Gombe la "Caucasus". Sitima, doko "Caucasus"

Gombe la "Caucasus" lakhala lofunika kwambiri pakati pa zandale zovuta kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino. Pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti mutasintha chikhalidwe ndi umwini wa boma ku peninsula ya Crimea, katundu pa sitimayo akudutsapo kwa zaka zopitirira theka kudzawonjezeka nthawi zambiri.

Kuchokera ku mbiriyakale

Mzinda wa Caucasus unakhazikitsidwa m'chaka cha 1953 pofuna kutengera katundu wonyamula katundu ndi katundu wonyamula katundu kupita kuchigawo cha Crimea. Lili pamtunda wotchedwa Spit Chushka, kachigawo kakang'ono kakang'ono ka nthaka ku Kerch Strait. Pofuna kuteteza ku malo osokoneza bongo, malo amadzi a doko amatetezedwa ndi madzi. Kuti apereke kulankhulana kwa sitima, sitima yomweyi "Kavkaz" inamangidwa pano. Sitima yachinyanja ya doko "Kavkaz" - doko la "Crimea" linakonzedwa m'njira yoti, kuphatikiza pa kayendetsedwe ka sitima zapamtunda, inapereka kupereka magalimoto ndi okwera kupita ku doko la mzinda wa Kerch. Zogwiritsa ntchito zidazi zinapereka kayendetsedwe ka galimoto kupyola mu Kerch Strait mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 100 zapitazo. Sitima zapamtunda za sitima zamalonda zinapitirizabe patali pang'ono. Kenaka anachotsedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsinje. M'tsogolomu, doko la "Caucasus" linangotumiza anthu okwera sitima komanso misewu.

Masiku ano

Kuyendetsa ngolo zonyamula katundu pamtunda wa Kerch Strait zaka khumi zapitazo zinayambiranso. Izi zinakhala zotheka mutalandira zitsulo zatsopano ndi kumangidwanso kwa chitukuko cha doko (2004). Ndipo kuyambira m'chilimwe cha 2010, kayendetsedwe ka anthu akuthazikika. Sitimayo "Port Kavkaz" - Kerch m'nyanja yamtunda "(njira) inayamba kukwera ndege zitatu pa tsiku.

Kusintha mbiri ya port

Kusintha kwachuma kwa zaka makumi khumi zapitazo kunafunikira kusintha kwakukulu muzitsogozo zonse za doko, lomwe linamangidwa kokha kuti lipereke maulendo apansi. Pambuyo pa nyengo yamakono, doko la "Caucasus" linatenga malo atsopano ndipo linayamba kugwira nawo mbali yaikulu pakuonetsetsa malonda kunja kwa Russian Federation. Kuti izi zitheke, makonzedwe angapo atsopano ndi zomangamanga zinamangidwa, zosungidwa ndikusungira katundu wa makampani oyeretsera mankhwala ndi mafuta. Zonsezi zinali zofunikira kuti zitsimikizidwe zofunikira zogulitsa kunja malinga ndi mgwirizano wotsiriza. Koma, mwatsoka, malo osungirako osungirako zakudya ndi feteleza zamchere ndi zina zambiri zogulitsa zinachititsa kuti zinthu zamoyo ziwonongeke kwambiri m'dera la Chushka ndi malo a madzi a Kerch Strait.

Njira yatsopano ya chitukuko

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kupatulapo chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha Kerch, doko la "Caucasus" lakhala loyambira pa mizere iwiri yatsopano. Kuyambira February 2009, sitima yapamtunda yopita ku doko "Varna" ku Bulgaria wakhala ikugwira bwino ntchito. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zombo zamakono zamakono "Avangard" ndi "Slavyanin", zomwe zimatha kutenga magalimoto okwana makumi asanu a usinkhu umodzi paulendo umodzi. Zida zamtengo wapatali ndi zinthu zopangidwa bwino, mpweya wamadzi ndi zipangizo zomanga. Ndipo kuyambira m'chaka cha autumn 2011, chombo chotembenukira ku doko la Turkey "Zonguldak" chinayikidwa pa ntchito yamalonda. Ng'ombe ya "ANT-2" motere imapita kamodzi pa sabata ndipo makamaka imabweretsa magalimoto ndi anthu okwera. Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino yopitira ku malo otchuka a ku Turkey ku gombe la Mediterranean kwa iwo omwe safuna ngakhale kuchoka galimoto yawo ngakhale pa tchuthi. Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa Antalya ndi ozungulira a Russia, malangizo awa ndi odalirika kwambiri.

Kulimbana ndi zochitika zaposachedwapa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2014

Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa chilumba cha Crimea kupita ku ulamuliro wa Russia, njira yolankhulirana yomwe ikudutsa pa doko "Kavkaz" yakula kwambiri. Ng'ombeyi, yomwe inali ndi ndondomeko zakale kwambiri idadalira nyengo, tsopano imakhala njira yofunikira kwambiri yolankhulirana ndi peninsula kubwerera ku Russia. Katundu pamtsinje wa Kerch akudutsa kale kwambiri pakalipano. Ndipo ziri zomveka kuganiza kuti kutuluka kwa katundu ndi okwera pamtunda mu nthawi yochepa kumangowonjezera. Ntchito yaikulu yomwe idzafike pamapeto a nyengo yoyendera alendo. Zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri chifukwa chakuti kulankhulana kwa njanji kupyolera mu Ukraine kudera la Crimea kuli pansi pa funso lalikulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe ka okwera pakati pa nyengo ya alendo, Kerch akudutsa sangathe kupirira. Pakalipano, nkhani yothetsera zombo zatsopano kuchokera ku madoko a Anapa ndi Novorossiysk ikuganiziridwa. Adzatumizidwa, kudutsa Kerch, ku madoko a Sevastopol, Yalta ndi Theodosia.

Zolinga za mtanda wa Kerch

Funso la kumanga mlatho wolumikizana ndi Crimea ndi Caucasus kunalimbikitsidwa mobwerezabwereza ngakhale mu nthawi ya USSR, koma kuzindikira konkire kwa cholinga ichi kunali kosatheka kufika. Mlatho womwe uli pamtunda wa Kerch Strait ukugwedezeka. Ntchitoyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, imayenera kupereka njira zodalirika zoyankhulirana pakati pa mainland ndi peninsula. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyendetsa sitima yopanda madzi pamtunda wa Kerch Strait kumbali ya Nyanja ya Azov ndi kumbuyo kuyenera kuonetsetsedwa. Ntchito yomanga malo osungirako zovuta ngati imeneyi sizingatheke pakanthawi kochepa. Koma ngakhale mlathowu utamangidwa, doko la "Caucasus Port" - "doko" la Crimea "lidzakhalabe lolankhulana lofunika kwambiri. Zapita kale kuposa cholinga chake choyambirira ndipo zakhala zofunikira kwambiri mu malonda akunja a Russian Federation. Ndilo kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka katundu. Pakalipano, chiwongoladzanja chaka chilichonse cha doko chili pafupi ndi matani 8 miliyoni. Motero, doko la Caucasus silidzataya phindu ngakhale pambuyo pa njanji ndi magalimoto kudutsa mlatho watsopano kudutsa Kerch Strait.