Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo mu luso: kufotokoza, mfundo chidwi ndi ndemanga

Alexander Nevsky - Munthu wamkulu ndi kalonga, woyenera asilikali mtsogoleri ndi nthumwi, nyemba wauzimu ndi makhalidwe zatenganso mbali yaikulu mu mbiri ya boma Russian. Iye anayamikira, osati ana okha, komanso anthu amene ali pano, ambiri ndiAmene wotchuka kutamandidwa fano lake la zojambulajambula.

Alexander Nevsky: munthu mu mbiriyakale

Aliyense bwino mbiri, amadziwa munthu ngati Alexander Nevsky. Iye anali Grand Prince wa Russia, ndipo wachita kwambiri pa chitukuko cha mphamvu anali kulimba mwauzimu ndipo amadziwika mphamvu yake.

Uzani Kalonga wa moyo angathe kukhala nthawi yaitali, koma ndi bwino kuwatchula onse a maudindo ake, amene adzatiuza aliyense wa iwo: kalonga wa Novgorod, Kalonga wa Kiev, Prince Vladimir, mkulu wa asilikali a Kievan Lazaro ndi Woyera Orthodox.

Kwa '42 moyo wake mu 13 m'ma kalonga anali kwambiri, chotero kwa zaka chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo pa luso matamando ntchito zambiri. Ndipo kuyambira m'nthawi yake mpaka masiku athu.

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo paluso: Mwachidule

Alexander Nevsky ndi bwino kwa aliyense, ndipo dzina lake ndi zonse pa khutu, otchedwa misewu, mabwalo zimakhala ndi St. Petersburg iye woyang'anira woyera. Komabe, si fano ngakhale limodzi kalonga sanabwere masiku ano, ndipo aliyense akuona mosiyana. fano lake limapezeka kalelo mu zosiyanasiyana ntchito zaluso ndi akhoza mwachidule lembani madera:

• Old Russian mabuku.
• Zopeka.
• Zooneka Tirhana.
• Cinema.
• Chosema.

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo mu zosemasema: kufotokoza

Literature, luso ndi iconography, mafilimu a kanema ndi nyimbo, zosemasema ndi zomangamanga - zosiyanasiyana luso, kotero si ofanana ndi mzake. Koma chithunzi chidwi kwenikweni anapeza zonse zinayi, amene ankateteza dzikolo ndi anthu ake, adzionetsere chitsanzo.

Mukhoza kukhala monologue yaitali ndi kuti ndibwereze anthu osiyanasiyana pankhani anali munthu wotani Prince, kufotokoza zimene anachita, monga zambiri chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo mu ntchito za luso anatchula, ndipo n'zotheka uliwonse mtundu payokha kumvetsa kufunika monga wotchuka.

Alexander Nevsky ndi chithunzi

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo mu luso lake limapezeka kulikonse, ndi penti izo analipira kwambiri chidwi. gawo limodzi la wojambula kulenga zithunzi wake ndi otchulidwa nkhondo, ena asankha kukhala nacho chithunzithunzi cha woyera mtima, amene tsopano kuchilemekeza okhulupirira ambiri.

Koyamba kupenta Russian ndiwo mawonekedwe a kakang'ono Ice Nkhondo mu mbiri ya.

Chisamaliro linaperekedwa kwa Grand Duke ndi wotchuka zojambulajambula Nikolay Rerih, popeza olembedwa zojambula angapo Vasnetsov, ndi Corinne Moller ndi Serov kujambula wake wotchuka "kulowa kwa Aleksandra Nevskogo mu Pskov pambuyo Nkhondo pa Ice."

Ambiri aluso ankafotokozedwa Nevsky pa nkhondo ndi nkhondo, kusonyeza wamphamvu ndi wolimba mtima mtsogoleri wa asilikali ake, osati nkhondo ina anali yayenda pansi amene lamulo.

Nevsky ntchito Semiradsky

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo mu luso zithunzi chimaonetsa zojambula GI Semiradsky. Mu 1875, iye monga wophunzira wa Art Academy ku St. Petersburg wapatsidwa ntchitoyo kulenga zojambula anayi wodzipereka kwa St. Aleksandru Nevskomu. Kwa zaka zambiri, iwo atayika, koma mukhoza kuona zina zachidule, zomwe zimatsimikizira moyo wawo mu Russian Museum.

