I2C mawonekedwe kufotokoza mu Russian

Masiku zipangizo banja, mafakitale zamagetsi ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana telefoni angapezeke zambiri njira zofanana, koma mankhwala akhoza pafupifupi olumikizidwa kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi aliyense dongosolo zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:

• ena "wochenjera" ulamuliro wagawo, amene n'kopindulitsa nthawi zambiri chimaimira galasi microcomputer limodzi;
• mayunitsi ambiri cholinga monga LCD gawo lotetezedwa, RAM, ine / O madoko, EEPROM kapena apadera converters deta;
• zigawo yeniyeni, kuphatikizapo digito dera kasinthidwe ndi azichitira kuti zizindikiro kanema ndi wailesi.

Kodi konza ntchito zawo?

Kuti ntchito kothandiza kwambiri njira izi wamkulu okonza phindu ndi alimi okha, komanso kuonjezera msinkhu wonse wa ntchito za zida zosiyanasiyana ndi zosabvuta pa mfundo dera ntchito, kampani Philips anayamba kukonza lophweka ziwiri waya bidirectional basi kuti amatipatsa asonyeza mezhmikroskhemnoe kulamulira. basiyi imapereka kutengerapo deta kudzera mawonekedwe I2C.

Chibwenzi osiyanasiyana mwachindunji ndi Mlengi zikuphatikizapo zoposa 150 CMOS ndi zipangizo ochititsa kuti amene n'zogwirizana ndi I2C ndipo anafuna kuti khalidwe la ntchito iliyonse ya magawo a anafotokoza. Tikumbukenso kuti mawonekedwe I2C poyamba anamanga ku zipangizo zonse n'zogwirizana, chifukwa chimene iwo popanda vuto lililonse kuti tilankhule wina ndi mnzake ntchito basi wapadera. Kudzera ntchito imeneyi njira kapangidwe chasanduka kuti kuthetsa ambiri a mavuto pairing zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kuti si khalidwe la kuchuluka kwa chitukuko cha machitidwe yadigito.

Ubwino waukulu

Ngakhale ngati inu mutayang'ana pa kufotokoza mwachidule za UART, SPI, I2C, inu kusankha Ubwino wa otsiriza:

• Ntchito muyenera mizere iwiri yokha - kalunzanitsidwe ndi deta. chipangizo china chilichonse chokhudzana kuti basi, akhoza kenako kuzithetsa ndi mapulogalamu kwathunthu wapadera adiresi. Pa nthawi iliyonse, pali chiyanjano yosavuta, amene amalola ntchito kutsogolera monga mwini-mbuye chopatsilira kapena wolandila.
• basiyi amapereka mphamvu yotha kukhala ndi makamu angapo, kupereka zipangizo zonse zofunikira kugunda kudziwika ndi chigamulo, kumathandiza deta chivundi kukachitika kuti ziwiri kapena zambiri pamwamba akuyamba imodzi popereka mauthenga. Mu mode muyezo limayankha yotsatana eyiti-bit kutengerapo deta pa mlingo wa osapitirira 100 kbit / s, ndi mode kudya, pakhomo akhoza ziwonjezeke kwa kanayi.
• The tchipisi ntchito yapadera anamanga-mu fyuluta kuti bwino limaleka spikes ndipo amaonetsetsa pazipita deta okhulupirika.
• The pazipita zotheka chiwerengero tchipisi kuti akhoza olumikizidwa kwa m'basi ina malire ndi zotheka mphamvu pazipita 400 PF.

Ubwino kwa okonza

I2C mawonekedwe, komanso tchipisi zonse n'zogwirizana akhoza kwambiri kufulumizitsa citukuko, ku dera zinchito kuti zinachitika chikutha. Tikumbukenso kuti chifukwa kuthekera tchipisi ngati kulumikiza mwachindunji basi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya circuitry zina amaperekedwa malo kukulitsa zina ndi kusintha dongosolo zinachitika ndi disconnecting ndi kulumikiza zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kuchokera basi.

