Chiwerengero cha Ufa, mbiri, zachilengedwe, zokopa ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Large mafakitale ndi mafakitale pakati, ndi mzinda wamakono ndi anthu opitirira mamiliyoni ndi, mzinda umene uli Urals pa gombe. White, likulu la Bashkortostan - Tidziwe onse Ufa.

Mbiri ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa Ufa

Malinga zofukulidwa m'mabwinja, pamaso oyambirira a anthu mbiri isanayambe pa dera la Ufa timayankhula masiku ano zinachokera ku nthawi Paleolithic.

Mu nthawi ya nkhondo Mongol zinali m'munsi chachikulu nkhondoyo winanso wa asilikaliwa. Utatha wa Golden gulu Khanate Nogai anasamukira. M'zaka za m'ma XVI dziko Khanate anakhala gawo la Russia.

Phunzitsani tsogolo la mzinda anatumikira monga linga yaing'ono inamangidwa mu 1574 ndi detachment a oponya mivi Russian pafupi m'kamwa mwa Ufa Mtsinje.

chiwerengero cha anthu a Ufa mu nthawi iyi anali otsika. Ndi utumiki anthu koma anakhala makamaka Ankhondo ana. Kuti makoma Kremlin anakakhala alimi ndi amalonda. Choncho inakhazikitsidwa ndi kuthetsa choyamba. Motero, pofika cha m'ma XVI anthu a Ufa anali za anthu 200. Mu 1586 Ufa anapatsidwa udindo wa mzinda ndi inasandulika chilikati cha Bashkortostan.

Kusintha Chiwerengero cha mzindawo mu zaka osiyana

Mpaka mapeto a chigawo choyamba cha m'ma XVIII, mzindawo unali linga kuti kuteteza malire a boma Russian mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa zankhanza wa mafuko woyendayendawu. Koma m'kupita Ufa monga linga yotayika cholinga ake abwino.

Mu XIX m'ma Ufa anakhala mzinda zigawo. Mwakhama imachitika mapulani a m'tawuni. Iwo likukula m'gawo lake. Chizindikiro kuwonjezeka mafakitale. Kodi anthu ambiri amakhala mu Ufa, anaganiza kupeza ngati anakhazikitsa Committee Regional, umene 1864 imachitika kalembera. Zotsatira zake zinatuluka mu gulu lapadera.

M'zaka za m'ma XIX anthu a Ufa chinawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu wamba mu mzinda, amene iwo wolembedwawo ntchito ufulu makampani.

Mu 1879, Ufa kalembera chachiwiri kudziwa anthu "akukhala mozemba" mu mzinda.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XX. Ufa njanji inamangidwa, mlatho kuwoloka mtsinje wa dzina chomwecho, pali mafakitale latsopano, udachita woyamba magetsi.

Mofulumira mafakitale chitukuko cha mzinda anali 30s lapansi. m'ma XX. Analamulidwa injini zomera, anayamba kupanga mafuta, zimene zinachititsa kuti ntchito yomanga ndi fakitale ya mafuta.

Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, anthu a mumzindawo ntchito ku makampani mafakitale popanga katundu khama nkhondo. Ufa wakhala mafakitale pakati yaikulu ya Urals. Iwo anagwidwa makampani ambiri ku Russia. Nthawi imeneyi, chifukwa oposa 100 zikwi othawa kwawowo kuchuluka anthu. Ufa wapanga chopereka kwambiri kuti chigonjetso mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.

Environment ndi nyengo

Chinyezi Ngerezi nyengo lililonse dera lonse la Bashkortostan. Zima yaitali pano, chilimwe kumatenga miyezi inayi. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, momveka anati kusintha kwa nyengo. Chifukwa cha nyengo abnormally ofunda akaone zachilengedwe.

Iwo modetsa nkhawa zinthu zachilengedwe mu Ufa. The ntchito amakampani mafakitale kumabweretsa kuipitsa tsiku la madzi, nthaka, mpweya, limene limakhudza anthu thanzi mumzindawo. Pali vuto mwamsanga ndi processing zinyalala mafakitale. mitsinje kwambiri wowonongeka ndi madamu. chilengedwe osauka zoipa zimakhudza umoyo wa nzika. Chiwerengero kuchuluka kwa Ufa kumachititsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto mumzinda, amenenso worsens zinthu zachilengedwe.

Zosangalatsa ndi zosangalatsa za Ufa

Likulu la Bashkortostan nacho chinachake kudabwa wanu alendo. Iwo anasunga zipilala ambiri kamangidwe, amene pamodzi ndi maofesi ultramodern mu zina zamakono kalembedwe. Yokongoletsera mapulani a m'mudzi anali kumanga lalikulu zosangalatsa zovuta amatchedwa "Kuwala ya Ufa."

Chizindikiro cha mzindawo ndi chipilala polemekeza S. Yulaev - wapamwamba dziko Kukwera Akavalo chipilala. Kenako kufalitsa paki momasuka. Kudabwa ndi kukula kwake 33 mita Ubwenzi Chipilala, unakhazikitsidwa mu ulemu wa Bashkortostan kwa Russia kujowina mabwalo Ural.

Wotchuka malo opembedzera Ufa ndi Lala Tulpan Mosque, anamanga mu mawonekedwe a ukuyanga tulips. Iyi ndi pulani wapadera, zomwe ziribe analogues mu dziko. Minaret kutalika mamita 53.

m'tawuni

Bwinobwino mpaka pano a mafunso ofunika: "Kodi anthu a mumzinda wa Ufa" Ife tikhoza kunena molimba mtima kuti boma limakula. Malinga ndi kafukufuku 2008, mzinda ndi kunyumba kwa anthu oposa 1 miliyoni. Pa yomweyo akazi likulu la Bashkortostan lipoti anali pafupifupi 10% kuposa amuna.

ndi anthu Ufa masiku ano? chithunzi ichi uli pafupi ndi anthu 1 miliyoni 100 zikwi. Akatswiri kuneneratu pofuna kukwaniritsa mzinda cha mwa chikoka chake ndalama.