Barnaulskaya CHPP-2

Kodi mafakitale amatchuka chifukwa chiyani? CHP-2 mumzinda uno kuyambira 2012 ndi gawo la kampani yogwirizana ndi "Barnaulskaya Generatsiya", yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi bungwe la mphamvu "Kuzbassenergo". Chomera choyamba cha mphamvu yamagetsi chinamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1930 ndipo nthawi yomwe idatchulidwa pamwambapa idatopa kwambiri mphamvu zake - ntchito yowonjezerayi inadzaza ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zochitika zosayembekezereka. Ndipo m'katikati mwa 1955, makampani oyambirira otentha ndi oyendetsa mpweya anayamba kuyambitsidwa pa ntchitoyi . Kenaka chipangizocho chinapemphedwa kuti apereke chida chonse ndi mphamvu, zomwe zinali ndi kukhazikitsidwa kumeneku kumene mphamvu ya mgwirizano wa derali inabadwa.

Mbiri ya kutentha kwa mzinda

Barnaulskaya CHPP inamangidwa malinga ndi chisankho cha Bungwe la Atumiki a USSR. Kenaka, boilers atatu okhala ndi mphamvu yaikulu ya matani 170 pa ola anagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zowonjezera ndi zitsulo zitatu, mphamvu yonse yomwe inali 75 mW. M'zaka za m'ma 1990 zapitazo, mphamvu za CHPP-2 zidasamutsidwa kuntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gasi. Pofuna kubwezera zipangizo zakale zomwe zidakonzedwa, zinasankhidwa kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito yatsopano ya CHP yamakono. Chipinda chachisanu ndi chinayi cha zomera zowonjezera kutentha chinatsegulidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chatha.

Tsiku lobadwa la TPP

Posakhalitsa, anthu okhala ku Barnaul anachita chikondwererochi - pokhala ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zokha za antchito omwe ali ndi mphamvu yotentha, atsogoleri awo a ku Siberia Generating Company ndi oimira a Altai akuyang'anira iwo. CHPP-2 yoposa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Mbiri ya malondayi inali yaitali, panthawi zonse zinkakhala zovuta, nthawi zowonongeka ku zovuta. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu kalikonse, lero ntchitoyi ingadzitamande ndi mbiri yabwino yomwe iyenera kukhala yoyenera kwa zaka ndi makumi khumi.

Zina mwa mavuto atsopano, malinga ndi mkulu wa station station Alexander Lukyanov, ndi ukalamba wa zipangizo, ndi kufunika kowonjezera zamakono zamakono. Chinthu chimodzi mwazimene zimagwira ntchito kuntchito ndizofunikira kukopa ndi kuphunzitsa antchito atsopano - akatswiri achinyamata. Kusintha kwayamba kwayamba kale: zaka zitatu zapitazo, zida ziwiri zowonjezera zatsitsimutsidwa, zida zina zowonjezera zimangidwanso. Kukhulupilika kwa chibadwidwe kuwonjezeka, pamene kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya kutentha ndi magetsi.

Kutentha mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu ndi ntchito zothandizira

Chikhalidwe chodziwika ndi makampani opanga ndizokhazikika ogwira ntchito. Akatswiri amawononga moyo wawo wonse pano. CHP-2 ndi wonyada ndi machitidwe a ntchito! Ambiri amagwira ntchito kuno Kosilov-Nosikhins - zochitika za banja lino zinali zaka 211! Ndipo pali zosachepera zisanu zoterezi.

Kubwereranso ku mbiri ya malonda, ziyenera kuti chaka cha 2014 chinakhala chaka cha kutumiza magetsi atsopano a mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zisanayambe kumangidwanso. Chaka choyambirira, chowotcha chatsopano chinayambika, chosiyana kwambiri ndi makhalidwe ake azachuma ndi zachilengedwe, omwe adawonjezera kuchulukitsa kwa steam ndi matani 40 a nthunzi pa ora.

Pa CHPP-2 adilesi ku Barnaul - ul. Diamond, 2. Ali m'chigawo cha Oktyabrsky cha mzindawo. CHP imathandiza kupatsa magetsi pafupifupi theka la Barnaul, makamaka - gawo lake lalikulu.

Mgwirizano wa makampani opanga kutentha lero ali ndi antchito chikwi.

Ngozi Yopangira Mphamvu

CHP-2 imadziwika, makamaka, chifukwa cha ngozi pa bizinesi. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, panali zinthu zosazolowereka zomwe zinayambitsa mavuto akuluakulu. Barnaulskaya CHPP-2 anavutika ndi moto. Zotsatira zake, zingwe zamagetsi zamapope zomwe zimapatsa madzi zinawonongeka. Panali kuima kwa makina awiri ndi boilers atatu. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, makina awiri ndi ma boilers anagwirabe ntchito. Mzindawu unayenera kulengeza boma ladzidzidzi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kumapeto kwa tsiku lotsatira lotsatira ntchitoyi inakhazikika, ndipo ngozi ya CHPP-2 inali yeniyeni. Sitimayi inalowa muntchito yowonongeka kuti ipereke zotentha ndi madzi mukutentha kwa madigiri pafupifupi 85. Nyumba zomwe zinatsala popanda madzi otentha zinalandiranso madzi mu boma lachilendo.

