Udindo zamoyo madzi. ngati moyo n'zotheka popanda madzi

Madzi - ndi mbali yofunika ya moyo wathu. Kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za dziko lapansili wotanganidwa ndi nyanja ndi nyanja. Chirichonse chimene paliponse, sipangakhalenso popanda H ₂ O molekyulu Ngakhale anthu ndi 70 peresenti wapangidwa mankhwala. Udindo zamoyo madzi ndi mkulu. Mudzaona nokha, ngati inu mukuwerenga nkhani iyi mpaka kumapeto.

Yang'anani kunja pa zenera. Kodi mukuona? Anthu, nyama, zomera, nyumba, magalimoto. Zonsezi ndi mwa madzi Komabe, anthu ake onse osiyana. Chifukwa patali? Kodi mukuganiza kuti dzino enamel ndi mafupa pali zodabwitsa kwambiri molekyulu H ₂ O? Kumene, kokha kuchuluka ndi ochepa kwambiri. Mu nthawi yathu zamakono popanda anthu madzi sindingathe kuchita.

Molekyulu madzi

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza katundu wa madzi ndiponso udindo kwachilengedwenso. Ife tanena kale kuti ntchito ya mankhwala achuluka kwambiri zosiyanasiyana. Tilankhure pang'ono za mmene kumanga molekyulu, ndiye zimaonekeratu chifukwa pawiri zili choncho multifunctional ndi chilengedwe. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zikuchokera. The madzi molekyulu lili 3 maatomu: 2 - 1 ndi wa hydrogen - oxygen. Chooneka ngati chinthu cha makona isosceles. Chotero chinthu ndi dipole chifukwa polarity. Madzi - ziri kugwirizana ndi chodabwitsa, monga zingakhale m'madera atatu:

• olimba;
• madzi;
• gaseous.

Udindo zamoyo madzi ndi mkulu. Ife tsopano chitani kuganizira ntchito za chozizwitsa molekyulu.

zosungunulira

Udindo kwachilengedwenso madzi kuti bwino kupasuka zosiyanasiyana zinthu. Koma ichi ndicho chimodzi mwa ntchito. Popeza pafupifupi chinthu chilichonse amatha kupasuka mu madzi, ndiye bwino kupeza madzimadzi izi sizingatheke, n'zotheka kuchotsa kokha m'mikhalidwe zasayansi. Aliyense zosungunulira angathe kutenga yekha nambala inayake zinthu. Choncho, zimalimbikitsa njira amadzimadzi, i.e. pamene palibe zosungunulira ambiri kupasuka ndipo kutenga mankhwala ena. Koma ngati madzi usavutike, mphamvu yake monga ukuwonjezeka zosungunulira kwambiri. An kuyesera: kupasuka yofanana shuga kapena mchere mu madzi otentha ndi ozizira. Kumene, mu kuvunda otentha zimachitika mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo padzakhala mkate.

thermotaxis

Udindo zamoyo madzi ndi luso kukhalabe zonse kutentha thupi. Ndiko chisanu ndi chilengedwe ofunda kutentha thupi lathu (poganiza kuti munthu ali wathanzi) adzatsala zikutsatiridwa - 36,6 madigiri. Izi zingathe kufotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti madzi akhoza kutenga kutentha ndi ukhale pansi pang'onopang'ono.

Tsopano pang'ono za zimene kutentha. Izi kuwombola kutentha pakati pa thupi ndi chilengedwe. Chinthu chachikulu - ndi kutentha thupi la chamoyo chimene chimadalira pa njira kagayidwe kachakudya ndi kutentha linanena bungwe. Pali mitundu iwiri ya zolengedwa padziko lathuli wamoyo:

• poikilothermic;
• homoiothermal.

Ife ndife a gulu lachiwiri, ilipo ndi magazi ofunda. kutentha lathu lilibe zimasiyana ndi kusintha yozungulira kutentha.

elasticity selo

Tsopano zimene kwachilengedwenso udindo wa madzi mu selo. Monga tanena kale, madzi ndi zosungunulira nawo ndondomeko thermoregulation. Kuwonjezera takambiranazi, ndi maziko a organelles maselo ndi kuthandiza mawonekedwe ake olondola. Izi zikhoza anafotokoza motere: Madzi ndi zovuta compress, ngakhale zasayansi, kumatithandiza kukhala elasticity maselo. Ngati inu simukukhulupirira, ndiye Yendetsani chala zinachitikira: kuyesera Finyani madzi. Gwirizanani, ndi kovuta.

ntchito zoyendera

Mbali ina ya madzi ndi mphamvu yake kupulumutsa popanga zipangizo. Tsopano tiona ntchito zoyendera. Luso kupulumutsa popanga zipangizo ndi chifukwa mavuto mkulu padziko madzi. Choncho, madzi amatha kulowa mu capillaries, ndi danga intercellular. Ndiko kuti, ali maselo mphamvu ndi amasonyeza zinthu osafunika. Madzi zosiyanasiyana katundu, ndicho iwo kukhala oyamikira chifukwa cha kuphedwa kwa ntchito zonse zofunika.

ntchito zachilengedwe

Tafotokoza zimene udindo zamoyo madzi, koma ndi kofunika kumvetsa mfundo yakuti ntchito zachilengedwe ndi n'kofunika. Tingasiyanitsire mbali ziwiri:

• kunja kwa thupi chinthu zachilengedwe;
• mkati chilengedwe china.

zinthu zina monga zingapo zochititsa, monga nyengo, nyengo, malo okhala, ndi zina zotero. amadza m'banja makamaka maselo a zinthu zamoyo. Choncho, munthu akhoza kudziwa zinthu zingapo zochititsa ndi njira imene madzi ndi mtsikana. Ambiri mwa ntchitozo n'zofunika kwambiri kuti anthu.