Chingwe woyendetsa mu Pascal - chingwe

Mapulogalamu nthawi zonse chokhudzana ndi ntchito ndi ena deta monga zingwe. Chingwe woyendetsa limanenedwa njira yomweyo mu zinenero zambiri, kuphatikizapo Pascal: chingwe. Koma Pascal ali makhalidwe yake ndi katundu amene muyenera kudziwa musanayambe.

ndi chingwe mu Pascal chiyani?

Musanayambe kumvetsa malembedwe a chingwe mtundu posonkhanitsa deta Pascal, tiyenera kuona kuti zingakhale chingwe. Ndipotu chingwe Pascal - osiyanasiyana otchulidwa, aliyense amene angathe kukhala mbali iliyonse ya ASCII-tebulo. Ndiko kuti, aliyense kalata, chiwerengero, chizindikiro kapena malo zopumira angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mwamsanga a.

The pazipita angapo otchulidwa mu mzere umodzi ndi 255 mayunitsi, ndipo aliyense wa iwo alandira chogwirizana siriyo chiwerengero. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kulemba mutu waukulu ku variable, iwe uyenera kulenga osiyanasiyana chingwe. Pascal molondola pokonza pempho, ndi inu angapulumutse deta yaitali pafoni.

mtundu chingwe deta

Pa mzere ndi udindo wa mtundu chingwe. Pascal akulola mapulogalamu kuti musankhe chiwerengero chenicheni cha anthu otchulidwa kapena kusiya pa kutalika kusakhulupirika kwa - mu nkhani iyi, izo kukhala wolingana 255. Kuti ndilengeze chingwe variable kulemba mfundo yomweyo, ayenera kutsata ndi m'matumbo kuti mwatchutchutchu nfundo yaikhulu - chingwe ndipo ngati n'koyenera, m'mabokosi lalikulu kulembetsa kutalika mzere. Mwachitsanzo pansipa kwapatsidwa mwa chingwe "p" otchulidwa 10 yaitali:

var p: chingwe [10].

The Pascal chingwe malamulo a msonkhano akayiyike phindu - m'pofunika yekha kutsekeramo mu makoti umodzi.

ntchito chingwe

Malinga chinenero, ndipo watsimikiza ndi nambala ya wotuluka, amene akhoza kuthamanga chingwe. Pascal amalola poyerekeza ndi merging chingwe deta.

kuphatikiza ntchito (mu mawu ena ndi concatenation kapena zowalamulira) imagwiridwa kuphatikiza mizere angapo chimodzi. Iwo akuyendera powonjezera chizindikiro "+". Ndi inu angamange chingwe umodzi wopangidwa angapo a mawu, zokhazikika ndi zosintha.

Tikumbukenso kuti ndi kaphatikizidwe mawu m'chiganizo ndi concatenating mizere kusiyana pakati pa mchitidwe adzakhala zasiyidwa. Choncho, pofuna kupeza dongosolo yomangidwa bwino ayenera kukhala malo oyenera zikuonetseratu poyera pamaso pa kusiyana ndi kuwonjezera khalidwe danga, monga: "."

opaleshoni ina podderzhvaet mu Pascal, - chingwe kufananiza kapena kuyerekeza za zingwe. Pakuti amagwiritsanso ntchito ndi zizindikiro zophweka masamu:

• kufanana (=);
• Pa / Pansi (> ndipo <);
• Lochitira (<>);
• ndi wamkulu kuposa kapena wolingana ndi zosakwana kapena wolingana (> = ndipo <=).

Chifukwa cha ntchito ubale adzabweranso mtengo Buliyani a zoona kapena zabodza.

Kuyerekezera imagwiridwa khalidwe ndi zingwe khalidwe, ndi pamene zotsatira loyamba umboni anatsimikiza monga tebulo kabisidwe. Choncho, pamene lodziwa wamkulu, malo kumene kudzakhala zilembo zosiyana, malamulo poyerekeza idzachitike mu tebulo otsatirawa, ndipo zimenezi zotsatira zake, ndi kudzayesedwa kuyankha kuti adzabwere ntchito.

