Ikuphukira mitengo ya zipatso. Nsonga wamaluwa

Iwo ikuphukira anaitana mmodzi mwa kuchuluka kwa njira ya kubereka ya zipatso. Ankalumikiza budding - ndi losavuta njira kuti ayenera kuchidziwa aliyense nyakulima, mitengo obzavedshiysya zipatso.

Chifukwa wochititsidwa budding

- Ndondomeko ikuchitika, pakalibe mitundu malonda anakhumba mbewu.

- ikuphukira mitengo ya zipatso angadwale yozizira hardiness kumezetsanitsa mitundu.

- ikuphukira limachititsa m'malo mitundu munda wa mitengo ndi phindu lochepa kapena wildings pa bwino. Kapena kupulumutsa mtundu lapamtima.

- limakupatsani kuchepetsa kuyembekezera nthawi yokolola lotsatira. Ankalumikiza mitengo ya okhwima kapena mbande zaka zitatu limakupatsani kusangalala zokolola zaka zingapo. Ngakhale panopa ku mbewu kapena zipatso fupa mitengo palibe kale kuposa zaka 5-6.

- ndikamezetsanidwemo mitundu yosiyanasiyana pa mtengo umodzi kusiyanitsa chiwerengero cha mbewu zipatso ndi kupulumutsa malo pa Intaneti.

- ikuphukira kuthandiza kuchotsa kufunika, koma osati ndinazolowera zikhalidwe zanu mitundu ya zipatso.

ubwino ikuphukira

- Vuto bwino anapanga impso angapereke mtengo watsopano ndi phindu lonse mitundu koyamba.

- Ndondomeko ikuchitika mofulumira kwambiri.

- Little katemera m'dera kulola osachepera kuvulaza muzu katundu.

- Katemera mu chitsa chimodzimodzi reused, ngati inoculation zinalephereka.

- ikuphukira mitengo ya zipatso amafuna osachepera chitsa zakuthupi. Izi ndi zoona ngati pali mmodzi kapena cuttings ochepa mitundu ankafuna.

Kodi kumezetsanitsa mitengo ya zipatso

Njira kumezetsanitsa mitengo ya zipatso ndi mtundu wa kumezanitsa ali m'magulu angapo:

• diso pamene ndikamezetsanidwemo impso amene amatchedwa budding;
• kusamalira wotchedwa kopulirovka;
• chomera - ovuta kwambiri akafuna kubereka, wotchedwa ablaktirovka.

Inoculations kuphedwa njira mtengo wa zipatso lagawidwa:

• vaccinations ku mbuyo ya;
• kumezetsanitsa mbali zoipa;
• kopanda kumezetsanitsa;
• kopulirovku mwachindunji ndi zapamwamba;
• kumezetsanitsa mu kugawanika ndi;
• katemera makungwa;
• Dudko vaccinations;
• ikuphukira ku mbuyo ya;
• ikuphukira mu chishango T woboola pakati.

Njirazi ndi ambiri. Zochita alimi ntchito pazipita asanu.

Njira kumezetsanitsa mitengo ya zipatso pa makonzedwe pa katundu akhoza kugawidwa amene anapangidwa muzu, mu thunthu, nthambi korona, mtengo chitsa. Katemera atha kukhala kavalo ndi mbali. Kavalo katemera amafuna kagawo pamwamba chitsa, mmene kumezanitsa zina kupanga pamwamba pa mtengo. The lateral mbali thunthu kumezanitsa kuchitidwa popanda kudula pamwamba pa katundu wa.

Kusiyana mu nthawi ya katemera

Spring katemera ikuchitika m'nyengo ya timadziti kwambiri kayendedwe. Scion ayenera kukolola m'dzinja mochedwa kapena kasupe oyambirira, koma akhale kukhala matalala. Spring katemera zichitike April kapena May, impso musati ngakhale ayenera kuti pathupi.

Katemera m'chilimwe theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Scion bwino anayamba m'kupita kwa chaka impso ndi mphukira. mitengo katemera masiku m'chilimwe kuyambira 20 TH wa July ndipo itha mochedwa August.

Zima kumezetsanitsa ndi ankachitira mu chipinda. mbande Fusion nkhani miyezi chisanu ndi kasupe anabzala mu nthaka mitengo kale ndikamezetsanidwemo. N'zotheka katemera yozizira ndi mitengo m'munda, ngati kutentha wakhala agwa pansipa + 2 °.

