Childhood akuchita misala: zizindikiro ndi mankhwala

matenda a ubongo ndi nthawi zovuta kuyankha chithandizo ndipo anali chinsinsi, ngakhale kwa asayansi. Ngakhale zambiri mankhwala, nthendayo amaona kuti kukhala zovuta matenda amene sangathe mokwanira kufufuza. Zizindikiro za matenda a misala angayambe pa m'badwo uliwonse. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu ana, achinyamata. Mmodzi wa matenda ambiri anakumana kuchita amisala, akukhulupirira akuchita misala.

Mwatsoka, ngakhale kuphunzira yaitali matenda, komabe kumanyoza malongosoledwe. Osati mawonekedwe ana osowa wa akuchita misala. Kulamulira matenda, osachepera pang'ono, ndikofunika oterewa nthawi ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi zamaganizo moyo wonse.

Akuchita misala ana: a ikulongosola za kudwala kwa

Childhood akuchita misala imatengedwa pafupipafupi matenda okhudza ubongo. Nthawi zambiri, kumakhudza pafupifupi 1% odwala achinyamata. Izi zochitika Mkulu zokhudzana chakuti matenda a matenda asanayambe chitukuko cha chithunzi matenda sizingatheke. Komanso, sangathe kulandira zosayembekezereka wa akuchita misala mu utero, makamaka - ndi mbiriyakale wolemetsedwa ndi kudwala izi. M'mbuyomu, matenda anapangidwa pafupifupi aliyense matenda okhudza ubongo, boma lino la mwanayo. Panopa, pali muyezo bwino zomwe matenda. Childhood akuchita misala amatanthauza aakulu pathologies maganizo yodziwika ndi Inde aakulu pang'onopang'ono. Kuchuluka kwa matenda ndi: .. Khalidwe chisokonezo ndi maganizo, kusintha chapansipansi maganizo, matenda hallucinatory, catatonia, zinyengo, etc. Zizindikiro za akuchita misala ubwana angakhale osiyana. Choyamba izo zimatengera mtundu wa kudwala.

Zimayambitsa akuchita misala ana

kwambiri ntchito kafukufuku yakhala ikuchitidwa, cholinga chimene anali kudziwa chifukwa chake pali akuchita misala. mtundu ana a matenda si wosiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe wamkulu wa matenda. Komabe, lili ndi madokotala ananena zawo osauka chifukwa woyambirira. Ngakhale ntchito za asayansi, sikunali kotheka kupeza chifukwa chenicheni cha matenda. Komabe, azamisala zimaloza ku zinthu zingapo zimene azitaya akuchita misala ana. Njirazi ndi monga:

1. mbiri banja la matenda. Nthawi zambiri chikhalidwe cha odwala anali anthu amene ankadwala akuchita misala. Ngozi ya matenda yatsoka ukuwonjezeka osati pamaso pa matenda kwa makolo awo, komanso pakati pa anthu ena a m'banja. Zinawululidwa kuti pali jini wapadera udindo chitukuko cha munthu akuchita misala.
2. mavuto pa Ndisanaumbidwe mu nthawi Share ziwalo. Ndi zinthu sichikupindulitsani monga medicaments, mankhwala, mowa, cheza ionizing, mankhwala. Makamaka oopsa ndi zotsatira mu trimester mimba. Ndithudi, nthawi iyi pali Bookmark ya ubongo.
3. Mochedwa mimba. Kusunga mwana zaka 35 kumaonjezera ngozi ya matenda m'bongo mwa mwana wosabadwayo.
4. matenda aakulu mu amayi apakati.
5. Khalani mu malo ovuta. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti maganizo mantha pa mwana atavala zimakhudza boma la mimba, komanso zikuwononga kumakhudzanso mwana wosabadwayo.

Ngakhale kuti chifukwa enieni sangathe mtima, m'pofunika amayesetsa kuthetsa zinthu zonse chiopsezo.

