Chomera cha Helicopter cha Kazan - kuchokera ku mabomba mpaka Ansata ndi Mi-38

Helikopita ku USSR inayamba kumanga msasa kuposa ku US, ngakhale kuti injiniya wa ku Russia Igor Sikorsky anapanga galimotoyi . Ngakhale zinali choncho, zidazi zinali zapanthaŵi yake, ndipo maulendo a helikopita a Soviet atangoyamba kumene, anadzionetsa okha kumwamba. M'mayiko ambiri, iwo amachita ntchito zosiyanasiyana - zankhondo komanso zamtendere. Muutumiki iwo ali abwino, kuyendetsa ndege ndibwino, ndipo kudalirika kwa zipangizo zathu zakhala zotsutsana. Mmodzi mwa opanga makina opanga mahatchiwa ndi Plant Plant Helicopter ya Kazan. Malo a malonda awa ndi mbali ya chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha kampani ya Helicopters ya ku Russia, yomwe ikufotokozedwa ndi kuti kupanga ndegeyi kumapitirizabe kukhazikika.

Momwe ndege zinayambira ku Kazan. Chomera cha Helicopter cha Kazan chamtsogolo

Nkhondo isanayambe fakitale ya Kazan inalibe. Mumzinda wa Leningrad, malinga ndi dongosolo la People's Commissariat of Aircraft Industry la September 4, 1940, kukonza ndege kunakhazikitsidwa. Kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali a chipani cha Nazi kunayambitsa mavuto onse otetezeka, ndipo adasankha kuchoka kumalo ena kumbuyo. Choncho, Leningrad Aviation Plant yomwe ili pansi pa chiwerengero cha 387 inali likulu la Soviet Tataria, yomwe idaphatikizidwapo ndi zina, zomwe zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipangizo zonyamula katundu, komanso poyankhula pang'ono za chiwerengero chosadziwika 169. Tinkamanga mabomba aang'ono a Kazan Po-2 (adatchedwa nkhondo isanayambe U-2, ndipo adafunikila kuphunzitsa oyendetsa ndege). Ndege zimenezi, zikuwoneka kuti ndizodzichepetsa komanso zopangidwa ndi matabwa, zinakwaniritsa ntchito yawo yoteteza dziko lakwawo: adatumizidwa kuti adziwone bwino komanso ngakhale usiku ankachita mabomba. Kuchokera pazipata za chomera khumi ndi limodzi zidutswa zidatulutsidwa kunja.

Nkhondo itatha

Kufunika kwa ndege pambuyo pa Kugonjetsa kunachepa, koma makina aulimi sanali okwanira: kuwonongeka. Pa ofesi ya fakitala ya 387, C-4 inayamba kubala - zipangizo zoyamba zodzikongoletsera zokhazokha zomwe zingathe kupanga ntchito zingapo. Ntchitoyi inali yofunika kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, panalibe antchito okwanira, ankafunika kukweza makina a kumidzi. Ndipo omanga ndege ankamenyana nawo, minda yothandizana ndi boma ya USSR inalandira mayunitsi zikwi zisanu ndi zinai. Komabe chomera ichi sichinalengedwe kuti apange ulimi wamakono.

Apanso kumwamba

Mu 1951, ntchito yomanga ndi yomanga pa ndege yoyamba ya Soviet Mi-1 helikopita inamalizidwa ku MIL Mil Design Bureau. Imeneyi inali galimoto yosavuta, yokweza anthu atatu, kuphatikizapo woyendetsa ndege. Koma ndizo zomwe Plant ya Helicopter ya Kazan inayambira ntchito yake yatsopano yomanga ndege. Mu 1954, adatha kuyendetsa makina atsopano, Mi-4, omwe adapanga bwino kuti mayiko akunja anayamba kugula. Zinalinso zothandiza pa Soviet Army, Aeroflot, ndi polar ndege. Mu 1965, ntchito yopanga zogwirira ntchitoyi - Mi-8, yomwe inadziwika bwino kwambiri, yowonongeka kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino kwambiri m'mbiri ya zomangamanga za Soviet - inayamba. Mu 1966, chophimba chachinsinsi chinachotsedwa, ndipo malo a chiwerengero chopanda pake cha "ma bokosi" adatengedwa ndi mtundu watsopano - Plant Kazan Helicopter. Iye anakhala wotchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Ansat

Makampani a Soviet aviation anali nthawi zonse akuzunguliridwa ndi nkhawa za boma, akatswiri abwino kwambiri, akatswiri apamwamba a kalasi yaumisiri, amagwira ntchito mmenemo. Pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR, zomera za Helikopta za Kazan zinayamba kukumana ndi mavuto ofanana ndi chuma chonse cha dziko. Koma oyang'anira ntchitoyi sanasiye ndipo sanalole kuwonongeka kwa malonda omwe apatsidwa. Analengedwa mu kampani yosungirako mafakitale okwana makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu omwe adayambanso kugwira nawo ntchito yayikuru pamene zinkawoneka kuti zingangobweretsa zoperewera. Ku JSC Kazan Helicopter Plant mu 1997, iwo anayamba kusonkhanitsa kophunzira yoyamba ya Ansat - galimoto yatsopano, yowala ndi yaing'ono, yomwe msikawo unafunikira. Wokwanitsa kunyamula anthu asanu ndi anayi, helikopita iyi, chifukwa cha chuma chake, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mmadera osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku oyang'anira oyendetsa ndege (Ansat-U) kupita ku ambulansi. Mitundu iŵiri yamphamvu (yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi American Pratt & Whitney) imathamanga makilomita 250 / h ndi kukwera kwamtunda. Makinawa ndi ophatikizidwa, kutalika kwake kulibe mamita 13.

Zatsopano

Ansat akadali wapadera. M'nthawi ya Soviet, panalibe ndege imodzi yokha yomwe inapangidwa ku Russia, koma ku OAO Kazan Helicopter Plant iwo anatha kuchita izi. Komabe, padali zaka zambiri zapitazi. USSR inalandira chuma chochuluka, chomwe chiyenera kukhala choyenera. Anapitiriza kugwira ntchito ku Plant Helicopter ya Kazan, yomwe adilesi yake (Tetsovskaya Street, No. 14) sinakhale malo ogulitsa zipinda, malo ogulitsa ndi zosangalatsa ndi masitolo. Malinga ndi Mi-8 wotchuka, anamasulidwa kusintha kwake kwa Mi-17 ndi zamakono zamakono ndi ndege. Chitukuko cholonjezedwa ndi Mi-38, chomwe chidzapangidwa kuchokera chaka chamawa. Kwa zosowa za malonda, zipangizo zatsopano zimagulidwa ndi ogwira ntchito. Monga mukudziwa, ndi atsogoleri omwe amasankha zambiri.