Chidule cha nkhaniyi: "Mfumukazi Turandot". Karlo Gotstsi nthano "Turandot". The kusewera "Mfumukazi Turandot" (Vakhtangov Theatre)

Chiwembu cha nthano "Mfumukazi Turandot" Karlo Gotstsi anaitenga ku XII m'ma Chiazebajani ndakatulo analemba Persian. Mu 1712, wotchuka Orientalist Petit de A La Croix lofalitsidwa ndi mndandanda wa nkhani Persian, komwe poyamba lofalitsidwa. Kenako zinali pa mndandanda wa nthano "tsiku 1001" ndi "The nduna ya fairies." Ndi m'mabuku Gozzi anatenga nkhani ochuluka za ntchito zake. Kenako m'nkhani owerenga adzapeza mwachidule. "Mfumukazi Turandot" anali wokongola kwambiri chiwembu, kubereka kwa zisudzo ndi zisudzo chuma.

onyada kukongola

Chinese mfumu Altoum akufuna kukwatira kuchokera mwana wake wamkazi - Turandot. Za kukongola kwake ndi lodziwika bwino, koma kwambiri amadziwika kukhulupirirana za kugonana mphamvu. Pokhulupirira kuti anthu onyenga ndipo amalephera chikondi, iye mwamseri analumbira konse zomangira mfundo.

Pofuna kukhumudwitsa chokana bambo ake mwachindunji, akuvomera kudziŵitsa dziko lonse kuti akufunafuna mkwati. Komabe, wodandaulayu dzanja lake ndi mtima ayenera chiyeso - pa msonkhano wa Bedi Mfumukazi anzeru ndi atatu chithunzi. Kuwonjezera, amene sangathe ndikuganiza iwo, kudula mutu wake. Ndipo okhawo amene mayankho atatu zolondola, adzatha zimamufikitsa pansi kanjira. Ngakhale nkhanza mwina mayeso, ku nyumba ya mfumu unaturuka khamu la akalonga, anagwira ndi chikondi yoyaka kwa Turandot. Iye amene wandiona chithunzi ake, muyaya anakapezeka anamulasa ndi muvi Cupid.

Prince ukapolo

Pa nthawi iyi mu oyandikana maufumu tsoka lina zimachitika: Astrakhan mfumu Timur ndi mkazi wake ndi mwana Calaf anathawira ku nyumba yake, anathamangitsa ndi mfumu ina olusa a Khorezm. Yolanda ufumu wa Timur, iye anali malamulo kumupha ndi banja lake.

Akuzunzidwa amalowerera kubisala malo Altoum koma kutsogolera miyoyo iwo alibe achifumu. Prince Calaf zikutengedwa ntchito iliyonse yaing'ono kudzisamalira komanso makolo awo. Pa zipata za Beijing, mwangozi akukumana mphunzitsi wake wakale ndipo akumuuza nkhani chisoni. Akadutsa m'nyumba ya mfumu, Calaf anafunsa munthu akudutsa wa chikondwerero akukonzekera mpanda wake. Koma iye anayankha kuti si phwando losangalatsa. Izi pokonzekera Prince lotsatira chilango si mayankho a mafunso Turandot.

tione wina pa chithunzi cha Mfumukazi Calaf zinali zokwanira ndi kuvutika ndi chikondi yoyaka kwa iye, nayenso, ndipo aganiza kuyesa dzanja lake mu mpikisano wamagazi.

Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Mfumukazi Turandot ndi zinsinsi zake

Oddly anakopa Prince pozungulira, iye anaumirirabe: kapena kalonga zidzakhala za iye, kapena imfa manja ake. Ndipo tsopano iye anali atayima kutsogolo kwake mu holo misonkhano wa Ziyoni. mwana Chinese mfumu anadza ndi ake awiri kapolo atsikana - Zelim ndi Adelmo.

Otsiriza, ngakhale kuti mkulu samaitana yekha, ndiye adzazindikira momwe sender m'nyumba ya bambo ake. Kuyambira anali kukondana ndi mnyamata wina ndipo tsopano poyesa kuyika ndi Turandot Calaf kuti wekha. Zelim koma zikuoneka woyenera zophwanya ena, kapena kuti wolemekezeka zikuoneka kuti ena chisoni Tayang'anani pa iye. Komabe, ndikuganiza masamu onse, Prince Calaf Turandot Anatengedwa aukali. Ukwati mosalephera iye sanali kumwetulira. Powona mavuto a wokondedwa wake, kalonga anapereka vuto latsopano: kupeka dzina lake.