Budding kasupe ndi chilimwe ndi asonyeza, chifukwa mawu awa auwe inyamuka bwino pa thunthu, ndi cambium kwambiri akufufuta mutsogolo njira ndi kupereka impso kupulumuka wabwino.

Malamulo zoyambirira za katemera

Kuti katemera yayenda bwino? inu muyenera:

• Katemera zomera zokha zokhudzana. Mapeyala pa apulo kapena maula yamatcheri.
• Kuti cambium wosanjikiza (wosanjikiza pakati makungwa ndi matabwa) ndi kudula kuthawa adjoined. Apo ayi, mtengo sadzakhala kukula.

Ankalumikiza "peephole"

Ikuphukira mitengo ya zipatso "diso" ndi imodzi mwa njira ambiri kuswana. Kumezanitsa ndiye chimakhala Mphukira umodzi. Spring ndikamezetsanidwemo Mphukira nakulitsa zomera, anapanga otsiriza chilimwe. Tengani ndi cuttings, kukolola otsiriza kugwa kapena mochedwa yozizira. Mu nyengo yomweyo ndikamezetsanidwemo impsyo adzapita kukula ndi kupereka ndege watsopano, kotero kasupe ikuphukira amatchedwa "kumezanitsa zinamera diso."

Chilimwe ikuphukira amapangidwa ndi impso, amene wakucha mu nyengo ilili. Kukula izo zokha masika wotsatira, kotero chilimwe katemera wotchedwa "ikuphukira akugona diso."

Kodi kukhala Scion ndi chitsa

• mphukira Okulirovannye ayenera kukhala laling'ono, ndi awiri a 10-15 mm.
• Stock ayenera kukhala ndi ana supple kutumphuka bwino kudula ndi mpeni.
• Internodes kwa inoculation ayenera kukhala yosalala, mosabisa, popanda matuza ndi mfundo.
• Only ndi bwino anayamba ndi kwathunthu kukhwima impso oyenera budding.

The ndondomeko ya budding mu mbuyo pa

Iyi ndi njira yotsika yosavuta kumezetsanitsa mitengo ya zipatso. Pakuti ndikukhazikitsa katundu katemera ayenera lilipoli poyamba litsiro ndi fumbi ndi kukonzekera lakuthwa mpeni ndi tepi Mavalidwe. chotsatira:

1. Pa chitsa lakuthwa mpeni osaya incised pamodzi kupulumuka kwa masentimita 2.5. Kupanga "lilime". Pafupifupi theka la "lilime", koma salinso ayenera adzadulidwa.
2. Chishango ndi impso ndi kudula ku phesi la zomera anasankha. kukula kwake ayenera kufanana odulidwa pa chitsa cha.
3. Chishango ndi impso ndi kuika pa "lilime". Iye ayenera kwathunthu lifanane ndi odulidwa pa chitsa kapena ayenera kuphatikiza moti nsonga imodzi osayenerana ndi khungwa odulidwa ndi cambium.
4. Ikani ikuphukira tepi zolimba mpaka tepi okonzeka, ndi impso ayenera kukhala kunja. Mkati mwa masabata, tingayembekezere zotsatira za katemera wa.

Anapulumutsa wa kumezanitsa impso pa budding ya masika si kudula mpaka coalescence zonse. Lotsatira masika Kadulidwa kuthawa pa okulirovannoy impso kuti analowa kukula pamene katemera anali chilimwe. Njira sikutanthauza ukuchoka makungwa a chitsa, kupanga nthawi katemera onse.

Njira khumudwitsidwa kumezetsanitsa mu gawo T woboola

Ndi njira imeneyi ya budding kayendedwe ka madzi ndi ofunika kwambiri, monga Scion ya okuliruetsya mwachindunji ku cambium wosanjikiza. Choncho:

1. Dulani impso njira imeneyi kuti katemera ndi wosanjikiza woonda makungwa ndi matabwa. Khumudwitsidwa Utali - otchedwa kagawo - akhale 2-3 masentimita, m'lifupi - theka centimeter. Kupanga chilimwe ikuphukira pa anasankha impso kumezanitsa ayenera anachoka, chimene chidzakhala yabwino kutenga chishango. Pa kasupe kumezetsanitsa yokha akatero ayenera kudula ndi malire pamwamba, amene ndiye amachotsedwa pambuyo oyamba a khumudwitsidwa mthumba.
2. Pa chitsa, thunthu kapena kuthawa kudula, kukula kwa visor chogwirizana. Choyamba - ndi yopingasa ang'ambe thupilo, ndiye choimirira. M'mbali mwa odulidwa ofukula mwaukhondo apangidwe monga kupeza mthumba.
3. Chishango ndi impso kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi ndi anaikapo mu thumba ndi. M'mphepete khumudwitsidwa amachita pansi thumba m'munsi, ndi chapamwamba, ngati izo ziri, ayenera kudula ndi mpeni.
4. Kumezanitsa mwamphamvu atathana tepi. Ligation akuyamba pansi ndipo molimba amayikanikiza chishango ku cambium wosanjikiza chomera chitsa.