Nzika zithunzi sadasankhidwe ndi wojambula yekha, ndi kukambirana ndi ntchito yapadera, amene amadziŵika zotsatirazi Magawo akuluakulu a moyo wa Grand Duke, pamene kalonga anapita Batu Khan, pamene analandira akazembe, tsiku la imfa yake ndi chozizwitsa zimene zinachitika pa malirowo.

Semiradsky Ngokhoza kulenga zithunzi zochititsa chidwi zimene zaikidwa kufunika kwa mwatsatanetsatane. Pa nsalu zokha ayi ophatikizana luso zopezera sukulu maphunziro, ndi mphamvu ya German oyendetsa wojambula.

Zimalongosola, kumene mkulu kukaonekera pamaso pa omvetsera achinyamata ndiponso amphamvu wolamulira, ndi yosayenera ku kachisi. Chiyero Prince zinali zovuta ndikuganiza, m'nthawi munazindikira izo ndi ngakhale analemba za izo mu manyuzipepala.

Alexander Nevsky ndi chipembedzo

Masiku ano, anthu onse Orthodox Alexander Nevsky ndi woyera amene kupemphera tsiku lirilonse masauzande anthu kupempha thandizo chifukwa cha chozizwitsa. Kale mu 1280 kudali kuti akulemekezedwa ngati woyera, ndipo kenako mkulu anali canonized ndi Mpingo. Alexander Nevsky kumagwirizana ndi chipembedzo, ndipo anasonyeza m'njira zosiyanasiyana luso.

The Order wa St. Aleksandra Nevskogo chinakhazikitsidwa ndi dongosolo la Catherine Ine, ndi Soviet Union unakhazikitsidwa mu 1942, winayo, amene kupereka chifukwa cha kuphunzira mu ntchito ya usilikali.

Pali awiri zithunzi wotchuka, mmodzi amene analengedwa Ivanom Grekovym m'nthawi ya 18.

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo mu luso ndi kuchiika pomanga makachisi m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Russia. Mu Moscow, pa dera la asilikali wagawo mwala woyamba nayikidwa mu 1995 ndi odzipereka ndi Alexy II.

Mu St. Petersburg, mu 1710, nayikidwa mwala woyamba wa Woyera Utatu Alexander Nevsky Lavra, yomanga inatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo pa intervals, inatha yekha mu 1790. Cathedral inamangidwa Petrozavodsk m'zaka za m'ma 19, kuti poyamba unali mpingo pa mbewu, anamanga pa zopereka antchito.

Kodi nthawi yaitali enumerate akachisi, mipingo ndi matchalitchi inamangidwa ndi dzina Aleksandra Nevskogo, koma ponena mzinda, kumene sakhoza kuona malo woyera mtengo: Yaroslavl, Great ndi Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Pskov, Riga, Yalta, Tallinn ndi ena ambiri, kunja Russia.

Pa mafilimu a kanema a

Imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri chikhalidwe, amasunga moyo kukumbukira Prince, angatchedwe mafilimu a kanema. Mu 1938 anaonekera pa zowonetsera kanema "Alexander Nevsky" ndi wotsogolera Sergeya Eyzenshteyna. Iye anali kupereka wa Stalin Prize ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi anthu, uli lero chithunzi chakale cha 30 ntchentche.

Mu 1941, nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itayamba, filimuyi amagwanso yobwereka kwa yokonza mzimu, iye anali kwambiri loti bwino. Mufilimuyi momwe mulinso onse mumaikonda odziwika zisudzo: Nikolai Cherkasov, Nikolai Okhlopkov, Andrei Abrikosov ndi ena.

Nkhani chikuchitika mu 1242. Iwo inatha nkhondo ndi asilikali a Sweden ndi Russia anayamba kuukira asilikali Teutonic. Iwo anamaliza chithunzi cha nkhondo on Lake Peipus.

Chifanizo cha Alexander Nevsky mu luso, kuphatikizapo mu filimu imeneyi ndi lofunika kwambiri. Kalonga kukuonetsedwa ngwazi amene anali nthawizonse akuyesera kuti aziteteza dziko lawo ndi anthu awo.

Zomwe analemba

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo ntchito zosiyanasiyana za luso, kuphatikizapo mabuku Anthu ambiri akutama olemba ndi ndakatulo. Kutchula koyamba mu mabuku anaonekera kuyamika kalonga ano. "The Life of Aleksandra Nevskogo" amatanthauza manda a Russia zakale, limatiuza za zochuluka ndi kulimba Nevsky.

