Electroconvulsive mankhwala mu maganizo. Zizindikiro, zotsatira

Masiku ano, anthu ambiri anamva za njira ya mankhwala electroshock mankhwala electroconvulsive. njirayi ndi chifukwa filimu ali ndi dzina zoipa. Koma mmene zinthu zilili pa mfundo, kapena mtundu wa mankhwala ndi oopsa ndi mantha, monga iwo amati chiyani za iye?

Kodi mtundu wa ndondomeko?

Pamene anagwira mankhwala electroconvulsive, ubongo wodwala kudzera zosiyanasiyana mphamvu panopa wadutsa - kuchokera milliamps 200 1600. voteji ake ndi 70 volts kwa 400. Kutalika kukhudzana si upambana ochepa masekondi, tuzigawo twa masekondi kawirikawiri okha. nyemba Izi zimachititsa khunyu. Koma Dziwani kuti mlingo anapulumutsa pampanipani ndi munthu, malingana ndi yankho wodwalayo. zokambirana ndi bwino ngati kudwala nthawi ya masekondi 25. Ndikafuna mankhwala mu akachisi mbali zonse za maelekitirodi ndi anaika. Nthawi zina wokwera pa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mutu. Zilakolako magetsi zambiri ankaloledwa kupyolera mbali imodzi ya ubongo. Elekitirodi malo kudzadalira matenda a anthu, chifukwa kusintha kuchuluka kwa ubongo pa diagnoses osiyana.

Pamaso ndondomeko, wodwalayo asalowe mankhwala mongoyembekezera zimandiwumitsa lonse akulu dongosolo. zonsezi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo si anathyola mafupa awo pa nthawi ya ndime ya magetsi kudzera ubongo. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti adzatani amachititsa aakulu kugwedeza mmwamba wa chamoyo wonse. Komanso, zokambirana kwenikweni anachita pansi ochititsa dzanzi ambiri.

Koma n'cholinga choti mantha amenewa, akatswiri si magetsi yekha. Zolinga achire, gasi inhalants ntchito (zikuchokera ndi Mpweya mwa chigoba) ndi njira mankhwala (subcutaneously kutumikiridwa ndi singano). Zotsatira za mankhwala awa ndi kukana magetsi. Akatswiri amanena kuti mankhwala chifukwa mkhalidwe mantha nthawi ya khunyu, ndipo palibe kanthu chimene njira iwo amatchedwa (kudzera chigoba ndi singano kapena mantha).

Chifukwa kugwira mankhwala izi?

Mu 1938 iye amapatsidwa mankhwala electroconvulsive monga njira ndiyotani pakuchotsa akuchita misala. Komanso, njirayi Cholinga kuthandiza odwala amene amadwala zina matenda okhudza ubongo. Koma kenako zinadziwika kuti njira ya mankhwala si zothandiza pa nkhani ya akuchita misala, koma amapereka zotsatira zabwino mu doldrums lapansi. Madokotala ena amati njira ndiyotani pakuchotsa matenda amenewa Psychiatric ndi zothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa pafupifupi 75% odwala analandira olandiridwa kumasuka ku zizindikiro za matenda awo.

Zikuonetsa mankhwala khalidwe

Pali limati zambiri zimene mwayi kugwira njira mankhwala. Koma kwalembedwa mu mitundu yonse anayi matenda a m'maganizo, imene ndondomeko akapatsidwa mankhwala electroconvulsive pa maziko mwadzidzidzi. Njirazi ndi monga:

• Depression, imene anaulula kuwerenga kuti ndidziwe kudzipha ndiponso kufuna kupereka kudzivulaza.
• Febrile catatonia.
• Choyenera kuchita zimene wodwalayo amakana akukana madzi kapena chakudya.
• Neuroleptic zilonda matenda.

Koma pali nkhani zina zimene mankhwala electroconvulsive mwina wodwala, koma milandu ndondomeko idzachitike m'njira makonzedwe. Ndiponso, njira ya mankhwala ntchito osati maganizo, komanso mankhwala ndi minda ubongo (mwachitsanzo, khunyu, ululu syndromes).

maganizo chithandizo

Nthawi zambiri ntchito electroshock amalimbikitsa maganizo. Pali umboni kuti matenda amayamba ndi hyperactive kuwombola ma siginalo pakati pa malo osiyanasiyana ubongo. Choncho, cholinga cha dokotala nawo ayenera kuti asokoneze asapita awa ndi kubwezeretsa kagayidwe yachibadwa. Akukhulupirira kuti kukomoka chifukwa cha zilakolako magetsi, kuchepetsa chiwerengero limasonyeza hyperactive mbali ya ubongo udindo maganizo, ndende ndi maganizo.

Kukonzekera chithandizo

Zitatero ndi njira ya chithandizo, muyenera kuchita zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kafukufuku wathunthu wa chikhalidwe ubongo ndi thupi la wodwalayo.
2. Ndi magazi ndi mkodzo mayesero ofanana. Nthawi zina, amuzolengedwa magazi kusanthula anachita mwatsatanetsatane.
3. Amaweruza ntchito chidziwitso.
4. Iwo kufufuzidwa dongosolo mtima ndi kuphunzira electrocardiogram.
5. Akuti locomotor ntchito ya mtima.