Ikuphukira apulo ikuchitika kudzera kagawo T woboola pakati, monga yosavuta kwambiri zipatso. Kutentha pafupifupi mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala 8 ° C.

Monga okulirovat yamatcheri

Zokoma chitumbuwa ndikamezetsanidwemo makamaka pa yamatcheri. Zimenezi chisanu kukana ake ndi zokolola. Ndi chitumbuwa Pankhaniyi kusankha chitsamba wakupatsa yamatcheri kusinthasintha ndi compactness mwa mawonekedwe. Ikuphukira chitumbuwa pa yamatcheri mtengo chitumbuwa kupanga amphamvu, ndi kuphimba kwa dzinja kudzakhala kovuta. Katemera akuyamba m'chaka kumapeto March-oyambirira April, pamaso pa timadziti kuyenda. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kusankha zaka ziwiri mbewu yamatcheri, imene pa msinkhu wa masentimita 20 dothi ndikamezetsanidwemo chitumbuwa. Umapulumuka chitumbuwa pa chitumbuwa kovuta, kotero muyenera mosamala ndi kuchita. The njira mulingo woyenera kuti patsogolo ndi kopulirovka ang'ambe thupilo kutalika osachepera 3 cm. Chifukwa chaichi, ndi ziboda lalifupi ndi impso ziwiri. M'katikati mwa July bandeji padziko vaccinations pang'ono wofooka. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuwonjezeka amphamvu, chifukwa impso, ndipo lachiwiri ndi kumanzereku kuchotsedwa. Part kudula increment pamwamba odulidwa m'munsi pa mphete.

Nsonga wamaluwa

• Kwambiri oyenera ikuphukira mitengo kukhala, amene nthambi ndi chachikulu kuposa korona 11 mm. Ngati nthambi chachikulu kuposa 15 mm, ndi bwino kuti agwiritse ntchito kumezetsanitsa cuttings.
• Ikuphukira pa kum'mwera kwa thunthu kapena nthambi angakhale zinalephereka chifukwa impso akhoza ziume dzuwa.
• Good mlingo kupulumuka angapereke budding ndi masamba angapo mbali zosiyanasiyana za katundu-nthambi. Only mtunda pakati pa maso ayenera kukhala osachepera 15 cm.
• Pa mtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera bifurcation a mbiya ayenera kukhala peephole otsiriza, ngati pali zingapo.
• Ntchito putty si pamene ikuphukira.
• Ikuphukira mvula izo ndikoletsedwa.
• Atalephera katemera Mungathe kubwereza, ngati makungwa pa chitsa ukadali kulekanitsidwa.
• Okulirovat kasupe ndi pa mitambo masiku chilimwe nthawi iliyonse. M'chaka kutentha ndondomeko bwino anachita m'mawa kapena madzulo.
• Chilimwe ikuphukira mu kouma amafuna mvula ulimi mu masabata musanakhale ndondomeko. Iwo adzapereka tima kuyamwa otaya.
• Best maso padzakhala anthu amene ali pakati pa mphukira wa.
• Pakuti ikuphukira abwino okhwima yekha impso, maso. Mukhoza onani ichi ndi chabe ndi anabweretsa impso kuti khutu lake kukanikiza mopepuka pa izo. Ngati phokoso ndi creaking, "diso" okhwima.

Ikuphukira wa mitengo ya zipatso oyenera kubalana wa mtengo chikhalidwe kapena chitsamba chilichonse. Popeza katswiri njira ya katemera, wodzala aliyense angathe kutenga munda wa mitundu awo ankakonda, osati kuti akhoza kukula mu nyengo zina. Komabe, alimi asamangodalira nsonga, kalendala, pa TV kapena chalet horoscope, si koyenera. M'pofunika kuganizira zinthu m'deralo nyengo ndi kumvera wamaluwa yake m'dera lanu. Ndiyeno munda wa maloto anu sadzakhala kudikira nthawi yaitali.