Royal Ukwati chionetsero

Mfumukazi Turandot kakasi. Kodi iye anapeza dzina la chinsinsi munthu, nadzatulukira wopambana wa msampha, chimene iye yekha ndi malo? Adelma malonjezo sioneka kuti amuthandize. Iye amabwera kwa kalonga usiku ndi chinyengo nacho iye anatiuza dzina lake.

Mmawa wotsatira Turandot kuti apambana limasonyeza incognito kalonga. Calaf ndi chisoni ena onse. Kudakonzedweratu kuvomereza imfa, pamene kalonga zamatsenga asandulike imagwera pa chifuwa chake. Likukhalira, nthawi yomweyo anagwa mu chikondi ndi iye, oopa ndekha avomereze. Koma anthu otchuka wa anyamata amene anaika izo. Mfumu Altoum kukondwerera Adelmo analonjeza kuti adzabwerera ku ufumu wake, kuti iye sanali kumverera akumanidwa zinthu zofunikira.

Opera Puccini :. Chidule

"Mfumukazi Turandot" moyo mwachilungamo mphamvu kwa zaka mazana ambiri kuchokera chikuoneka koyamba pa mndandanda wa nkhani Persian. German Wolemba wina Schiller analemba sewero dzina chomwecho. Malinga ndi mwambo chikondi, iye chinakula chifanizo cha wolemekezeka capricious, kutembenuzira sewero lanthabwala mu sewero Karlo Gotstsi. Game kuyamba mdima, koma zithunzi ndi zambiri zovuta ndi momveka bwino.

Mu XIX m'ma Italy Wolemba Dzhakomo Puchchini ntchito Schiller nkhani "Turandot" mmodzi wa masewero a wake wokongola kwambiri. Libretto izo anakwana D. Adami ndi R. Simoni. Iwo penapake kusinthidwa kumasulira nthano ino, lisanduke nyimbo woona kukonda. Adelma dzina lake Liu, mu opera kutha zambiri zomvetsa chisoni.

Turandot, napempha kuti anamutcha dzina la kalonga, anamuopseza imfa Liu, koma iye anaumirirabe. Atafunsidwa chimene amapereka ake mphamvu zomuthandiza, Liu limati: "Chikondi" ndi mpeni yekha ndi lupanga. Anadzidzimuka Turandot amadziwa kuti mu mtima mwake ngati kumverera zozembera. Ndi mapeto sewero la nyimboyi, yomwe chikondwerero chikondi, moyo ndi dzuwa.

Tsekwe Nyimbo ya maestro Chitaliyana

"Mfumukazi Turandot" - zikuluzikulu, womwenso mu ntchito ya alitcha mbuye polemba chinenero chimenechi. Puccini anachoka izo kwa ubwenzi wa chibadidwe zonse zolembedwa chake choyambacho. Ichi ndi chilengedwe chake atsopano, ndi wolemba anali pachangu, mantha kuti sindikhala ndi nthawi kuti adzatsirize. Ndipo kotero kunapezeka - liza "Turandot" ndi wophunzira kwambiri luso la maestro F. Alfano. Kufikira tsopano lino, za zisudzo ndi kuchiika mkonzi wake.

Puccini penapake kusinthidwa nkhani ankanena Gozzi. Mwachitsanzo, kutanthauzira osiyana kwambiri fano ndinalandira Adelma. Anakhala wodzipereka ndi wachikondi Liu, wokonzeka miyoyo yawo chifukwa cha chikondi chenicheni. Puccini sakkumuliroval namatetule wake onse ngati Wolemba kulemba kukongola zidzasintha nyimbo zake. "Tiyeni tulo chimodzi" - chitsanzo chidwi kwambiri pa izo, ndipo kwambiri kufunika mu repertoire oimba ambiri aria.

"Turandot" lero aikidwa pa magawo dziko kuwatsogolera ndi tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri ya Puccini.

Zosangalatsa za opera

A kuyamba wa opera wochitidwa ndi Toscanini. Pakati pa wachitatu kuchita maestro mwadzidzidzi adatchithisira Wand wake, ndi phula nyimbo. Kutembenukira kwa omvetsera, kondakitala ananena kuti izi ndi pamene cholembera wolemba a anasiya athamangadi ake pa pepala music, ndi pamodzi naye ndipo anasiya mtima wake.

Kwa nthawi yaitali sewerolo inaletsedwa kupanga mu China - izo ankakhulupirira kuti ankaimira China si mu kuwala bwino. Mu 1998, Z. Mehta imachitika otsiriza, "Turandot mu City oletsedwa." Statement ya mtengo China $ 15 miliyoni.