The pathogenesis wa akuchita misala ubwana

Popeza kuti chinthu etiological molondola si anaika, limagwirira wa akuchita misala silikudziwika, nayenso. Pali kungoganizira, chimene mwina mwina kufotokoza pathogenesis wa matenda okhudza ubongo. Akuchita misala ana ali ndi njira zotsatirazi chitukuko:

1. Hypoxia maselo a mu ubongo pa kusasitsa wa minofu mantha. Izi zikusonyeza kuti akusowa m'dera oxygen. Mmenemo chinapezeka kuti hypoxia anakumana m'madera yokhudza kotekisi wa Chigawo lamanja la ubongo, ndi thalamus, ntchito za kayendetsedwe matenda odwala ndi akuchita misala amygdala, gyrus kanthawi ndi prefrontal m'deralo.
2. Majini kusintha. asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mu pathogenesis wa akuchita misala ubwana akusewera udindo wa masinthidwe anazindikiritsidwa mu lalifupi mkono wa khromozomu 6. Komanso pali zambiri ndi kuyan'anila zina za malamulo opanga khalidwe odwala. Komabe, izi si anthu amapereka mwa maphunziro zikuluzikulu.
3. Kusintha ntchito timene. Mokulirapo inakwaniritsidwa dopamine. Akukhulupirira kuti kufala kwa zikhumbo atamwa mankhwala odwala ndi akuchita misala zolimira. Komanso, kuzindikiridwa kusintha zina. Mwachitsanzo, kuchepa ntchito ya maselo glutamate chifukwa cha ntchito mankhwala ( "Ketamine" mankhwala), chimachititsa chitukuko cha zizindikiro akuchita misala anthu athanzi.

Akukhulupirira kuti pathogenesis matenda zachokera osakaniza zifukwa zingapo. Komabe, kukhazikitsa kugwirizana pakati pa kuwonongeka kwa manyuroni, kusintha silinakwaniritsidwe mkhalapakati ntchito ndi chiphunzitso chibadwa.

Akuchita misala ana

Ana akuchita misala, monga munthu wamkulu, angayambe zosiyanasiyana. mtundu kudwala zikhazikitsidwe mawonetseredwe matenda a matenda. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu imeneyi ya matenda zimachitika ana:

1. Yosalongosoka akuchita misala. zosinthika Izi matenda imatengedwa kuti ndi akumane kwambiri. mawonetseredwe Aika - hebephrenic syndrome. Iwo amakhala ndi chisangalalo opusa, affectation, negativism ndi kubuka kupusa zosangalatsa. Ana akuvutika mawonekedwe akuchita misala, si amenable maphunziro ndi maphunziro. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda kuonekera mu zaka 10-14.
2. Zambiri akuchita misala. fomu iyi angathe pa msinkhu uliwonse. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro woyamba anati mu zaka sekondale. Izi inakhazikitsa matenda: "Kumayambiriro ubwana akuchita misala". Chotero njira ndi kudwala yodziwika chifukwa analibe zizindikiro zabwino (kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, zinyengo). Mawonetseredwe khalidwe la matenda - ndi apatiko-abulicheskimi syndrome ndi disinhibition bongo (Hyper, bulimia).
3. Catatonic akuchita misala. matenda ankaona kuti zilonda. Kumachitika mu 1-3% odwala. Mbali yapadera ya chimake zimenezi zimaphatikizapo akuchita misala: mutism, negativism, disinhibition wosazindikira bongo, kukopera makhalidwe (echopraxia). Zizindikiro khalidwe ndi: wodwala zobwera kaimidwe, kuchuluka minofu kamvekedwe, catatonic chisangalalo ndi stupor.

mtundu wina wa matenda ndi akhate schizophrenic. Iwo amakhala ndi chitukuko cha zinyengo persecutory, malingaliro overvalued, zamatsenga automatism (Kandinsky-Clerambault syndrome). Nthawi zambiri izi kuwonekera kwa matenda zimachitika akulu (zaka 25-40). Komabe, kukula kwa mawonekedwe matenda ana sizingatheke.

Ana akuchita misala: zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za matenda

Chipatala kuwonekera kwa matenda angayambe ali aang'ono ndi achinyamata. Akukhulupirira kuti zaka 5, kudwala ndi kovuta kuzindikira. Komabe, m'zaka wotsatira sangathe matenda yomweyo, "ubwana akuchita misala". Zizindikiro za matenda kumuyang'anira kwa nthawi yaitali. Pokhapokha ngati pali zizindikiro zingapo matenda matenda: "akuchita misala", kusonyeza mawonekedwe ake. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi monga:

1. Apatiko-abulicheskimi syndrome. Tisonyeza zimenezo mwa ikutha chidwi ndi zinthu mwachizolowezi (sukulu, masewera, masewera), ulesi, mphwayi kuti maganizo a makolo.
2. Hallucinatory syndrome. Kuwonjezera pa kudzipatula mwapang'onopang'ono, mwana akhoza kulankhula yekha, kuchita zina zochita kutanthauza kuli kampani (kusewera ndi bwenzi kungoganiza, kulumbira, zosangalatsa, ndi zina zotero. D.).
3. Yosalongosoka syndrome.
4. Catatonia. Mu mawonekedwe zizindikiro matenda enieni omwe anaona monga kaimidwe uterine, "mpweya khushoni chizindikiro" - mukamafinya mayina kuchokera pansi pa khosi ndi mutu, malo wodwalayo ali sanasinthe. Ndiko kuti, amakhalabe mu malo omwewo.

