Mu Middle Ages, ndipo panthawi ina, anthu mantha azichitira mliri umene unawononga mzinda ndi dziko, chifukwa anali njira imodzi kuthawa: kuthamanga mofulumira, kutali ndi yaitali. Only chipembedzo, miyambo yake yokhudzana ndi chikhulupiriro zingathandize kuthetsa kuopa imfa anakhalabe. kulongosola uku zokhudzana "mliri," mau ake. A phwando pa mliri palibe amene amadzinenera kugwira. Koma panali zithunzi zambiri za "kupambana Imfa."
boldins
Asanakwatiwe mwana bambo ake anamupatsa m'mudzi Kistenovo, ndi ndakatulo anapita kukalumikizana cholowa. Kistenovo - ndi mudzi pafupi Boldin. Iye kungowerengedwa mwezi, nakhala atatu chifukwa cha zotsatira kolera mliri mu Moscow. Pushkin yekha anautcha kuti mliri. Mu Moscow, sipangakhale - mfundo za kwaokha. Ndakatulo kuberekana ntchito, koma udzanyeketsa nkhawa okondedwa amene akhalabe mu "kukhomedwa 'Moscow. Izi zikachitika, wolemba ndakatulo amapanga yekha mawu lomasuliridwa English "Mliri Town" odzipereka m'kati ku London mu 1666-m, ndi mliri, rethinking wokhutira, kulemba nyimbo yakeyi pachiyambi "Phwando pa Mliri", umene tsopano mwachidule anafotokoza nkhani.
Pa msewu. Pa chakudya
Mliri malo anakhalabe madmen yekha. misonkhano yawo pa msewu kwa chakudya chamadzulo limafotokoza Pushkin. Gulu la achinyamata zikubweretsa galasi pokumbukira gay mu Jackson, amene masiku awiri apitawo enlivened kukambirana ambiri ndi nthabwala, ndi witticisms. Tsopano yaima mpando kanthu - wakhala anapulumutsa nthendayo. The wapampando adafotokoza kuti Mary kuimba chinachake chisoni. Iye anaimba nyimbo momvetsa chisoni za malo kamodzi maluwa, amene tsopano ndekha manda. Asakhale kanthu ndipo nthawi kudzadza. Ndipo ngati akadzafera kuimba, akufunsa wokonda naye yocheza ulendo wake omaliza ndi kuchoka ku malo awa, mpaka iwo kusiya matenda. Ndiyeno yekha kukaona mabwinja a mtsikana akufa. The wapampando anayamikira Mariya chifukwa nyimbo ya malo lakwawo, chimene chinaperekedwa kamodzi anachezeredwa ndi mliri, ndi amene adawomba chisoni kudandaula. Kukambirana amatenga Louise. Ndi akulira nyimbo. Koma nthawi ino, kudutsa iwo anakwera ngolo itanyamula akufa. Louise igwera mu chisokonezeko. Mary kumabweretsa ake moyo, ndi Louise ndi dandaulo kuti iye ankaganiza akufa anamuitana iye pamodzi. Ndiye Louise anafotokoza kuti ngolo ndi akufa ali ndi ufulu pochitika kulikonse, ndipo funsani wapampando wa Walsingham kuimba nyimbo achiwawa kuti azioneka pamwamba chikho kuwira. Chimenechi ndicho chiyambi cha mbiri, amene amasimba za Pushkin, chidule chake. A phwando pa mliri akupitiriza.
