Grand Palace, Peterhof: kufotokoza, mbiri, zomangamanga ndi chidwi mfundo

Osati kale litali, Grand Palace (Peterhof) anakondwerera chikumbutso ake 300th. Kwa zaka zingapo, akale yotentha okhala mafumu a kutsogolo wakhala inextricably zogwirizana ndi mbiri ya dzikoli. Mwanyanja mapulani gulu loyimba inamangidwa monga chachikulu kupambana chipilala nalemekeza ukulu wa Russian Ufumu, zomwe pa nkhondo Northern, anapambana mwayi wake zofunika kwambiri kwa nyanja ya Baltic. The Grand Palace ndi otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse kukopa alendo, amene amakopa anthu a m'dziko lonse lapansi. Chinapangidwa ndi Bartolomeo Rastrelli chipilala kwa zaka zambiri anamusilira omvera zapamwamba ake ndi chofunika.

Wa mudziwe mbiri ya Palace

Grand Palace, Peterhof, pathupi ngati dziko okhala Mfumu Petra Velikogo. Poyamba, inali nyumba wodzichepetsa, amene ankatchedwa zomwe zili (Upper) Komiti. Malo kumangira zokopa ano anatola Petr Veliky yekha. Mfumu amadziwikanso ndi mapulani maonekedwe a nyumba yachifumu. Zinali kukhala nyumba, anamanga mu kalembedwe wotchedwa Petrine Baroque, amene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku likulu latsopano la St. Petersburg State. Peterhof inamangidwa pa 1714-1725 nthawi. Poyamba, ntchitoyi wake, Jean-Baptiste Leblond, ndipo kenako - Nikolo Miketti. Mu ulamuliro wa Elizabeth malo anamangidwanso: monga chitsanzo anali anagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Versailles wamanga Jules Hardouin-Mansart ndi Lui Levo.

Pali tsiku lina analenga zokopa. Choncho, Grand Palace - Peterhof - anayamba kumanga kumbuyo mu 1710. Koma izi kunapezeka kuti chiyambi cha kulephera pamapeto. Kukagwira ntchito wamanga Johann Braunstein sankaona mbali ya gawo, ndipo yomanga anayamba kupereka otsala. Chifukwa ntchito yomanga anapatsidwa Leblond. ntchito chake chidachotsedwa nkhani pansi m'zigawo, chimene negates ndi subsidence wa nthaka pansi nyumbayi. Latsopano wamanga wakulitsidwa pamafelemu a nyumba ndi mazenera, kotero kuti nyumba anayamba kuyang'ana otchuka kwambiri. Complete yomanga m'nyumba ya kale Nikolo Miketti. ntchito zake zidakhala tambirimbiri symmetrical anapereka ku mbali zonse pamodzi kutalika kwa Peterhof.

Lero tikuona yachifumu njira zaka 1747-1754 anam'bweretsera Bartolomeo Rastrelli.

Kukongola - zoopsa mphamvu

Grand Palace, Peterhof - kwenikweni ndi nyumba amazipanga kukongola. Njirayi imatchedwa "adherent" liniya chosokonekera, kuyambira m'munsi mamita 300 wa wapakamwa dongosolo Baroque chinthu imatsogoleredwa pa Gulf wa Finland. Nsanja ndi balustrade ndi, lili pa bwalo la nyumba ya ntchito monga malo omwe anaganiza modabwa pa Grand kugwa kapena Nyanja Ngalande. nthawi yoyamba kuti apambane kumbuyo udindo wa panyumba ya masitepe chachikulu.

Yomanga ndi mamangidwe a Peterhof ankaganiza kuti zinthu zing'onozing'ono kulenga chinthu ndi maganizo anzeru, amene anakhala ndi moyo kuposa bwinobwino. The nyumba womwewo ndi mochititsa zikugwirizana malo ozungulira, kuti wamanga mkulu wa St. Petersburg Leblon ina ananena kuti kukopa ndi chimodzi mwa zozizwitsa amene ayenera kuonedwa kuti ndi woweruza kukongola kwawo.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

The Grand Palace mu Peterhof, wamanga anapatsidwa pamwamba - ndiko kuchimake kwa kwathunthu mapulani gulu loyimba wa Peterhof. Izi chipangizo atatu-storey nyumba tambirimbiri ili m'mphepete mwa zachilengedwe 16-mita bwalo ndi kufika kutalika mamita 300. Kutalika kwa gawo chapakati mamita 17 Palace. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi chishango embossed ndi monogram a Peter Ine ndi mfumu korona.

woumba Gilded Korona chotsekeracho. Mpingo ndi sitampu thupi ndi domes mphako zlachenymi symmetrically anaika mbali zonse za lolamulila. The makina vane, kusonyeza mphungu atatu mutu atatambasula mapiko, atagwira chiombankhanga ndodo yake ndi orb, akumaliza mzikiti sitampu nyumba. Orthodox mtanda, mkuuka mamita 27 mkulu, pamwamba pake pali mzikiti ndi kutsogolera zisanu ozungulira Mpingo wa nyumba ya. tambirimbiri Single-storey kulumikiza mbali yaikulu ya nyumba yachifumu ndi hulls awiri.

