Nthawi zambiri mankhwala ntchito mu mawonekedwe a aerosols. Nthawi zina mankhwala "fenoterol" ntchito mchitidwe matenda yobwerera ntchito ndi kuteteza padera. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala chikuyendetsedwera m'nsinga.

Nthawi zina, B-agonists ali contraindicated?

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti gulu mankhwala A beta-agonists ndi chiwerengero cha contraindications ndi zotsatira zake zoyipa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka mu agonists sanali kusankha. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala - .. Kodi chitukuko cha hyperglycemia, nthambi inagwedezeka, matenda mungoli mtima, chapakati mantha dongosolo malemeredwe, etc. Yoyeserera-1 agonists ndi amphamvu mankhwala, choncho ntchito okha milandu Akufunika. Iwo contraindicated odwala ndi mbiri ya kudwala ngati: arrhythmia yamitsempha yamagazi, subaortic stenosis, pheochromocytoma. Komanso, iwo sangathe ntchito ndi tamponade mtima.

B2-agonists ali contraindicated milandu zotsatirazi:

1. Kusagwirizana kwa beta-agonists.
2. Mimba ndi kobvuta ndi magazi, placental abruption, anaopseza padera.
3. Ana osaposa zaka 2.
4. njira yotupa mu myocardium, mtima arrhythmias.
5. Shuga.
6. Kung'ambika stenosis.
7. Oopsa.
8. Pachimake mtima kulephera.
9. Thyrotoxicosis.

Medicament "Salbutamol": malangizo ntchito

Mankhwala "Salbutamol" amatanthauza B2-agonists kanthu kochepa. Izo ntchito mu syndrome cha kutsekeka bronchial. Nthawi zambiri ntchito aerosols kwa Mlingo 1-2 (0.1-0.2 mg). Ana ankakonda kuti inhalation kudzera nebulizer a. Palinso piritsi mawonekedwe a mankhwala. Mlingo wa akulu ndi 6-16 mg wa pa tsiku.

"Salbutamol": mtengo mankhwala

Mankhwala ntchito monga monotherapy mu mphumu wofatsa. Ngati wodwalayo zolimbitsa kwambiri kapena siteji ya matenda, nthawi yaitali mankhwala ntchito (beta-agonists kuleza akuchita). Iwo ndi mankhwala zofunika mphumu bronchial. ntchito mankhwala "Salbutamol" mpumulo mwamsanga matenda breathlessness. Mtengo wa mankhwala ndi ku rubles 50 160 malingana ndi Mlengi ndi mlingo ali vial lapansi.