Imachitikanso angapo ena zochitika zina, monga kutha kwa wambiri zakudya, ndi mankhwala ena kuti kuvomereza odwala mankhwala.

Komanso, mosiyana ndi zimene ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mankhwala electroconvulsive mu maganizo ndi kukakamizidwa, ndondomeko muchokera okha ndi chilolezo cha zipani nawo. Wodwala ayenera kutenga zochita ndi kulemba kumasulidwa mawonekedwe. Koma nthawi zina maganizo ndi kovuta kwambiri, ndipo sadali kutha kupereka yankho langa. Pankhaniyi, ndi wachibale kui mwina Aminoni ndondomeko. Koma chisankho malamulo, kupita ku bungwe la madokotala amene kupereka mapeto.

Pafupipafupi mankhwala

Amadziwika kuti mankhwala electroconvulsive mu maganizo ikuchitika mwa njira yosonyeza magawo angapo. pafupipafupi awo ndi osiyanasiyana malingana ndi dziko ndi chipatala, amene mankhwala. Kawirikawiri sabata wodwala ikuchitika magawo awiri kapena atatu. Nthawi kumene ndi pafupifupi milungu inayi. Odwala ena, kusintha kumachitika kale kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina zokwanira masabata awiri basi. Nthawi zina kusintha kwa sizinkachitika zina pambuyo 20 wa mankhwala. Koma anawona ngati woyamba magawo 12 osati anamasuka boma pansi, chithandizo ndiye zina mwa njira kwalephera.

zotsatira

Njira imeneyi mankhwala kadinala, ndipo, ndithudi, pali mavuto amene oyambirira ndi mochedwa. Mu chisokonezo yoyamba zimachitika nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa mapeto a gawo kapena pa izo. Zikuphatikizapo yaitali motero zobwera zoyenera, chimene chimafuna kusokoneza atangochimwa ndondomeko ndi kumayambiriro mankhwala enieni. Komanso tachycardia uonekere pa zokambirana. Komanso, zimene angakhale kuti mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kapena mankhwala ena ntchito kuchipatalako. Iwo anawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe a apnea (kutha kupuma).

Kuwonjezera zotsatira oyambirira monga mutu pambuyo ndondomeko, amene angathe kuthetsedwa ndi thandizo la mankhwala othetsa ululu kuwala. Pambuyo kulanda wa chisangalalo kumachitika, nseru, kusintha kuthamanga, boma matenda, komanso kusokonezeka, amene pang'onopang'ono kuchepa. Koma iwo akhoza nakweza ndi phunziro lililonse wamba. Zotsatira choopsa monga mtima ndi imfa.

Zotsatira mochedwa mbali amaoneka patapita kanthawi, pambuyo njira zingapo. Iwo akhoza kukula mu chaka, pamene mankhwala electroconvulsive ikuchitika. Zotsatira zake, monga tanenera kale, omwe ungadziwike mu mawonekedwe a chisokonezo nthawi yaitali. Zingakhalenso tsankho amnesia kapena mavuto ndi maganizo.

matenda kukumbukira

Kwa nthawi yaitali panali maganizo njirayi n'kogwiritsa kuwononga ubongo. Choncho, maphunziro akhala akufufuza kuti apeze chomwe pamtima achotsa pamene electroconvulsive mankhwala ndi matenda aliwonse pa malo omwewo. Anapeza kuti kuyan'anila anayamba kuonekera patatha za gawo chimodzi. Pankhaniyi, amnesia kungakhale khalidwe lina. Nthawi zina wodwala monga sanakumbukire kuti woyesedwa njira imeneyi, ndipo nthawi zina chitsanzo unadonthezedwa ndi kuiwala. Mwachitsanzo, munthu sanathe mukukumbukira mayina kapena zinthu zina. Koma kuyan'anila zonsezi zinachitika yekha ndi odwala amene pamaso pa mankhwala pa Kujambula analembedwa subcortical woyera nkhani zotupa mwamphamvu kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, masabata angapo, pokumbukira odwalawo anachira kotheratu, ngakhale ena ananena kuti mbali ya zochitika za moyo wakhala achotsa muyaya.

Kodi pali contraindications iliyonse

Mwina mungafunse chifukwa chiwerengero cha mavuto amene nthawi zina mankhwala electroconvulsive ndi zosayenela. Oddly okwanira, koma contraindications mtheradi kwa njira imeneyi chithandizo, madokotala musamatchule. Ngakhale pa nthawi yomweyo, madokotala ambiri akuyesetsa kukhala osamala, chifukwa pali alili umene njira izi zingathe kudzetsa imfa ya wodwala. Njirazi ndi monga:

• Anasamutsidwa ndi infarction m'mnyewa wamtima (ndidzadutsa miyezi itatu).
• Intracranial oopsa.
• M'mimba magazi.
• Pheochromocytoma.
• Kupezeka kwa zotupa ubongo (sichigwa mtundu chiyambi).
• Mu nkhani ya mavuto a tsankho kwa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

Koma koposa izi zonse, pali matenda amene pa ndondomeko, utenge ena amene kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto aakulu.