Chidwi nkhani Rastrelli

Gulani matikiti ku Grand Peterhof Palace Liima ndi kuyang'ana namatetule kulenga ya Rastrelli. The wamanga kwambiri anandiitana ku Dvorets Elizavetoy Petrovnoy, ndipo pafupifupi anatenga mpandowachifumu, anayamba kukonzanso m'nyumba ya. Mu 1745 Bartolomeo anayamba kukhala zojambula latsopano. Palace pakati kumanzere momwe izo zinaliri, ndi nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Peter Wamkulu. kusintha bwanji tambirimbiri lateral kuti zonse za Heraldic ndi mpingo nyumba.

Rastrelli analamulidwa m'njira yapadera kuti kukongoletsa ndinkakonda. Iye amayenera kukhala watanthauzo ngati n'kotheka, ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito gilding. Wazomangamanga athane ndi ntchito: analenga nyumba zabwino choposa kukongola kwa Versailles yokha. Elizaveta Petrovna anakhalabe kukhuta kwambiri ndi ntchito ya mwapang'ono, koma salipidwa limodzi khobidi wamanga.

maholo 30 a nyumba yachifumu

Pa kutaya yachifumu ndi za 30 zipinda, amene ayenera kunyadira ndi makhalidwe. Nyumba ya Grand Palace mu Peterhof pamodzi mwa Iye yekha zapamwamba zonse za dongosolo lino. zipinda zonse chachikulu cha nyumbayi zili ndendende pa "Malamulo Palace" - pa nsanja yachiwiri. Mwachitsanzo, Chesmensky chipinda anali otani chipinda kuyembekezera mwambo, mwanjira ina. Nyumba ya Akalirole wa Versailles anakhala zinachitika chifukwa chilichonse Dancehall mu Peterhof. SLR yabodza mazenera, trompe l'oeil anali yapadera malo awa.

The kwambiri danga anali Mpandowachifumu Hall. Malo ukufika mamita lalikulu 330. Chipinda chino anali wochezeka malo zoimbaimba, mipira ndi madyerero a chikhalidwe boma. Chithunzi Hall ndi wamkulu nyumba malo. Komanso, poyamba anali lalikulu ndi yabwino chipinda. Mwa nyumba boma anali mwini theka chogona, zimbudzi, lachifumu zipinda salons. Only madona pafupifupi mwayi nyumba.

Zipinda m'bwalo

Amazipanga chidwi Alendo ambiri akhoza kukhala ulendo kuti Peterhof ndi Tinapita ku Grand Palace. Zosaneneka kusangalala chifukwa makabati Chinese ndi thundu nduna ya Peter I. woyamba chipinda, mtengo ndi golide shimmering, ngati zithunzi Chinese lacquer. A Oak nduna zitetezedwe zakale ndi mbiri wobwezeretsedwa ndi lodalirika pazipita.

Palace mu XIX-XX zaka

The Grand Palace mu Peterhof, kalembedwe amene amatchedwa Petrine Baroque, kuchokera mu 1845 mpaka 1850 anali pang'ono kukakonza ndi wamanga A. I. Shtakenshneyderom. Iye zikugwira superstructure wa mapiko kum'mawa, ndipo kenako anapanga yachifumu moyenera zikuchokera ndi kuupereka chosokonekera.

Pambuyo Wamkulu October kuukira boma, nyumba yachifumu inasanduka Museum mbiri ndi luso. The Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo pafupifupi kuwonongedwa kukopa: Nazi anaba mbali yaikulu ya zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zakale, ndi nyumba yachifumu chinaperekedwa ku moto ndi shelling.

Mapulani, azambiriyakale, lokonza ndi ambuye osiyanasiyana mu 1952 pa nyumba zawo kuchokera ku mabwinja a Great Palace. Ndipo mu 1956 izo kachiwiri anakhazikitsa mzikiti gilded. Chithunzicho holo ndi chipinda choyamba zilipo kuyang'anira pa Museum wa Great Palace. Chochitika zinachitika mu 1964.

Tsopano kukopeka ndi Mbiri Yakale ndipo Art Museum.

Ulendowu ku nyumba yachifumu

Ulendo kuti Peterhof Grand Palace - chochitika kuti nyengo mkulu alendo, ulendo yosavuta kwa anthu ndi kovuta. Panthawi imeneyi kukopa ali wotanganidwa makamaka ndi magulu ulendo yachilendo. March ndi April - izi ndi miyezi ya pa chaka, pamene mukhoza kupita alendo Russian. Mu miyezi ena onse chinthu ali makamaka anachezeredwa ndi magulu ochokera m'mayiko.

Matikiti ulendo si wotchipa (by zikwi). phindu zimatengera mtundu wa chikudutsa anagula. Komanso n'komwe kuti mlendo ndi mlendo kapena ayi, ndipo ndi chizindikiro chake chikhalidwe.