Malo osungira masiku ano

Panthawiyi, CHP-2 imangogwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, koma imapanganso mphamvu mu ma volumes omwe amaposa zizindikiro zammbuyo. Kotero, mu March chaka chino mphamvu yamagetsi imapanga mphamvu zokwana 101 miliyoni kWh, yomwe ndi yaikulu kuposa 7% kuposa momwe ikuwonetsera chaka chatha. Kuwunika kwa zizindikiro za pamtunda kulibe chiyembekezo. Malinga ndi zotsatira za pamtunda, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya mphamvu kunali 27%.

Izi zinatheka chifukwa cha kutumiza zida zatsopano mu March ndi December chaka chatha. Mzere wachisanu ndi chitatu ndi wachisanu ndi chinayi wa sitimayo wapita patsogolo kwambiri malinga ndi pulogalamu ya mgwirizano wopereka mphamvu. Ndalama zomwe zimagulitsidwa pa siteshoniyi (zomwe ziri pafupi mabiliyoni 6 biliyoni) zinakhudzidwa kwambiri kukulitsa chikhalidwe chake. Tsopano kuti chida chatsopano chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, mphamvu ya CHPP-2 yawonjezeka ndi MW MW 20. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti bungwe loyandikira - CHPP-3, ndilo limodzi mwa makampani opanga makina okhwima kwambiri ku Russia.

Momwe Ogwirizana Amagwirira Ntchito

Zigawo zomwezo sizidziwika ndi Barnaul yekha. CHP-2 ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana mu mizinda ina. Mbiri yomweyo ndi chiyembekezo cha chitukuko pa CHPP ya Permsky Krai. Malo a malo ake anali mzinda wa Berezniki. CHPP-2 mu Berezniki inalowa gawo la zochitika zamakono. Mkhalidwewu uli wofanana ndi Barnaulskaya: Zomera zamagetsi zamakono zinamangidwa mu 1930 mpaka 1940, zipangizozo sizinatheke, mzindawo kwa nthawi ndithu unakhala gawo lomwe lingakhale loopsa chifukwa cha ngozi ndi masoka achilengedwe. Tsopano akukonzekera kugwira ntchito zatsopano - Novobereznikovskaya TPP imalonjezedwa kuti idzatha kumapeto kwa chaka chino. Ndalama zowakopa - pafupifupi rubliyoni 13 biliyoni. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mu ndondomeko za utsogoleri wa dera - kuyesa ntchitoyi mobwerezabwereza ndalama zambiri mutangoyamba kupanga mphamvu.

Malinga ndi bwanamkubwa wa dera lino, ndikofunikira kuti matelojekiti atsopano adziwe, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti momwe zinthu zidzakhalire ndi ndalama zotsika mtengo zidzakhazikika pang'onopang'ono, monga momwe ndalama zowonjezera mphamvu ndi magetsi zidzakonzedweratu.

CHPP-2 ku Berezniki

Maofesi atsopanowa adzalandire malo osungirako mphamvu otentha a Berezniki omwe akhalapo kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Zida zatulutsidwa kale ku Berezniki. Ndi kovuta kumanga panja, mbali imodzi. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa nyumba zonse zothandizira zothandizira. Komabe, kumanga njira yotereyi kumathandiza kupanga zovuta zamakono zamakono popanda zipangizo zosafunikira ndi zosafunikira kwa machitidwe a mafakitale amakono. Maziko a Novobereznikov adzakhala makina awiri a mpweya wokwanira 40 MW aliyense, ndi magetsi awiri a 75 MW aliyense. Zomwe zimakonzedweratu zogwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi ziyenera kufika 230 MW.

Kumapeto kwa zomangamanga, zinthu ziyenera kuthetsedwa, momwe kuvala kwa zipangizo ndi kusiyana kwa makhalidwe a matekinoloje ndi zofunikira zamakono zikuphatikizana ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu. CHPP yatsopanoyi imapangidwanso ndi matayala apadera ochotsera zinyalala. Izi zidzatsimikizira kuti m'tsogolomu kutentha kwakukulu kwa mafuta komanso, motero, kuchepa kwakukulu ku zotsatira zovulaza zachilengedwe.

Kaliningradians akugwira kale ntchito yatsopano

Panjira yowonongeka, ndi bwino kuyang'ana pa zabwino - Kaliningradskaya CHPP-2 tsopano ndi imodzi mwa zomera zamakono za Russia. Pano, kwa nthawi yayitali zida zowonongeka zomwe zimaloleza kuthetsa kutayika kwa mpweya m'magazi otentha. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuti chomera chamagetsi chimagwirizana ndi zosowa za mzindawo ndi dera, m'tsogolomu akukonzekera kugwirizanitsa ntchito zowonjezera magetsi ndi Lithuania pafupi. Sitimayi idamangidwa zaka 10 zapitazo, koma zotsatira zachuma za kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zatsopano zatha kale. Makompyuta otenthawa amatha kudalirika, ndipo chilengedwe chimayendetsedwa - zomera zamagetsi za mtundu wina wa PGU-450 ndizofunikira, zimagwiritsira ntchito mpweya wa chilengedwe, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwathunthu kwa mpweya wotuluka kumatuluka.

Ecology ndi chitukuko

Ngati n'kotheka, zotsatira za mitundu yonse ya zotsatira zolakwika pa zochitika m'deralo m'deralo zachepetsedwa. Zolinga za akatswiri a mphamvu za mphamvu za Kaliningrad kuti zowonjezera ntchito mumzinda ndi dera ndikumanga msewu wachiwiri wautentha komanso kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi mbali ya Lithuania ponena za kutumiza kwa magetsi ndi magetsi.