Chivalry - nkhani wosangalatsa za chikondi

Chivalry wa Middle Ages nthawi anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XII: zinali ndiye kuti olemba n'kuyamba ku epic amunamuna ndi zomveka ndiponso wosangalatsa kwa ambiri owerenga polemba chinenero chimenechi. Pamndandanda uwu wa mabuku makamaka monga ntchito zolembedwa mu imodzi mwa zilankhulo Romance osati Latin (choncho dzina zikumveka ngati "chikondi"). A otchuka mpaka ku nthawi ino ya epic kugwirizana ndi nthano a anthu, apa pali mtundu wanyimbo watsopano wakhala ngati nthano, kaphatikizidwe zigawo ziwiri: yopeka ndi chikondi.

mabuku onse a chinthu chivalry chimodzi chofanana - khalidwe chachikulu iwo kwenikweni mfulu Knight. Ndi wolingana ndendende yabwino ya mfundo kurtuazii, akuyenda yekha, ndi squire ake okhulupirika, kapena ndi gulu laling'ono la asilikali. Knight amachita anamanganso zosiyanasiyana amalimbana ndi mizukwa, achifwamba, kapena "Osakhulupirira" - izo zidalira pa nkhaniyi, ndi kuganiza za mlembi. Zimphona nthawi zambiri olemba kukakambirana zolinga, kodi chimasiyanitsa mtundu wanyimbo ku epic amunamuna. Wankhondo kumenyana m'dzina la mayi wa mtima, phindu lenileni ndi ulemerero, koma osati mu dzina la chipembedzo, dziko kapena mtundu.

Knight a akale chikondi cha m'ma XII, kulemba ndakatulo (8-syllable rhyming chipinda nthunzi), koma pali ena amene anavomereza. Choncho, "buku la Alexander" linalembedwa ndi mzere 12 syllable ndi awiri nyimbo. Zikomo ntchito imeneyi, njira yatsopano ya ndakatulo - Alexandrine. Mwaichi, zalembedwa chiwerengero chachikulu cha comedies French ndi mavuto mu zaka XVII-XVIII. Komanso Alexandrine ntchito Wachiwiri-classicists, romantics ndi Wachiwiri-romanticism la France, Russia ndi mayiko ena.

romances Prose a chivalry anali kokha m'zaka XIII, pa nthawi yomweyo, polemba chinenero ichi zolembalemba akukumana nazo zabwino kwa nthawi. Ambiri ntchito tingathe kuwaona bwino kutengera makhalidwe kurtuaznyh ndi malamulo, koma ngakhale izi, polemba chinenero adakali yaitali kuwerenga ankakonda anthu French.

Mitundu ya chikondi akusiyana malingana dera, zikamera ntchito ndi chakuti yankholo maziko ake. Masiku amenewo, panali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu yaing'ono Nkhani, ndi maziko a m'nthano. ndi mtundu wanyimbo osiyana mu ayenera kuunikila Acelt mabuku m'kamwa. Kunena anadzakhala gwero la dziko la Chikhristu - mabuku amenewa anakhala otchuka pa nthawi ya Nkhondo za Mtanda, chifukwa Ankhondo kuona umodzi abwino, kumvetsetsa kufunika kwa ntchito yawo.

Chivalry osiyana epic amunamuna chakuti iwo protagonist - ochezeka bwino kuti owerenga munthu, osati wongopeka ndi mphamvu zozizwitsa. Mu ntchito zimenezi nthawi zambiri amapezeka Aleksandra Makedonskogo, Mfumu Arthur ndi Ankhondo a Table Round. Komanso mu buku la agwirizane ndi maina ena umunthu leni: mabishopu, mapapa, makadinala, etc. Ngakhale kuti papita zaka mazana ambiri kuyambira pamenepo, kodi polemba chinenero ichi zolembalemba, chivalry akupezabe owerenga awo, chifukwa nthawi zina iye akufuna kumva nyengo Ankhondo wolimba ndi madona wokongola, chikondi dziko limene nkhani zonse ali mathero abwino.