Galimoto photo- ndi kugwirizana malamulo

Automate kotunga kuyatsa mu nyumba, mu nyumba kapena pa msewu zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito chotchinga kuwala. Pamene kukhazikitsidwa bwino, adzatembenuza magetsi pamene izo zifika mdima ndi nthawi ya masana. zipangizo zamakono amapanga makonda, chifukwa chimene ntchito akhoza anapereka monga kuwala. Iwo ali mbali ya dongosolo la "anzeru nyumba", kutenga mbali yofunika ya ntchito za eni. Chiwembu photoelectric makamaka zizindikiro resistor izo zimasintha kukana atadziŵa kuwala. N'zosavuta kusonkhanitsa ikonza manja awo.

Mfundo ntchito

Kulumikizana chithunzi kwa sensa photoelectric zikuphatikizapo msewu kuunikira, mphamvu ndi actuator. PR1 photoconductor ndi kuwala kusintha kukana. Kumasintha ukulu wa kudutsa ndi magetsi inawadutsa therethrough. Mbendera ndi nakweza gulu transistor VT1, VT2 (Darlington dera) ndipo muzikachokera amaperekedwa kwa actuator amene ali ndi mu atomu kulandirana K1.

Mu kukana mdima wa photosensor ndi milliohms ochepa. Mu zotsatira za kuwunika langokhala ohms ochepa. Chachikulu transistor VT1, VT2, kupanga kulandirana K1, katundu kulamulira dera kudzera kukhudzana K1.1. VD1 diode panopa alibe pochitika kudziona inductance wa kulandirana.

Ngakhale kuphweka ake, photoelectric dera ali ndi kulingalira mkulu. Kunena kuti mlingo namfunsa, ntchito resistor R1.

Mphamvu kotunga amusankha pa zoikamo kulandirana ndipo 5-15 V. kumulowetsa panopa 50 MA. Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera izo, inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri transistors ndi yolandirana. Tilinazo chotchinga kuwala kumawonjezera ndi mwa kundipatsako voteji.

M'malo photoresist akhoza anapereka photodiode. Ngati ndi kotheka sensa ndi kuchuluka tilinazo dera ntchito ndi phototransistors. ntchito zawo m'pofunika kuti apulumutse magetsi, monga malire osachepera ochiritsira chipangizo actuation 5 Lx, pamene zinthu pafupi alipobe mpaka lero. Pakhomo 2 limafanana lx madzulo kwambiri, kenako pambuyo Mphindi 10 mdima.

Photo- bwino ntchito ngakhale pamene Buku kuwala ulamuliro, chifukwa inu mukhoza kuiwala zimitsani magetsi, ndi kachipangizo mwini "kusamalira" kwa icho. Ndi zovuta kukhazikitsa, ndipo mtengo ndi Kufikika ndithu.

makhalidwe maselo dzuwa

Kusankha chotchinga kuwala anatsimikiza ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• tilinazo wa photocell ya;
• kotunga voteji;
• kusintha mphamvu;
• chilengedwe kunja.

Tilinazo amakhala ngati chiŵerengero cha photocurrent kwaiye kuti ukulu wa kunja kuwala kamwazi ndi amayezedwa uA / lm. Izo zimatengera pafupipafupi (kawalidwe) ndi kuwala mwamphamvu (yofunika). Kuugwira kuyatsa tsiku ndi tsiku yamasika khalidwe n'kofunika, malingana okwana wowala kamwazi.

The voteji oveteredwa angapezeke pa chipangizo kapena chikalata m'munsichi. Zipangizo kupanga lina mfundo zosiyana voteji.

Mphamvu ya nyali, amene olumikizidwa kwa Chotsekereza kuwala, zimadalira katundu ojambula wake. photoelectric kuunikira chiwembu kungabweretse kusinthitsa mwachindunji kwa nyale mwa ojambula a sensa kapena actuators pamene katundu ndi lalikulu.

Panja madzulo lophimba aikidwa pansi pa losindikizidwa chivundikiro mandala. Iwo zimatetezedwa ku chinyezi ndi mpweya. Pamene ukugwira ntchito mu nthawi yozizira ya magetsi umagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chitsanzo zoduliratu

Poyamba, chiwembu photoelectric kupita manja awo. Tsopano izi si koyenera, monga zipangizo akhala mtengo, bwereza magwiridwe. Iwo ntchito osati kuunikira mkati kapena kunja, komanso ulamuliro wa ulimi wothirira, dongosolo mpweya wabwino ndi ena.

1. Photo- FR-2

Chitsanzo cha prefabrication ankagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zochita zokha, mwachitsanzo, kulamulira kuyatsa msewu. Mukhoza kuona nyali masana, amene anaiwala kuzimitsa. Pamaso pa photocells kulibe ulamuliro Buku kuwala.

Chiwembu photoelectric FR-2 mafakitale opanga ntchito ulamuliro basi wa kuyatsa msewu. Palinso chipangizo kusinthitsa ndi kulandirana K1. M'munsi mwa transistor ndi VT1 chikugwirizana photoresistor CSF G1 ndi resistors R4 ndi R5.

Zoyendetsedwa ndi limodzi-gawo 220 V. Pamene illuminance zazing'ono, kulimbikira CSF G1 waukulu ndipo pa maziko a chizindikiro VT1 ndi osakwanira kwa kutsegula ake. Choncho chatsekedwa ndipo transistor VT2. The K1 kulandirana yoyendetsedwa, ndi kulankhula kwake ntchito atsekedwa, kuchirikiza chiwalitsiro nyali yoyaka.