Ntchito ndi chingwe zosintha

Pamene ndi chinenero mapulogalamu, Pascal pali ntchito zimene chingwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pascal limakupatsani kutengera mbali ya variable, kuti kuphatikiza zingwe angapo mzake, kupeza substring, ndi kuwerengera m'litali. Izi zachitika ntchito zotsatirazi 4 ntchito:

• Pakuti kukopera mzere limafanana Koperani ntchito. Lili magawo atatu - chingwe kapena dzina variable, kuyamba malo ndi chiwerengero cha anthu otchulidwa kuti mukufuna kutengera:

Koperani (S, poz, n) - ndi S - chingwe variable, ndi poz ndi N - ndi inteja.

• Kuwonjezera chingwe concatenation, ntchito chizindikiro "+" kuti opaleshoni yabwino njira pogwiritsa ntchito Concat ntchito. Monga mfundo zake ntchito mizere onse ndi mawu ophiphiritsa zimene ziyenera pamodzi:

Concat (S1, S2 ...).

• Amagwilitsidwa ntchito Pascal ntchito ndi Utali. Mukhoza ntchito kuwerengetsa zaka za chingwe - ndiko kuti, kudziwa chiwerengero cha anthu a izo. Mfundo yekha pakuti ichi chingwe palokha - linanena bungwe wosuta adzalandira kufunika inteja:

Utali (p).

• Ndipo otsiriza a ntchito mu Pascal ndi kufufuza chiyambi cha substring wa - pos. Limabwerera chiwerengero cha anthu otchulidwa imene kuyamba substring chofunika, ndipo ngati sanamwe, ndi chifukwa cha 0:

Pos (subS, S).

Mankhwala mizere mu Pascal

njira Standard ntchito Pascal, awiri okha. Woyamba limakupatsani kuchotsa substring ena, ndipo chachiwiri - amaika mu mndandanda chingwe.

Choncho, Chotsani ndondomeko deletes anasankha mzere, ndi anati udindo waukulu substring wa nambala inayake zizindikiro. Aliyense wa magawo awa ndi mtsutso wa opaleshoni:

Chotsani (S, poz, n) .

Ndi kumanga ndi ndondomeko ya zilembo mu chingwe, mungagwiritse ntchito Ikani. Ndondomeko ali udindo wa magawo atatu - ndi substring, chingwe ndi malo kumene Ikani unapangidwa m'nkhaniyi:

Amaika (subS, S, poz) .

Kusintha mtundu wa mizere deta

Pamene tikugwira ntchito zambiri kusintha mtundu wa zosintha. Mwachitsanzo, mmene kusintha zingwe inteja. Pascal salola kuwonjezera manambala olembedwa mu mzere, kotero, kwa chiwerengero cha ntchito, ayenera kusintha mtundu. Pakuti ichi pali njira yapadera:

• Kutembenuza chingwe ndi inteja mu Pascal kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi StrToInt. Chifukwa inteja mtengo akhoza kulembedwa ngati variable, ndipo kuchita ntchito masamu ndi izo.
• Ngati kuli kofunika kupeza mfundo akuyandama ku chingwe anapatsidwa ntchito StrToFloat ndondomeko. Komanso inteja ndi chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa angagwiritsidwe ntchito yomweyo.

• Kuchita ntchito n'zosiyana - kutembenuza nambala kuti chingwe - muyenera kugwiritsa FloatToStr ndondomeko akuyandama-mfundo ndi makhalidwe inteja kwa IntToStr.
• Njira ina kusintha mtundu ndi ntchito njira yapadera, amene safuna kudziwa mtundu chiyambi kapena mapeto deta - Str ndi Val. Woyamba umabala lomasuliridwa manambala mu mzere, ndipo ali kuti mtsutso ake mfundo ziwiri - chiwerengero koyamba ndi variable wotchedwa chingwe. The chachiwiri amachita opaleshoni n'zosiyana, ndipo chizindikiro chimodzi chinanso - kuwonjezera pa M'ndandanda ndi chingwe makhalidwe ndondomeko anapereka malamulo kwa inu molondola kutembenuka. Mwachitsanzo, kuti alembe nambala fractional ndi inteja variable, malamulowo isonyeza chiwerengero cha anthu otchulidwa, Mudali kulephera, ndipo pamene kusintha lamanja, phindu lake ndi 0.