Mkonzi Alfano amati zinalephereka, ngakhale kuti ambiri anachita. Pali awiri Mabaibulo: L. Berio (2001) ndi Hao Vella (2008).

fateful kalonga

N'zosadabwitsa kuti izi kunapezeka kuti tsekwe nyimbo za nthano osati wa Wolemba Italy. The kusewera "Mfumukazi Turandot" anali mmodzi wotsiriza amene anapereka pa moyo lalikulu ed wotsogolera Vakhtangov. Izo zinachitika mu 1922 ku situdiyo ya Moscow Art Theatre Chachitatu.

Ndi bwino amaona zabwino repertory lapansi. Nthawi zina pazochitika nyenyezi monga Tsetsiiliya Mansurov, Marianne Vertinskaya Lyudmila Maksakova, Boris Zahava, Aleksey Zhiltsov ndi ena ambiri. Choyamba ankapha zitsulo Tsetsiliya Mansurova (Turandot) ndi Yuriy Zavadsky (Khalaf). The kusewera "Mfumukazi Turandot" anakhala chizindikiro cha Vakhtangov Theatre ndipo anatsimikiza chitukuko ake onse zina. Tikhoza kunena kuti kupanga izi wabereka latsopano zisudzo sukulu, zochokera maganizo Vakhtangov "Theatre-chikondwerero".

Nkhani ya XX atumwi

"Mfumukazi Turandot" (Vakhtangov Theatre) anatsegula zenera osati mu ubale watsopano ed. Choncho, wotsogolera atsatira mfundo zongopeka nditaona, popanda zomwe izo sizikanakhala zotheka zikamera wa mtundu wanyimbo latsopano la zolembalemba nthano ndi waluso lake lenileni E. Schwartz.

Mu chiphunzitso cha Vakhtangov zisudzo sanali kusewera otchulidwa okha, ndi zisudzo za kampani Venetian. Zotsatira zake zinali ngati zidole kukaikira mazira. Mkangano pakati Turandot ndi Adelmo anali kulimbana pakati divas awiri a mtima wa ngwazi amakonda, Calaf. Mwatsoka, monga kutanthauzira pang'onopang'ono anataya ndi akatswiri a oonera aona bwanji osiyana kwambiri wotchedwa "Mfumukazi Turandot".

Vakhtangov Theatre anali malo anapita wa zisudzo mu Moscow, mboni analemba kuti anthu amakondweretsa anakwera pamsana pa mipando. Nditaona monyogodola lemba interludes, dala masewera ndi zina eni yosavuta - zonsezi analenga zikondwerero Pasika pa siteji.

Akupangira ndi allusions

Masks zisudzo akhoza kutanthauzira kwambiri wophiphiritsa. Nzosadabwitsa nyumba nthawizonse anali ngati lakuthwa lathu chikhalidwe. Tiyeni kukumbukira Gogol a "The Inspector General". Mu Soviet Union, pamene lamanja ndikanakhoza kokha kufotokoza chikondi mosadziletsa phwando, monga luso chongoyerekezera yekha ndi zingathandize mbiri akukopeka ndikumatsuka yekha.

Mfumu Altoum openga za mwana wake - vuto lililonse waulemu wachikulire. Koma ayi ulemu wofatsa ndi malamulo m'malo wankhanza m'dziko lake. Bedi wosayankhula anzeru - akuluakulu, amene ayenera kutenga chitsanzo. ntchito yake yaikulu - zonse pamene nodding mu mgwirizano - iwowo akulimbana bwino. M'dziko lowoneka zonse zabwino, aliyense ankamwetulira ndiponso mokoma chanza. Koma kukhala kumeneko omangika ndi kuchita mantha. N'zosadabwitsa kuti ntchito imeneyi inali nthawi imodzi chabe bwino kwabasi.

Kodi mukhoza kukumana Turandot lero?

Mu 1991, zapamwamba zisudzo mphoto unakhazikitsidwa - "Crystal Turandot". Mfundo pochimanga anabwera ndi sewerolo Borisu Belenkomu. Zochita chikalata mfundo mwambo bwaloli anatola Moscow monga ndi chimake cha zisudzo Russian.

Yapadera mphoto imeneyi ndi loweruza wapangidwa wa anthu m'njira iliyonse ndi zisudzo omwe sanali - olemba, ojambula zithunzi, oimba. N'chifukwa chake amatchedwa palokha. zisudzo ambiri otchuka ndipo kwambiri ndi eni "Crystal Turandot": I. Churikov, Oleg Efremov, Oleg Tabakov, Mikhail Ulyanov ndi ena.

The nthano wotchuka Gozzi anasonyeza kuti kuberekana kalekale m'mibadwo yanu. Tikukhulupirira Nkhani imeneyi kwathandiza inu kuphunzira mwachidule. "Mfumukazi Turandot" ndi Puccini, komanso ntchito za dzina lomweli, kodi inu tsopano bwino kwambiri ngati mwaganiza kukaona za zisudzo kapena zisudzo.