Haloperidol: Malangizo Kusamala

The phunziro la m'nkhaniyi ndi mankhwala "Haloperidol", malangizo amene chuma unatenga maziko.

Haloperidol (Haloperidol), Haloperidol Decanoate (kwa akatemera), haloperidol akutsikira - kwambiri amphamvu kwambiri kukonzekera psychoactive a sipekitiramu lonse kanthu. Iye ali zaka aulemu mbiri ya mankhwala a matenda aakulu a m'maganizo ndi ubongo - zaka 55 (anayamba ndi kuyesedwa mu kampani Belgium "Janssen Pharmaceutica" mu 1957).

Mankhwala amatanthauza gulu la antipsychotics kapena neuroleptics. Choncho ankatchedwa mpaka mu mankhwala ndi pharmaceutics 1990s sizinayambe neuroleptics (antipsychotic) m'badwo watsopano. Kenako Haloperidol ankatchedwa lililonse antipsychotic (TN) kapena antipsychotic lililonse (TA). mbadwo watsopano wa mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, quetiapine, olanzapine, ndi ena.) amatchedwa antipsychotics atypical (AN) kapena antipsychotics atypical (AA). Kusiyana pakati pa mibadwo ya mankhwala mwina chosintha kufunika mankhwala. Nkofunika kudziwa mmene oopsa Haloperidol. Zotsatira zake zoyipa kuti nthawi zina kuyambitsa matenda zina zofuna mankhwala osiyana.

Ena AA (Seroquel), zotsatirapo zimenezi sizinachitike wapezeka.

Haloperidol, malangizo amene imatengedwa mu pepala ili, alidi osiyanasiyana yaikulu ntchito. Ndi zokwanira kuti atchule matenda amene ankachitira ndi tanthauzo lake kuti zinadziwika kufunika kuti ali mu yochizira matenda.

Haloperidol ntchito milandu zotsatirazi:

• Psychomotor malemeredwe chiyambi osiyana: kukonda (overexcitation ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa khalidwe loopsa) milandu maganizo retardation (retardation maganizo), umunthu matenda (matenda a cognition ndi khalidwe), misala (akwaniritse kudziwika matenda m'bongo), aakulu uchidakwa;
• matenda onyenga (kulephera kusiyanitsa weniweni ku dziko kungoganiza zenizeni);
• Hallucinatory matenda (kukhulupirira mtheradi onyenga Makutu kapena zochitika zithunzi zenizeni, amene kwenikweni kulibe);
• Tourette ndi matenda mawonetseredwe (kukokana kwa minofu nkhope, musanaganizire kutsinzinira, grimacing sostraivanie, osamvera kutukwana);
• Chiwonetsero cha chorea Huntington (a katundu ndi oopsa kuphwanya kayendedwe mpaka imfa kwathunthu kwa mugwirizano, sizingasinthe pang'onopang'ono kupotozedwa kulankhula ndi maganizo, mwapang'onopang'ono ubongo akufa; m'tsogolo - erasure wathunthu kudziwitsa komanso kusowa ulamuliro wa ntchito galimoto, matenda osachiritsika - akhoza pang'ono chabe kuvutika kwa mtima, mu Nthawi zambiri kuthetsa imfa ya mtima);
• Chiwonetsero cha matenda choganiza (omwe si kwathunthu ukugwirizana ndi somatic anasamutsa - palibe matenda okhudza ubongo, komanso si angafotokoze panopa matenda maganizo);
• Chiwonetsero cha matenda khalidwe ana ndi odwala okalamba;
• Chiwonetsero cha chibwibwi;
• Mawonetseredwe khola ndi zisathe hiccups kusanza, osati kupereka njira zina zochizira.
• Pakuti zosiyanasiyana mankhwala "Haloperidol Decanoate" - wothandiza mankhwala pamene zizindikiro za akuchita misala.

Zotsatira zoyipazi - Haloperidol

ndi mavuto a haloperidol ali chiyani? Guide limatiuza za izi momveka bwino kwambiri.