Mu 1977 anafalitsa nkhani zochitika za m'ma 13, pamene Novgorod amaipidwa nkhondo ya ku Germany. Nkhani za tsogolo la munthu wanzeru, mwauzimu ndi olemera, ndi patriot wa Republic Novgorod. Nkhani akutchedwa "Mbuye Novgorod Wamkulu", kwalembedwa DM Balashov.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti alembe buku-trilogy "Alexander Nevsky" ndi wolemba SP Mosiyash. mankhwala limayamba ndi chakuti mzinda anafotokozedwa ndi mphamvu ya Novgorod Wamkulu, kufunika ndi cholinga yolanda m'mayiko ena. Koma Novgorod si adzipereke, chifukwa podziteteza afika kalonga ndi waluso mkulu Nevsky.

nyimbo

Mu 1938, anayamba ntchito olowa motsogoleredwa ndi SERGEY Eyzenshteyna ndi Prokofiev wopeka nyimbo. Ntchito yaikulu ya woimba anali kulenga nyimbo pa munda kanema maganizo awo ndi malingaliro. Nyimbo, wolemba anatha kupereka chithunzi cha ngwazi amene ndinamenya nawo nkhondo aukali, onse pamodzi zachiwerewere ndi zithunzi zithunzi ndi nyimbo ndi zithunzi choral.

Ulaliki wa fano Aleksandra Nevskogo anapangidwa bwino kwambiri pa ntchito Sergeya Prokofeva, amene nyimbo linalembedwa mu mawu a ndakatulo Lugovskogo. Izi zimaonetsera mu ntchito monga cantata "Alexander Nevsky", wopangidwa mwa magawo asanu. Chidutswa lakonzedwa kuti asangalatsi osiyana: soloists, kwaya ndi Banda, malingana ndi mbali ya "Nkhondo pa Ice," "Akufa Field", "Akhristu mu Pskov," etc ...

zipilala mbiri

Chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo m'njira zosiyanasiyana za luso, kuphatikizapo chosema, anasonyeza mwa mapulani ambiri, lero iwo Tingaone onse pa dziko. Yotchuka kwambiri ndi zotsatirazi:

• Chosema cha St. Petersburg, kulengedwa ndi wazomangamanga Valentina Kozenyuka ndipo anaika mu 2002 kutsogolo kwa Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Chipilala zopangidwa pinki lubwe, ndi maonekedwe atakhala pa kavalo, watayika kwa mkuwa.
• Mu 1993, chipilala mu Pskov Nevsky Sokoliha pa phiri, monga izo zinali mu mzinda uno mu 1242, panali kugonjetsedwa kwa Teutonic Knights on Lake Peipus. Mlengi wa fanolo ndi wamanga Iosif Kozlovsky.
• Mu Novgorod ndi chipilala anamangidwa mu 1985 pa padoko lapansi. Pokumbukira za kupambana on Lake Peipsi unachitikira misonkhano mu ulemu kwa mtsogoleri wamkulu. chipilala china mu mzinda pandunji pa mpingo wa Boris ndi Gleb.

Kuwonjezera malowa, pali zipilala Moscow, Rostov pa-Don, Aleksandrov (Vladimir dera), Vladimir ndi Kursk.

Nevsky umunthu ziyenera ndi zotsatira za ulamuliro wake

Alexander Nevsky moyo ndipo analamulira kwa zaka za m'ma 13 lakutali, mmene mfundo zoona kuwafika pano, palibe amene anganene motsimikiza si. Olemba mbiri ya umunthu wake musaike kudzitamandira zabwino bwino, nthawi zina maonekedwe ndi ambiri otsutsa.

Komabe, mu 2008 kalonga ankatchedwa "dzina la Russia," ndipo mu 2016 anakhala woyang'anira woyera wa makamu m'dziko la Chitaganya cha Russia. N'zovuta kutsutsana ndi chakuti chifanizo cha Aleksandra Nevskogo zaluso alipo mu ntchito zambiri kuti anaonekera mu nthawi yosiyana, ulemerero wake, ndi kunena kwambiri.

Komabe, ndemanga ya munthu uyu osati zabwino. Olemba mbiri ena amanena kuti kalonga wachititsa zoipa mpaka kalekale boma, zinachititsa kuti abwenzi Russian dziko Chitata ndi Sartak, amene ali mwana wa Batu, ndi m'bale wake aperekedwa. Koma munthu aliyense anasankhira kukhulupirira, ndi chimene chachitika sizingasinthidwe.