Chiwembu yosavuta zomvetsera mkuzamawu. Kodi kupanga mkuzamawu sitiriyo ndi manja anu

Nkhaniyi tidzakambirana phokoso mkuzamawu dera ntchito zapakhomo. Malingana ngati m'dera kodi ntchito ndi mkuzamawu (wochedwanso VLF - mphamvu otsika pafupipafupi), izo ndi miyeso osiyana ndi kuvuta yokonzera nyumbayo. Nkhani adzakhala yomweyo anakhudzidwa ndi mitundu itatu amplifiers - transistors, tchipisi ndi nyale. Ndipo ayenera kuyamba ndi masika.

chubu ULF

Izi nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu zida akale - TV, wailesi. Ngakhale obsolescence, njira imeneyi akadali otchuka pakati okonda nyimbo. Pali maganizo chubu phokoso kuyeretsa kwambiri ndi wokongola kuposa "digitized". N'zotheka, Mulimonsemo, zotsatira chomwecho monga nyali, musati ntchito madera transistor. Dziwani kuti mkuzamawu dera phokoso (losavuta, pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala) akhoza anazindikira pa yekha transistor wina.

Pankhaniyi, chizindikiro ayenera kuti aperekedwe kwa gululi wailesi chubu. Kuti cathode ndi umaperekedwa kuchepetsa voteji - kusintha ndi kusintha kulimbikira mu dera la. The anode kudzera capacitor ndi zofunika thiransifoma kumulowetsa kotunga voteji (150 V). Choncho, yachiwiri akutsirizika chikugwirizana ndi nkhani. Koma chiwembu imeneyi, koma kuchita zambiri ntchito thuu kapena atatu gawo kamangidwe, mmene muli kuyambirira ndi womaliza mkuzamawu (pa nyali wamphamvu).

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zojambula nyale

Kodi drawback akhoza kukhala pa luso chubu? Pamwamba anatchulidwa kuti anode voteji ayenera kukhala woposa 150 volts. Powonjezera ayenera kukhala ndi AC voteji wa 6.3 V ulamuliro filaments losonyeza nyali. Nthawi zina mukufuna 12.6, ngati pali nyali ndi filament voteji. Choncho mapeto - yaikulu magetsi dera, kufunika kokhala tiransifoma chachikulu.

Koma pali ubwino kuyenera nyali ku njira transistor: chomasuka unsembe, durability, zosatheka kuti atsitse chiwembu lonse. Kupatula kuti muyenera kusiya nyali zibaluni kulithetsa. Inu simungakhoze kunena za transistor wa - otentha soldering nsonga kapena malo amodzi mosavuta kuwononga kapangidwe ka kusintha kwa. Vuto lomwelo ndi tchipisi ndi.

transistor madera

Pamwamba ndi chithunzi cha zomvetsera transistors mkuzamawu. Monga mukuonera, n'zovuta - ntchito ambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu, amene athe dongosolo lonse ntchito. Koma ngati inu kuswa iwo uko mu zigawo ang'onoang'ono, likukhalira kuti si zovuta. Ndipo chiwembu chimagwira ntchito zambiri monga momwe tafotokozazi mu zingalowe triode. Ndipotu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi transistor - si kanthu koma transistor a.

Kamangidwe losavuta - dera pa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi amene m'munsi akudyetsedwa yomweyo voltages atatu kuchokera mwa kundipatsako kuphatikiza kudzera resistor kuchokera zabwino ndi zoipa waya wamba komanso gwero chizindikiro. Yolimidwa nakweza chizindikiro kwa wokhometsa lapansi. Pamwamba ndi chitsanzo cha zomvetsera mkuzamawu dera (pulayimale transistors). Ndi koyera si ntchito.

Microchips

Zambiri zamakono ndi apamwamba mkuzamawu adzakhala pa tchipisi ndi. Mwamwayi, pa tsiku ali lalikulu. Losavuta zomvetsera mkuzamawu dera pa Chip ndi lili ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha zinthu. Ndipo inuyo wabwino VLF mungathe munthu aliyense amene angathe kwambiri kapena zochepa chocheperako kusamalira chitsulo soldering. Monga ulamuliro, Chip lili angapo capacitors ndi resistors.