Zotsatira pa wamanjenje dongosolo ndi ziwalo imalandira:

• Zochitika akathisia (m'chikaiko chowakaikitsa);
• Chodabwitsa dystonic matenda extrapyramidal (kuphipha a nkhope khosi ndi minofu kumbuyo, kayendedwe, tics, kukokana kufooka kwa manja ndi miyendo);
• The zochitika za Parkinson matenda extrapyramidal (movutikira pamene akulankhula ndi Pomeza, ndi "maskoobraznym nkhope" - m'makwinya a minofu ndi khungu ankawachotsera kunja, nkhope akuti sakugwirizana maganizo shuffling, manja ndi zala - kugwedeza (kugwedeza);
• Chodabwitsa mutu, zambiri verging pa mumamva;
• Kusowa tulo chodabwitsa;
• The chododometsa kugonagona (mwinanso ndi kusinthana kugonagona ndi tulo);
• The chododometsa nkhawa, nkhawa, chisangalalo, mukubwadamuka (kutengeka);
• Chodabwitsa euphoria (mwachisawawa boma la chisangalalo zamagulu ndi m'malo yaitali - Pankhaniyi wodwala safuna osangalala);
• The chododometsa maganizo (wodzikweza boma maganizo, nthawi zambiri - tikamapita ku moyo ndi kumwalira);
• The chododometsa mphwayi (boma la "imfa akuoneka" - ntchito zonse za imfa thupi otsanzira ndi kalekale ntchito zonse zofunika adzabwezedwa);
• Khunyu (zopweteka ndi imfa ya matenda chikumbumtima);
• The chododometsa ya chisokonezo;
• Nthawi exacerbation (akuchuluka, akuchuluka) psychosis;
• Milandu kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo;
• Chodabwitsa dyskinesia tardive (onani "kusamala chofunika".);
• Milandu kuphwanya acuity zithunzi, chodabwitsa cha ng'ala (clouding ya mandala mu diso), chodabwitsa retinopathy (retinal mtima matenda diso).

The kanthu pa dongosolo mtima, njira ya hematopoiesis:

• Chodabwitsa tachycardia (chinawonjezeka kugunda kwa mtima);
• Nthawi oopsa / hypotension (mkulu kapena otsika magazi);
• Milandu arrhythmia yamitsempha yamagazi (chisokonezo kwa kumenyedwa mtima mungoli);
• Chithunzi amasintha pa ECG (electrocardiogram zoipa mtima);
• Milandu imfa yadzidzidzi ya chiyambi mtima;
• Nthawi chosakhalitsa leukocytosis ndi leukopenia (kuchepetsa kapena kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera, anati chifooke katundu poteteza thupi, kuopsa khansa magazi);
• erythropenia chodabwitsa (kuchepa kwa chiwerengero maselo a magazi, akuti kupanda mpweya magazi, ngozi za khansa magazi);
• Milandu magazi m'thupi (kusowa kwa magazi magazi, limanenanso za kuperewera kwa mpweya mu thupi, oopsa pamaso pa njira yotupa);
• agranulocytosis chodabwitsa (kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha granulocytes - maselo granular magazi udindo woteteza thupi ku matenda, kutupa koopsa katundu, kuchepetsa ngozi - yatsoka khansa magazi).

Action dongosolo kupuma:

• laryngospasm chodabwitsa (movutikira Pomeza ndi kulankhula);
• Chodabwitsa bronchospasm (kupuma movutikira - onse mu mphumu).

The kanthu pa mundawo m'mimba

• Nthawi a anorexia (kukana chakudya kudzera kusanza, kutopa oopsa ndipo ngakhale imfa njala);
• Milandu kudzimbidwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba;
• Zochitika hypersalivation (lokambirana salimbikitsa malovu otaya);
• Nthawi Neukratimoy kuchita nseru, kusanza;
• Kupondelezedwa kwa chiwindi;
• The chodabwitsa cha matenda a chikasu ndiyo obstructive (mawotchi blockage wa ducts ya ndulu).

Zotsatira pa dongosolo genitourinary

• Mammary zopangitsa - chodabwitsa engorgement (coarsening);
• Nthawi atypical katulutsidwe (zachilendo kumaliseche) mkaka;
• Chodabwitsa mastalgia (ululu chifuwa);
• Chodabwitsa gynecomastia (kuchuluka chifuwa zopangitsa amuna);
• Posasangalala msambo;
• Zochitika mkodzo posungira;
• Milandu mpheto;
• Nthawi zosadziwika kuwonjezeka libido;
• Milandu priapism (yaitali erection popanda chifukwa chenicheni).

