Classic m'madera a zamaganizo ndi zamakono

Psychology - sayansi ya moyo. Ndi kuti tidziwa khalidwe la munthu, kusintha boma mkati, kudziwa imene munthu akhoza bwino anazindikira, ndi zina zambiri.

mbali zosiyanasiyana za kuwerenga maganizo kumene kulipo lero, kusanduka pa nthawi yaitali ndipo panali monga zofunikira: pamene akatswiri anakumana ndi vuto zovuta kuti sangathe anathana ndi njira wogwila, iwo anakakamizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zatsopano kuti, pamene ogwira ndipo anakhala nthambi osiyana .

M'nkhaniyi, ife chimatanthauza akuluakulu, komanso kuti chikanachitika posachedwapa.

mumaganiza Main Psychology

Poyamba kuwerenga maganizo ogaŵikana mitundu iwiri: wofunikila (ongolankhula m'munsi) ndi ntchito (zothandiza). Iwo cholukanalukana ndi mnzake mu kuwerenga maganizo othandiza "amakankhira" theorists zimene muyenera kuphunzira, ndi iwo, nawonso, kupereka zochita zambiri zomwe angatsatire dongosolo otukuka. Choncho, Boma awiriwa ngofanana ndi ofunika.

chidziwitso wofunikila wa zamaganizo yagawidwa makampani wa zamaganizo ambiri. Apa, anthu olamulidwa anthu wamba njira maganizo , kaya adzaoneka m'dera lililonse la moyo.

Ntchito amachita malonda ndi nkhani yomwe okha zochita mbadwa anthu kapena zinthu zosiyanasiyana, chuma chawo, zaka ndi magawo ena. Ndi Cholinga zayamba kusintha malo ena: Mwachitsanzo, kuwerenga maganizo banja, kukhazikitsa ndi ena.

The phunziro la General Psychology:

• amadziwikira ndi makhalidwe ake (general);
• kumverera;
• kuzindikira;
• kuganiza;
• chikumbukiro;
• m'maganizo;
• afunira;
• mtima ndi khalidwe.

Zinthu kuphunzira kuwerenga maganizo ntchito

• ntchito yophunzitsa (khalidwe ndi kudzikonda kudziwitsa ana, opereka chithandizo, ndi aphunzitsi Al.);
• ntchito;
• zipangizo zachipatala;
• kasamalidwe.

Apa tikuona mbali zoterozo wa zamaganizo monga: zamaganizo maphunziro, ntchito, zomangamanga, kasamalidwe kuwerenga maganizo, malamulo, zaka, ndi mankhwala.

Maphunziro ndi kakulidwe kuwerenga maganizo ndi inakula. Malinga ndi zaka mwana anathandiza mu anatengera ake kuti anthu ndipo anapanga mphamvu kusintha kwa kuloŵerera bwino kudziwa. Anagwiritsanso akulu thandizo amene amafunikanso kuphunzitsidwa: zamaganizo amayankha makhalidwe ndi luso lawo, ndipo ndi mfundo imeneyi, amapereka malangizo pa njira zophunzitsira ndi kusintha dzuwa la mayamwidwe zinthu zatsopano.

Mwa nthambi ntchito za kuwerenga maganizo ndi kuyezetsa maganizo nthandala, amene zikugwira kuphunzira psyche wa ana ndi akulu deta. Mwa njira wotchuka kwambiri ndi mayeso maganizo, chomwe ndi mafunso, kapena amafuna wodwalayo kujambula chithunzi, kusankha mtundu, ndi zina zotero.

Medical kuwerenga maganizo ndi m'mphepete mwa maganizo ngati chinthu kuphunzira - malire boma odwala, kumene kusintha mavuto maganizo ndi matenda okhudza ubongo. Izi ndi malo wovuta kwambiri wa zamaganizo, chifukwa amadziwa ngati munthu aliri tidzakhalabe zosiyanasiyana zachilendo, kapena kuwasandutsa kudwala kuti amafuna mankhwala ali ndi zamaganizo.

Malangizo waukulu wa zamaganizo zamakono

M'ma 20 anali sitepe yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa maganizo, monga tawerenga kuti dziko la anthu anzeru amene achita zinthu zothandiza kwambiri kwa kuwerenga maganizo sayansi, kuwulula njira zatsopano ndi njira kuphunzira ndi ntchito munthu naye. Pakati pawo wambiri zowoneka zachilendo kumvetsetsa chakale wa munthu, kumene applicable, monga njira atypical ya kusintha makhalidwe maganizo.

m'madera amenewo wa zamaganizo, psychoanalysis, wotsogolera, logotherapy, psychodrama, kuwerenga maganizo chidziwitso ndi NLP mu dziko lero ndi zachilendo, ndipo ambiri Chofunika aona kuti njira yabwino. Njira iliyonse - chinsinsi munthu makamaka, ndi njira kuthetsa vutolo, kotero ndikofunika kudziwa njira izi zimatha kukopa pazipita pa mtima.

Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud anayambitsa ndi umalimbana kuphunzira mphamvu ya libido, kumene monga woyambitsa wa malangizo, ndipo zimadalira kapangidwe ka psyche ndi waukulu khalidwe makhalidwe a munthu. Komanso, chigawo chino wa zamaganizo khalidwe accentuated tcheru ubwana munthu pamene zitsanzo zikuluzikulu ndi olakwika, malingaliro za moyo ndi dziko.

Ndiye maganizo kuperekedwa ndi Freud, Carl Jung anapitiriza kusintha zinthu zina. Iye anawonjezera dera psychoanalysis, kuwonjezera munthu chikomokere, ndi gulu atakomoka. Apa iye anayamba mfundo archetypes - mafano pachiyambi kuti alipo wina aliyense, koma amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana kuwonetseredwa. Phunziro la psyche wake Jung amanena kulabadira maloto, amene kumaonekera mwa zithunzi adzadziwire munthu ndi zokhumba zake woona ndi maganizo.

m'madera amenewo wa zamaganizo monga psychodrama ndi logotherapy, si monga wamba monga mafakitale ena amakono. The psychodrama ndi kuuzana zokumana nazo pakati pa gululi ndi zochita thupi, amene umalimbana Kuwulura wa munthu ndi umatha kulenga. Logotherapy amapereka kupeza cholinga cha moyo, ndiye munthu adzatha kuthetsa awo onse mavuto a m'maganizo. Komabe, tanthauzo la moyo ndi kukhala zotheka, kuti panalibe kukhumudwa. The njira zofunika kuti ndiyambe kulankhula - Socratic kukambirana, omwe ndi othandiza mu neuroses, phobias ndi maganizo.

Choncho, njira maganizo ndi zambiri malo, ndi lero mukhoza kuyankhula mu kuwerenga maganizo ngati sayansi Integrated ndi kwathunthu, koma ndi ya Boma ndi machitidwe a chidziwitso maganizo.