Zinthu zina zonse zofunika ntchito akupezeka galasi lapansi. Koma chinthu chachikulu - ndi chakudya. Kwa ena ziwembu ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito katundu ochititsa kuti mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri vuto ikutuluka iwo. Chips, lomwe tikusowa magetsi Mwachitsanzo, n'zovuta ntchito kupanga galimoto mkuzamawu.

Zothandiza "zapamwamba"

Popeza Ndinayamba kumuuza za amplifiers pa tchipisi, ndiye m'pofunika kutchula kuti iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kamvekedwe. Makamaka makina onga amapangidwa Chip. Iwo ali zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse zofunikira kokha kupanga unsembe zolondola zipangizo zonse.

Ndipo mudzatha kusintha nyimbo timbre. Zolumukizidwa ndi equalizer LED zomwe osati yabwino, komanso wokongola phokoso renderer. Ndipo chidwi kwambiri kwa mafani wa galimoto Audio - ndi, ndithudi, luso kugwirizana subwoofer. Koma ndi ofunika kuthera gawo osiyana, chifukwa mutu kuli chidwi ndi nkhani.

Subwoofer - izo zangokhala

Kugwirizanitsa subwoofer (subwoofer) muyenera kukhala osiyana rekodi mkuzamawu. Ngati inu muyang'ana pa zitsanzo mafakitale amplifiers, Ngati munthu ali sitiriyo ndi rekodi amplifiers. Woyamba chikugwirizana ndi okamba, ndipo chachiwiri - kuti subwoofer lapansi. Komanso, wachiwiri pali mbali yaing'ono - anasonkhana pakhomo la otsika-chiphaso fyuluta. Malinga ndi mtengo gulu, fyuluta izi zikhoza malamulo kapena ayi. Sungani mawu ndi manja ake mkuzamawu dera ndi anaphedwa pa tchipisi kungakhale mu mphindi, ngati palibe zovuta za izo.

Losavuta otsika chikudutsa fyuluta - ndi resistors ochepa ndi capacitors olumikizidwa ku dera la lili pamwambali. Tikuyambitsa unyolo ngati kuti mbendera mkuzamawu athandizira ndi pa pafupipafupi ena mu osiyanasiyana 30-60 hedzi. Iwo pafupipafupi izi nakweza ndi kuwapereka kwa ULF woofer. Tikumbukenso kuti athandizira otsika-chiphaso fyuluta m'pofunika kukhazikitsa ulamuliro buku.

Ubwino amplifiers ano tchipisi

Mutaganizira mitundu yonse mwina amplifiers, tinganene kuti wapamwamba ndi chopangidwa yosavuta yekha ano mchitidwe m'munsi. A zambiri tchipisi amapangidwa kuti amplifiers otsika pafupipafupi. Monga chitsanzo ULF TDA mtundu ndi manambala osiyanasiyana pakuyenerera.

Iwo ntchito kulikonse, chifukwa pali tchipisi onse woonda ndi amphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, kunyamulika kompyuta wokamba bwino ntchito Chip imene mphamvu sapambana Watts 2-3. Koma zida magalimoto kapena zowulutsira kunyumba zisudzo, ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito Chip oposa 30 Watts. Koma samalani chakuti kufunika kuteteza mphamvu amplifiers phokoso. Mapulani ayenera amapanga ndi lama fuyusi amene amateteza madera yochepa unyolo.

Plus komanso chakuti pamafunika yaikulu mphamvu okwanira, kotero inu mosavuta ntchito okonzeka zopangidwa Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera laputopu, PC, akulu MFP (latsopano, monga ulamuliro, ndi magetsi ndi mkati). Easy kukhazikitsa - ndi chinthu chofunika kuti kuyambira hobbyists. Chinthu chokha chimene chofunika kwa zipangizozi - khalidwe kuzirala. Ngati tikulankhula za njira zamphamvu m'pofunika kukhazikitsa mokakamizidwa - chimodzi kapena zingapo coolers pa rediyeta lapansi.