Action pa khungu

• Milandu kusintha khungu: maculopapular (totupa, wopangidwa mwa mawanga ndi okwera khungu) ndi akneobraznyh (totupa, wopangidwa mwa ziphuphu zakumaso, ziphuphu);
• Chodabwitsa photosensitivity (aakulu kutupa kwa khungu atadziŵa kuwala);
• Milandu alopecia (tsitsi imfa).

zotsatira zina mbali

• Chodabwitsa neuroleptic zilonda syndrome (kutentha limatuluka pamwamba madigiri 40, wosiyana thukuta, amachepetsa kuthamanga umachoka mkodzo involuntarily, "dzanzi" minofu, anakomoka, chikomokere amapezeka kufanana boma zifukwa sanamvetse, palibe mankhwala anayamba imfa Nkosatheka ..);
• Milandu hyperprolactinemia (owonjezera timadzi prolactin - chifukwa cha osabereka ndi kutha oyambirira a msambo);
• Chodabwitsa hyperglycemia (mkulu shuga) ndi hypoglycemia (otsika shuga);
• Nthawi hyponatremia (otsika ndi sodium zili m'magazi ndi oopsa edema ubongo).

Odwala amene, ngakhale pamaso pa contraindications, haloperidol, mabanja awo ayenera kukambirana vuto dokotala anu ndi kuitanitsa m'malo kopita, ngati nkotheka.

A kukonzekereratu zofunika ndi haloperidol

Mu njira ya mankhwala anawulula zotsatirazi mumaganiza zoopsa:

• Okalamba odwala amene ali psychosis kugwirizana ndi maganizo (senile kuiwalaiwala) ali pa chiopsezo. Iwo anati chodziwa imfa. chifukwa kuti akhale mavuto m'munda wa matenda a mtima - zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, imfa ya nthumbi, chibayo. antipsychotics atypical, zomwe zina ndi otetezeka haloperidol, mu nkhani iyi, kupereka chithunzi thunzi cha chiopsezo kuti TA.
• Milandu dyskinesia tardive pambuyo ntchito nthawi yaitali kapena achire wa mankhwala (musanaganizire rhythmic kusuntha lilime, maso, pakamwa ndi nsagwada - monga chinenero oumbidwa, masaya mpweya, milomo yake kufota, pali chodabwitsa kayendedwe kusalankhula kutafuna, kayendedwe musanaganizire wa miyendo ndi thunthu). chiwerengero cha odwala ndi kulisiya tardive dyskinesia. Amafuna kuchotsa mankhwala.
• Nthawi matenda extrapyramidal (onani. "Zotsatira zake zoyipa")
• Milandu kuvutika mtima, kuphatikizapo entailing mwadzidzidzi mtima imfa.

Mndandanda wa mavuto ndi kuopsa kugwirizana ndi ntchito haloperidol imasonyeza vuto lalikulu kugwirizana ndi ntchito ya mankhwala. Haloperidol ndi woopsa kwambiri. Madokotala ntchito mu anthu ambiri (makamaka maganizo), pali mwayi wosankha zovuta. Pa dzanja limodzi, kuchitira matenda pamwamba mpaka posachedwapa sikunali kotheka popanda haloperidol. Komano, ntchito zake kumafuna kusamala kwambiri ndi wokonzeka dokotala pa nthawi iliyonse kuyamba mankhwala zina, nthawi kotsutsana ndi zizindikiro osafunika ndi syndromes, amene amapereka yokha Haloperidol. malipoti Buku: pangozi kukhala zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala ayenera zimafika. Koma ambiri a milandu zimenezi sizingatheke, chifukwa chiyembekezo chakuti kungachititse kuti exacerbation wa matenda chachikulu.

A njira tsankho vuto anapatsidwa AA - makamaka Seroquel (quetiapine), umene sanaonepo matenda extrapyramidal ndi dyskinesia, ndipo zotsatira achire ochepa mphamvu kuposa haloperidol. Komabe, kunena kuti AA ndithudi bwino TA akadali molawirira kwambiri - kofunika kupitiriza kufufuza matenda ndi kuyang'anila othandiza.