nyimbo Walsingham
Tcheyamani kwa nthawi yoyamba anatembenuka vesi usiku watha ndipo analenga Mliri nyimbo. A mawu mawu, anaimba ndi kudzoza. Mzere wa nyimbo mu Russia n'kulanda pa zolemba. Ambiri sakudziwa nkomwe pamene iwo amenewa. Pushkin tikudziwa, popanda kuliwerenga, koma Zingakhale zabwino ndi kuwerenga ndi kuganiza. Koma mfundo yaikulu ya izo ndi izi. Pamene izo zifika pa nyengo yozizira, onse kubisala mu nyumba ofunda ndi moto anayatsa ndi zosangalatsa maphwando otentha. Ndipo tsopano mazenera onse kugogoda Tsarina lowopsya - Mliri. Kodi kuthawa izo? Inde, basi monga izo ziriri kwa nyengo - latch, moto chikukupatsani kutsanulira magalasi ndi kuyamba kudya, kukonza mipira. Pankhondo m'mphepete mwa phompho wachisoni ali zosamvetsetseka mkwatulo. Ndipo pa msonkhano ndi mliri amene agonjetsa imfa ndi chiwonongeko, pali kusangalala zachilendo - ndi bated mpweya kuti aone amene apambane Adzagonjetsa. Ndipo chotero kutamanda mliri - sitiopa la manda mdima ndi limodzi mudzaze magalasi ndi phwando. Kulimba, wosakaniza ndi mantha amene ayenera kusintha - Walsingham tanthauzo la nyimbo, chidule chake. Phwando kapena Njala - molimba ndi wosachiritsika chitsutso ikupita akuthovoka onse moyo nkhumba.
Maonekedwe a wansembe
Wansembe nthawi yomweyo, popanda preludes ndi malonje, kuyambira ndi matemberero a anthu atakhala pa tebulo. Iye ananena kuti iwo sakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu, ndi nyimbo zawo - ndi mnyozo, oipa ndi achipongwe a imfa ndi chisoni maliro. "Ndimadana nazo - akupitiriza -. Changu chanu Earth agwedeza kwa amalonda wanu pamanda a akufa iwo musataye okalamba ndi akazi kugonjera kwa kulira pa maliro inu anasamukira ku ziwanda, mochepa, ndi kukukokerani kwa iye ..." Amenewa ulaliki wansembe wa achinyamata, chidule chake. Phwando kapena Njala - mwano, amene akhoza kusakhala kumvetsetsa kapena malongosoledwe. Koma mnyamatayo sanali osokonezeka. Iwo okha kupereka apite. Koma wansembe wogulitsidwa ku dipatimenti, izo sasiya. Iye akupitiriza. Iye anapempha, pokumbukira magazi okhetsedwa a Khristu, onse kumwazikana kupita kwawo, atamaliza maphunziro awo phwando chowopsya. Tcheyamani anatsutsa izo. Iye ananena kuti m'nyumba za onse chisoni ndipo chisoni ndi chimwemwe cha zofuna za unyamata. Wansembe, akusuzumira wokamba anafunsa, "Kodi inu, Walsingham, inu amene analilira mtembo wa amake, ndipo sanathe kugwetsera ndekha pamanda ake? Kodi inu tangoganizani kuti iye samaziwona izo zonse kuchokera kumwamba ndipo alibe kulira zimene simukufuna kumva mawu a oyera? "Koma Walsingham chipongwe. Akulongosola kusimidwa kwake pa maso pa nyumba kanthu. "Monga - adati - kapu zonse adzawonongedwa ndi kuchepetsa kuzunza kusungulumwa Tiyeni khalidwe langa ndi kusayeruzika, koma ine kukhala paphwando, ndi kutemberera amene tituluke pano Ndipo inu, munthu wakale, chokani, mulibe malo pano ..." Koma wansembe amayesetsa rastravit mabala ake, pokumbukira wokondedwa, koma womwalirayo mkazi. Pushkin limafotokoza phwando pa nthendayo. Chidule yafupika kugonjetsa imfa m'njira zitatu. The choyamba - pemphero ndi kudzichepetsa, wachiwiri - pa aiwala, ndi wachitatu - Walsingham nyimbo monga indestructibility mzimu anthu ndi tsoka m'khutu ndi mayesero.
anapezazo
Malo Walsingham zambiri pafupi Pushkin. Walsingham, kumvetsera kwa wansembe, zina ranges mfundo zimenezi, makamaka pamene anakumbukira mkazi wake, amene adamkonda kwambiri. Koma panapita mliri nkhanza. Walsingham chikhalire. Pushkin amapereka ndemanga, chomaliza Nkhani wapampando kwambiri lingaliro. Ichi ndi chidule cha nkhani "The Phwando pa Mliri" ndi A. S. Pushkina.