Golgi zovuta

Golgi zovuta anatulukira ndi Kamillo Goldzhi mu chaka cha 1898. Kapangidwe Izi alipo cytoplasm wa pafupifupi onse eukaryotic (zamoyo zigawo apamwamba) maselo, makamaka secretory maselo nyama.

Golgi zovuta. Kapangidwe.

Kapangidwe ndi okwana flattened matumba zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Iwo akutchedwa zitsime. okwana Izi matumba amagwirizana ndi dongosolo la vesicles (mutsanulira Golgi). mosalekeza amapezeka mapangidwe latsopano vesicles akasinja maphatikizidwe kuti idzaphuka ku reticulum endoplasmic (cavities maukonde) kwa mmodzi stacks mapeto a matumba. Kuyambira kusasitsa wina wangwiro ndi thovu kupasuka kachiwiri kumapeto womwewo wa mulu ku mbali mkati mwa thanki. Choncho pali gulu mwapang'onopang'ono akasinja mu mapiri ku mbali lamkati kudzera mbali lakunja.

Kapangidwe thanki amapezeka kusasitsa mapulotini wopita katulutsidwe mapulotini transmembrane wa madzi Kakhungu mapuloteni a lysosomes ndi ena. Kucha wothandizira anasamukira sequentially thanki organelles. Mu pali kungomanga komaliza mapulotini zosintha awo - phosphorylation ndi glycosylation.

chomera maselo yodziwika ndi chiwerengero cha dictyosomes munthu (stacks). Mu maselo nyama zambiri ndi stacks angapo chikugwirizana machubu kapena chimulu chachikulu.

Zida (zovuta) Golgi lili ndi zigawo zinayi zikuluzikulu: a Trans-Golgi network zida CIS-Golgi, ndi Trans-Golgi ndi atolankhani Golgi. Ndi kapangidwe amamangiriridwa komanso ku chipinda wapakatikati (osiyana dera). Iye ankayimiridwa ndi kudzikundikira vesicles Kakhungu pakati reitkulumom ndi CIS-Golgi.

The zida lonse ndi organelle kwambiri polymorphic (multiform). Ngakhale pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana selo limodzi lokha la Golgi zovuta mwina tione osiyana.

zida osiyana ndi asymmetry. Ili pafupi ndi thanki selo phata (CIS-Golgi) muli mapulotini ambiri mwana. Pakuti akasinja kuti amagwira vesicles mosalekeza Kakhungu - vesicles. Mu akasinja osiyana munali wokhala michere zosiyanasiyana (othandizira), zomwe zikusonyeza kuti iwo achokera mapuloteni kukhwima njira zonse zosiyanasiyana.

Golgi zovuta. Ntchito.

Zolinga za dongosolo komanso mankhwala kusinthidwa ndi zoyendera zinthu pakulowamo. Mapuloteni ozama mu zida za ku reticulum endoplasmic ndi gawo lapansi choyambirira cha enzyme ndi. Kubwera ndende ndi kusinthidwa michere mu vesicles kuwapititsa ku malo kutchula. Mwachitsanzo, ili likhoza kukhala kudera la mapangidwe masamba atsopano. Ndi nawo cytoplasmic ndondomeko microtubules kutengerapo akugwira kwambiri.

Golgi zida komanso amachita ntchito kugwirizana zimam'patsa moieties kwa mapuloteni ndi ntchito wotsatira mapulotini izi pomanga nembanemba ndi lysosomes maselo.

Mu ena algae mu kupanga chipangizo Kapangidwe ka ulusi cellulosic.

Golgi ntchito zovuta zosiyanasiyana ndithu. Mwa iwo ayenera utoto

1. Kusanja, kuwonongedwa, kudzikundikira mankhwala secretory.
2. Kudzikundikira mamolekyulu zamadzimadzi ndi mapangidwe lipoproteins.
3. Akamaliza mapuloteni kusinthidwa (posttranslational) monga glycosylation, sulphation ndi zina.
4. Mapangidwe lysosomes.
5. Kutengapo mbali mu mapangidwe acrosome lapansi.
6. The polysaccharide kaphatikizidwe mapangidwe waxes, glycoproteins, mucilages, m'kamwa, masanjidwewo zinthu mu maselo makoma a zomera (pectins, hemicellulose, ndi ena).
7. Contractile vacuole lomenyera losavuta.
8. mbale selo lomenyera chomera maselo pambuyo gulu la phata la.