Pali zambiri za ubwino umene kugwiritsa I2C. Malongosoledwe, makamaka zimathandiza inu kuona ubwino zotsatirazi okonza:

• Midadada mu chithunzi zinchito kwathunthu zizigwirizana tchipisi, chotero umaonetsera kusintha mokwanira mofulumira ku mfundo zinchito.
• Palibe chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhala polumikizira basi, chifukwa tayalalo poyamba Integrated mu Chip wapadera.
• Integrated kulankhulana ndi kuthana ndi ndondomeko ya zipangizo limalola dongosolo kuti mapulogalamu kwathunthu kumatanthauza.
• Mitundu chomwecho tchipisi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati n'koyenera mafomu osiyana kwambiri.
• Onse nthawi chitukuko ali kwambiri yafupika chifukwa chakuti okonza mwamsanga ndithu bwino midadada ntchito kwambiri kambirimbiri, komanso mitundu yonse ya tchipisi.
• Ngati anakhumba, inu mukhoza kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa tchipisi kwa dongosolo, ndipo alibe zimakhudza kwambiri pa zida zina olumikizidwa kwa basi chomwecho.
• Onse nthawi mapulogalamu chitukuko akhoza kwambiri yafupika chifukwa chakuti pali amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito laibulale ya reusable zigawo mapulogalamu.

Komanso, Dziwani kuti yodziwira wophweka kwambiri zolephera aliyense ndi debugging zina, zosiyana I2C mawonekedwe. Kufotokozera limanena kuti ngati n'koyenera, mukhoza popanda vuto yomweyo younikira ngakhale zolakwika zazing'ono ntchito zida ngati ndipo, chotero, kutenga miyezo yoyenera. Komanso Dziwani ndi kuti okonza kuti anapereka njira yapadera, zomwe, makamaka, ndi wokongola kwambiri zosiyanasiyana zida kunyamula ndi machitidwe kuti kupereka batire-amphamvu, ntchito mawonekedwe I2C. mu Russian The kufotokoza Ikufotokozanso kuti tanthauzo lake limalola zotsatirazi ubwino zofunika:

• Mokwanira zonyamula chosokoneza chilichonse kumachitika.
• otsika kwambiri mowa mphamvu.
• Lonse kotunga voteji osiyanasiyana.
• A lonse kutentha osiyanasiyana.

Madalitso kwa technologists

Dziwani okonza osati kokha, komanso sayansi ndi zambiri angoyamba kumene ntchito wodzipereka I2C mawonekedwe. mafotokozedwe Russian limasonyeza osiyanasiyana mwachilungamo lonse ubwino, amene anapereka kwa gulu la akatswiri:

• Standard ziwiri waya siriyo basi ndi mawonekedwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kugwirizana tchipisi, ndiye iwoŵa zochepa kukhudzana ndi kumafuna mayendedwe ochepa, kupanga kusindikizidwa matabwa dera si mtengo ndipo ndi kakang'ono kwambiri.
• Sasankhana I2C mawonekedwe LCD1602 kapena njira zina kumatha kufunika kwa ntchito adiresi decoder, komanso ena kunja osaya maganizo.
• Imakhala luso logwiritsa ntchito imodzi angapo kutsogolera kumtunda basi, zomwe zayamba Iyamba kuyezetsa komanso wotsatira kusintha zida, chifukwa basi akhoza chokhudzana ndi mzere kompyuta msonkhano.
• Kapezekedwe yogwirizana ndi tchipisi anthu mawonekedwe VSO KOTERO ndi apadera DIL-phukusi angathe kuchepetsa zofunika kukula chipangizo.

Ndi yochepa mndandanda wa madalitso amene osiyana I2C mawonekedwe LCD1602 ndi ena. Komanso tchipisi n'zogwirizana akhoza kwambiri pa kusinthasintha a dongosolo ntchito kupereka kumanga yosavuta kwambiri za zinthu zosiyanasiyana zida, komanso Mokweza mosavuta thandizo zina pa mlingo panopa chitukuko. Choncho n'zotheka kukhala banja lonse zida zosiyanasiyana, ntchito monga maziko wina m'munsi chitsanzo.

wamakono winanso wa zida ndi kukula kwa ntchito zake akhoza kuchitika kudzera kugwirizana muyezo kuti basi lolingana Chip ndi ntchito 2C mawonekedwe Arduino kapena wina aliyense zochuluka zilipo. Ngati chofunika kupeza ROM kwambiri, zimene zinachitikira chidzakhala chokwanira kokha kusankha microcontroller wina ndi kochulukira kuchuluka kwa ROM. Popeza Chip kusinthidwa ngati n'koyenera amatha kwathunthu atsopano, inu mosavuta kuwonjezera zinthu zatsopano zida kapena kuonjezera ntchito wonse ndi disconnecting ochiritsira tchipisi kale lotha ndi zina m'malo iwo ndi zida atsopano.

ACCESS.bus

Chifukwa chakuti tayala awiri-waya chikhalidwe cha, ndi mphamvu ya pulogalamu akulankhula ACCESS.bus wina wa nsanja abwino kwambiri Zoonadi I2C mawonekedwe. Mfundo (kulongosola mu Russian limaoneka m'nkhani), chipangizo izi zimapangitsa izo ndi mtengo kwambiri njira kugwiritsa ntchito mwakhama kale RS-232C mawonekedwe polumikiza peripherals zosiyanasiyana makompyuta ntchito muyezo amagwiritsa zinayi cholumikizira.