Pamene illuminance kumawonjezera ku pakhomo Poyankha, yafupika kulimbikira photoresistor ndi kuwatsegula ndi transistor lophimba, ndiyeno akutembenukira pa kulandirana K1, kutsegula dera mphamvu nyali.

2. Mitundu ya photo-

Kusankha zitsanzo waukulu zokwanira kusankha lamanja:

• ndi kachipangizo kutali linali kunja mpanda mankhwala, amene anafotokoza 2 mawaya;
• Maapatimenti 2 - chipangizo ndi kudalilika mkulu ndi mlingo khalidwe;
• photoelectric ndi 12 V ndi katundu sapambana 10 A;
• gawo ndi powerengetsera, wokwera pa Din njanji;
• IEK chipangizo zoweta wopanga ndi mkulu khalidwe ndi magwiridwe;
• Azariya 112 - makina ndi tilinazo mkulu;
• ABB, LPX - opanga odalirika zipangizo khalidwe European.

Njira ya kulumikiza chotchinga kuwala

Isanafike kachipangizo kupeza kuwerenga mowa mphamvu ya nyali ndi kutenga katundu wa 20%. Pamene lalikulu katundu msewu photoelectric chiwembu amapereka unsembe zina za contactor atomu, ndi kumulowetsa amene ayenera kukhala mbali mwa ojambula photoelectric, ojambula mphamvu ndi katundu lophimba.

Nyumba njira imeneyi sikawirikawiri ntchito.

Pamaso khazikitsa mains kufufuzidwa Voteji ~ 220 V. Kugwirizana opangidwa ndi dera matazo. photosensor ali pabwino kotero kuti kuunika kwa kuwala kugwa pa izo.

The chida ntchito malo kwa Kulumikizana, kupanga unsembe mosavuta. Ngati palibe, ntchito bokosi zolumikizanazo.

Kudzera ntchito microprocessors photoelectric Kulumikizana chithunzi ndi zinthu zina anapeza ntchito yatsopano. The ndondomeko ya zochita anapanga ndi powerengetsera ndi zoyenda sensa.

Umene, pamene nyali ndi ndikaona pamene tikudutsa ankafika anthu kapena njira munda. Komanso, kutsegula kumachitika kokha usiku. Kudzera ntchito powerengetsera photoelectric sakulabadira kwa nyali ya kudutsa magalimoto.

Easy kugwirizana powerengetsera dera ndi kachipangizo zoyenda - siriyo. Pakuti zitsanzo mtengo wapadera madera programmable tinapangidwa kutenga nkhani zikhalidwe zosiyana opaleshoni.

Photo- kuunikira msewu

Kugwirizanitsa dera photoelectric umagwiritsidwa ntchito casing lapansi. Angapezeke mu zolembedwa kwa chipangizo.

Kuchokera chida kunja mawaya atatu.

1. Zero wochititsa - wamba ndi nyali ndi kuwala chotchinga (wofiira).
2. Gawo - olumikizidwa kwa chipangizo athandizira (bulauni).
3. A kondakitala angathe kutsatira ndi voteji ku chotchinga kuwala kuwala (buluu).

chipangizo ntchito pa mfundo za kusokoneza kapena gawo kulolerana. Mtundu 'kala' ikusonyeza kuti opanga osiyana zingasiyane. Ngati pali wochititsa "dziko" pa maukonde, kuti chipangizo si chikugwirizana.

Mu zitsanzo ndi kachipangizo Integrated limene lili mkati mwa nyumba mandala, street kuunikira ntchito ndi yoyenda yokha. Kuti m'pofunika yekha kubweretsa chakudya.

Mitundu ndi kuchotsa sensa ntchito ngati kumene pakompyuta stuffing kuwala chotchinga limene lili mu chipinda ulamuliro ndi zipangizo zina. Ndiye apo palibe chifukwa choti kumbali-yekha unsembe, kukoka mphamvu Kulumikizana ndi kukonza pa msinkhu. Unit pakompyuta aikidwa mkati chipinda, ndi kachipangizo utachotsedwapo kunja.

NKHANI chotchinga kuwala kuunikira msewu: chiwembu

Pamene inu kwabasi chotchinga kuwala pa msewu ndi kuganizira zinthu zina.

1. Kukhalapo kwa kotunga voteji 220 V ndi kulankhula lolingana mphamvu ndi katundu.
2. Musati kukhazikitsa zida pafupi zipangizo flammable ndi mapangidwe ankhanza.
3. Unit m'munsi aikidwa pansi.
4. Pamaso kachipangizo sayenera ikulendewera zinthu, monga nthambi za mitengo.

Kulumikizana zachitika kudzera bokosi mphambano kwa msewu. Iwo wotetezedwa pafupi chotchinga kuwala.

Kusankha photo-

1. The adjustability amalola pakhomo malingana ndi kusintha kwa nthawi, tilinazo sensa kapena nyengo mitambo. Chifukwa ndi mphamvu ndalama.
2. A osachepera ntchito wofunikila unsembe ndi Integrated photoelectric kachipangizo. Izo sikutanthauza luso.
3. Kulandirana powerengetsera ndi bwino ma zosowa zawo ndi ntchito pa khazikika. Mukhoza sintha chipangizo zimitsani usiku. Umboni pa wagawo ndi Kankhani-batani amazilamulira kophweka kusintha.

Pomaliza

Ntchito chotchinga kuwala angathe kukuthandizani kuchepetsa kutsegula nthawi nyali. Tsopano sikulinso koyenera akatswiri lamplighter. Galimoto kuwala chotchinga popanda anthu mu nyali madzulo kuwala m'misewu ndi kuchokera m'mawa. chipangizo angathe kulamulira dongosolo kuyatsa, amene kumawonjezera moyo utumiki wake, ndi kuvumbitsira ntchito mosavuta.