Zizindikiro za akuchita misala mwamsanga monga: mwana unmotivated kulira, yelping, kusintha maganizo, kusafuna kulankhula, etc ...

Features wa kudwala mu achinyamata

Zizindikiro za akuchita misala ubwana mu achinyamata yosiyana. Kuwonjezera zizindikiro zimenezi, odwala anati disinhibition ya bongo chosavuta (kuchuluka kudya, nkhawa kugonana) akhoza kuoneka zinyengo pseudohallucinations. Achinyamata nthawi zambiri unmanageable, kukana kulankhula ndi makolo, kuchita sakonda. Odwala salinso sukulu, anasonyeza mphwayi kuti zochitika za masiku ano, pali matenda lingaliro.

ndi zizindikiro za satha kulankhula bwinobwino pamene akuchita misala ubwana chiyani?

Poyambirira, satha kulankhula bwinobwino anali m'gulu la i kwa akuchita misala ana. Panopa, matenda awa allocated monga matenda osiyana. Satha kulankhula bwinobwino amatchedwa kuphwanya mphamvu mwanayo kwa mogwirizana chikhalidwe. Komanso, kudwala ndi wofanana ndi zikutha m'mayiko kapena kusowa maganizo maziko ndi mawu zosiyanasiyana kwa pamalo a. Ana akuchita misala nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi zizindikiro za satha kulankhula bwinobwino. Komabe, si mawonetseredwe yokha ya matenda ndiponso munthu amakhala ndi kusalekerera otsika.

Matenda a akuchita misala ana

Matendawa "akuchita misala" si kophweka, monga matenda akhoza kuphatikiza zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana khalidwe la matenda ena okhudza ubongo. Guide kudwala undulating Inde (kusintha exacerbations ndi kuchotsedwa). Matendawa zachokera matenda ndi wapadera mayesero maganizo. Nkofunika kuthetsa mavuto pa thupi la mwanayo (ziphe poizoni mankhwala).

Kodi kuchitira ubwana akuchita misala?

Chithandizo cha akuchita misala ubwana umalimbana kuwonjezera nthawi ya chikhululukiro, chithandizo cha syndromes kwambiri m'maganizo. Mankhwala ntchito ku gulu la neuroleptics (mankhwala "Eglonil", "thioridazine") ndi nootropics. odwala onse anasonyeza misala, komanso njira m'chipatala ndi kuonerera kwa chaka nthawi zosachepera 2. Kodi kusiya syndrome hallucinatory mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Haloperidol" ndi "Triftazin".

Kuti madokotala ananena zawo kwa akuchita misala ana

Yabwino madokotala ananena zawo akhoza kukhala mu mawonekedwe yosavuta akuchita misala. Zizindikiro ndi unobtrusive, yafupika pafupipafupi exacerbations. Komabe, kuchira bwino kumachitika kawirikawiri. Pamene catatonic ndi gebefrenicheskoy kupanga madokotala ananena zawo osauka. Ana akuvutika mungachite izi kudwala, amafunika chisamaliro nthawi zonse, iwo amawatumiza gulu 1 chilema.

Kodi khalidwe ndi mwana akudwala akuchita misala

Kulankhulana ndi mwana akudwala akuchita misala, n'kovuta, makamaka nthawi ya kudwala pachimake. Ngakhale kuthandiza, M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti kungakhale makhalidwe osayenera, kupsa mtima kapena M'malo mwake - kudzipatula kwambiri. Choncho, zofunika si amene amachititsa mwanayo, osamuuza kuti adadwala. Contact ndi ana ayenera kukhala mofanana ndi anthu athanzi, kotero iwo samaona kupatuka. Pa exacerbation ndi izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti hospitalize mwanayo kuchipatala.

Kupewa akuchita misala ana

Kuchepetsa ubwana akuchita misala sizingatheke Koma m'pofunika kuchita zonse kuti mwana wathanzi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kupewa mavuto ndi mavuto a zachilengedwe. Pamaso pa matenda mu achibale ayenera ndisanabadwe ndi zamaganizo ndi zachibadwa akazi onse pamaso lingaliro mwanayo.