Mau oyamba mfundo za

Ntchito zapamwamba 8-bit ulamuliro, omwe ntchito microcontrollers amatipatsa kuthekera kukhazikitsa muyezo angapo kapangidwe:

• lathunthu zochitika nthawi zambiri zaphindu chikuphatikizapo microcontroller ndi zina peripherals, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira ndi madoko osiyanasiyana athandizira / linanena bungwe;
• mtengo okwana kaphatikizidwe zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ayenera kuchepetsa kwambiri mwa dongosolo limodzi;
• dongosolo limene anapatsidwa ntchito ulamuliro, sasamalira kufunika kupereka deta kufala mkulu-liwiro;
• Mwachangu chonse mwachindunji zimadalira zipangizo, komanso chikhalidwe cha basi kulumikiza.

Kukhala dongosolo, kwathunthu ovomerezeka akugwirizana ndi pamwamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito basi imene I2C siriyo mawonekedwe ndi ntchito. Ngakhale kuti pali siriyo basi bandiwifi yomweyi, pamafunika kugwirizana ochepa ndi zochepa tchipisi kukhudzana. Tisaiwale mfundo yakuti tayala akuphatikizapo osati kokha mawaya polumikiza, komanso zosiyanasiyana akamagwiritsa ndi njira pofuna kulankhulana mwa dongosolo.

Chipangizo kulankhulana kuti ntchito pulogalamu kutsanzira I2C mawonekedwe kapena Turo ndi protocol yeniyeni kuti amalola mwayi osiyana preempt kugunda, kusowa kapena kutchinga zambiri. Mu zipangizo kudya ayenera kuonana ndi pang'onopang'ono, ndipo nthawi yomweyo dongosolo sayenera kudalira pa zida zikugwirizana, monga mwinamwake zonse zotumizira ndi zosintha sangathe ntchito. M'pofunikanso kukhala ndondomeko imene leni kwabasi, chipangizo makamaka panopa amapereka ulamuliro basi ndi nthawi. Komanso, ngati zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi osiyana wotchi pafupipafupi, olumikiza basi chomwecho, m'pofunika kudziwa gwero la kalunzanitsidwe ake. Onse akwaniritsa zimenezi lolingana I2C mawonekedwe AVR ndi zina pa mndandanda.

Cholinga chenicheni

I2C basi angathandizire luso lililonse Chip ntchito. Chiyankhulo I2C LabVIEW ndi ofanana izo zimagwiritsa ntchito mizere ziwiri kulanda zambiri - ndipo kalunzanitsidwe deta. chipangizo china chilichonse chokhudzana Choncho wapezeka chifukwa adiresi wapadera, kaya ndi LCD gawo lotetezedwa, ndi microcontroller, kukumbukira kapena mawonekedwe kiyibodi, chotero ungatithandizire monga chopatsilira kapena wolandila, malingana ndi cholinga chimene mwachindunji zida izi n'cholinga.

Nthawi zambiri zaphindu LCD gawo lotetezedwa ndi muyezo wolandila, ndi kukumbukira mwina kungolandira komanso kupereka deta zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, ndondomeko kusamukira zipangizo zambiri zikhoza wachinsinsi monga kapolo ndi mbuye.

Pankhaniyi, chipangizo amatchedwa mbuye amene amayamba kufala deta ndi synchronizing chizindikiro amayambira. Pankhaniyi, zipangizo aliyense addressable amene tikambirane poyerekezera ndi akapolo ake.

I2C kulankhulana mawonekedwe amapereka angapo akutsogolera ie, chipangizo kuposa wina angathe kulamulira basi akhoza kugwirizana kwa izo. luso logwiritsa ntchito microcontroller kuposa wina kwa tayala ndi limasonyeza kuti khamu kuposa wina akhoza kutumiza pa nthawi iliyonse. Kuthetseratu chisokonezeko amaona kuti mavuto zimachitika pamene zikatero likutuluka, ife anayamba apadera chigamulo ndondomeko, lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe I2C. Zochulukitsira ndi zipangizo zina zosowa kugwirizana zipangizo kuti basi pa ulamuliro otchedwa a khamu I.

Generation nthawi mbendera ndi udindo wa mbuye, ndipo aliyense amapanga chizindikiro chake pamene kulanda deta, ndiponso lingasinthe yekha kukachitika kuti "chimakakamiza" kapolo pang'onopang'ono kapena mbuye wina pamene kuwombana amapezeka.

Zokonda zosiyanasiyana

Monga SCL, SDA ndi mizere bidirectional amene chikugwirizana ndi zabwino mphamvu zoyendetsera mwa pullup resistor. Pamene tayala mfulu kwathunthu, chiganizo chilichonse chili ndi malo apamwamba. Magawo linanena bungwe la zipangizo zimene olumikiza basi ayenera kukhala womasuka-kuda kapena otsegula wokhometsa ntchito kuti akhoza timalandira kudzera ogwiritsa IM I2C mawonekedwe mudziwe imafalikiranso pa mlingo wa osapitirira 400 kbit / s mu mode asale, pamene mu liwiro muyezo zosakwana 100 kbit / s. Chiwerengero cha zipangizo zimene zikhoza imodzi olumikizidwa kwa basi, zimatengera yekha pa chizindikiro chimodzi. mphamvu ili la mzere si zoposa 400 PF.

chitsimikiziro

Umboni ndi ndondomeko kuvomerezedwa mu kutengerapo deta. Kukuthandiza amapanga lolingana kalunzanitsidwe zimachitika pamene chopatsilira akumasula mzere SDA pa wotchi umboni. Kenako, wolandirayo ayenera kuonetsetsa khola posungira SDA mzere kwa mkulu wa boma wotchi stably m'chigawo otsika. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuganizira khwekhwe ndi kugwira.

Nthawi zambiri zaphindu analankhula wolandila ayenera kupanga ndi kuvomereza nthawi iliyonse mamvekedwe analandira, ndipo nokha pano ali yekha zochitika komwe chiyambi kutumiza zikuphatikizapo adiresi CBUS.

Ngati kapolo wolandila si zotheka kutumiza chitsimikiziro zake adiresi, m'pofunika kusiya mzere deta mu mkhalidwe lalitali, ndiye mphunzitsi chizindikiro kuthekera amvekere "amasiya", umene usokoneze kutumizirana mauthenga onse. Ngati adiresi wakhala kutsimikizika, koma simungathe kuyendetsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali yaitali kuvomereza deta chilichonse chopatsa ayenera udzasokonezedwa potumiza. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kapolo sakhala kutsimikizira zotsatira analandira mamvekedwe ndi angochoka mzere deta MKULU, kotero kuti mbuye amapanga mbendera "Lekani".

Ngati ndondomeko kutumiza, kupereka kwa mbuye-wolandila, mu nkhani iyi, iye ayenera awadziwitse mapeto a kufala kapolo kuchitikira, ndipo si kutsimikiziridwa mwa mamvekedwe chatha analandira. Pankhaniyi, kapolo chopatsilira yomweyo kumasula mzere deta kutsogolera zingabweretse mbendera "Lekani" kapena kubwereza chizindikiro kachiwiri "Start".

Kuti muone kupezeka kwa zipangizo, mungayesere kulowa zitsanzo muyezo zina zachidule kwa mawonekedwe Arduino I2C, monga chithunzi pamwambapa.

chigamulo

Kukuthandiza amayamba mudziwe kutumiza pokhapokha kumasulidwa wathunthu ya matayala, koma awiri kapena kuposa kutsogolera lizikhala mbadwo wa chiyambi chizindikiro pa osachepera posungira nthawi. Izi n'kukumana ndi kotsimikizika mbendera "chiyambi" basi.

Ntchito ikuchitika pa chigamulo basi SDA mphindi mpaka SCL-basi ndi boma mkulu. Ngati mmodzi wa kutsogolera akuyamba kufalitsa mzere deta otsika, koma winayo - mkulu, ndiye yotsirizira kwathunthu sakukhudzidwa ndi izo, chifukwa boma la SDL si bwino apamwamba boma la kutambasuka wake.

Kupitiriza chigamulo cha angathe kuchitidwa pa Akamva angapo. Chifukwa chakuti maadiresi yoyamba opatsirana kenako deta chigamulo mwina ndi nthawi mpaka mapeto a adiresi, ndipo ngati adzakhululukidwa omwe akutsogolera chipangizo chomwecho, mu nkhani iyi, adzathandiza ndi deta zosiyanasiyana chigamulo cha. Chifukwa cha chigamulo ichi deta chiwembu sanataye likhoza kugunda iliyonse.

Ngati mbuye watha chigamulo, zimene zinachitikira kuti akhonza kumupatsa munthu kalunzanitsidwe nyemba SCL kwa mamvekedwe mapeto, ndiponso umene kulumikiza watayika.