Ilex aquifolium. Holly wamba kapena ankakhulupirira

Pa gawo lalikulu la Africa yaikulu - Europe ndi ku Asia - kwambiri kuposa ena, mukhoza kuona chiwonetsero cha lamulo la mapulaneti Hrs malo magawidwe. Ngakhale kuti malire pa Ulaya ndi Asia ndi motalika kokwanira, mapangidwe nthaka chimakwirira anachita mosiyana. N'chifukwa chake osiyanasiyana zomera la Europe ndi ku Asia. zomera zosiyanasiyana pali zambiri zimene zimakhala zovuta kuwerenga. Mayina a mitengo yokongola ndi mbewu zipatso Africa zambirimbiri moti zimapanga buku waukulu. Tikambirana mmodzi yekha m'malo chidwi zomera.

Holly

Photos ya zinyama woimira Africa wathu ndi bwino kuti aliyense. Nthambi zake ananamizira pamodzi ndi maluwa ndi Rowan maburashi pa khomo la nyumba, makolo athu otchezedwa kuchokera mizimu yoipa kale Rome anakhazikitsidwa. Dzina la mitengo yokongola Hollies banja opezeka Acelt, Baltic, Scandinavia ndi mabuku Asilavo.

Kufotokozera za mitundu

Holly, amene zithunzi zambiri amapezeka pa Khirisimasi makadi, wa m'banja la dzina chomwecho. Iwo ali ngati mazana anai mitundu, anagawira m'madera osatentha ndi otentha. anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti onse a mtundu - ndi chomera chakupha. Photos ndi maina iwo ali phindu kwa ulimi.

Izi zitsamba yobiriwira kapena mitengo ndi spiny, imodzi, masamba zina yosalala konsekonse. oimira onse ang'onoang'ono dioecious, maluwa axillary ndi mabulosi ngati zipatso - drupe, lomwe ndi kulakalaka kuyang'ana, koma inedible: iwo onse - zomera chakupha.

Photos ndi mayina a mitundu ya ankakhulupirira

Species nthumwi ya zomera Eurasian kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, crenate, umatchedwanso Japanese subsp - chomera masamba obiriwira, kutalika imene imafikira mamita awiri okha ndi theka. Iye ali wamng'ono ndipo anamaliza masamba.

Wina kalasi - ankakhulupirira Meserve - wosakanizidwa kukhala kuchuluka kwa sukulu ndi mdima kwambiri buluu wobiriwira masamba. Mwangwiro "mwamuna» Blui Prince amati ndi pollinator kwambiri kwa awo "abale". Chomwecho kugonana komanso ali Golden- ndi Blue Mfumukazi. Ena mitundu, kuphatikizapo Blue Meid ndi chomera limodzi ndi maluwa amuna ndi akazi. Iwo kawirikawiri wobiriwira masamba si yapadera monga mmene unalili Mwachitsanzo, Blyu Angela, monga wopanda khalidwe zachitsulo luster.

mitundu ambiri zipatso wofiira, ngakhale ena, mwachitsanzo, Golden Mfumukazi, iwo utoto wachikasu.

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti hollies okha ndi masamba obiriwira, koma izo siziri. Mu banja limodzi pali subspecies deciduous. Makamaka chidwi ndi kukongoletsa mwakuwoneka whorled ankakhulupirira. Iye akubwera kuchokera ku zigawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa North America. Iye afika bwino ndi mitundu ina deciduous. Kukumana Holly whorled yekha dothi lonyowa, monga m'madambo kapena m'mphepete mwa mitsinje.

ilex aquifolia

Ndicho chimene amatchedwa Latin kalasi ambiri - Ilex aquifolium. Mtengo wake kuti gloss leathery masamba - mdima wobiriwira kapena awiri mtundu - komanso kuwala kwa chipatso zakusangalatsani ndi ofiira kapena wachikasu, loyera kapena lakuda, ndipo ngakhale lalanje.

Holly ankakhulupirira (kapena wamba) kunja limaoneka ngati weniweni mtengo Khirisimasi. Akafika msinkhu wa asanu ndi munthu pazipita M'lifupi - mpaka mamita asanu. Iwo ali conical (monga toyesa wamkulu pang'ono adzakhale pa pamwamba) mawonekedwe. Small pang'ono woyera ndipo kwambiri onunkhira maluwa kuonekera mu June kapena July, malingana ndi dera. Akhalebe pa nthambi masabata awiri okha. Ndiye m'malo mwa zimayambira ofiira owala zipatso, kufika ku polusantimetra. Iwo ankakhulupirira - chomera kuchokera zimenezi anachokera mitundumitundu.

Kufotokozera za mitundu

Izi chitsamba chilichonse yobiriwira ndi zisonga, phirilo zooneka openwork mawonekedwe amalima m'malo pang'onopang'ono. Holly nthambi, ankakhulupirira kukula kwambiri wandiweyani, ndipo nthambi m'munsi mbali ndi kuŵeramitsa. Iwo kuli anakonza-ovate masamba ndi masamba wavy, sinuate. Holly - mbewu dioecious.

Iye ali ndi dongosolo kwambiri mizu. nthambi mbali ndi inafalitsidwa. Iwo akhoza kupanga muzu suckers. Ilex aquifolium limakula bwino mu nthaka yachonde ndale. Izo wakonda tsankho mthunzi kapena mthunzi zonse. zomera achinyamata amadwala chisanu. Komabe, ankakhulupirira-ankakhulupirira - mtengo, mwangwiro kupirira utsi ndi kuipitsidwa mpweya mu mlengalenga. Iwo imabereka ndi cuttings.

inafikira

Holly chimagwiritsidwa kuphunzitsidwa Ulaya. kukula wake mu zone pakati Russia penapake kovuta chifukwa otsika yozizira hardiness wamng'ono. Koma akhoza bwinobwino zibzalidwe mu minda mu Caucasus ndi Black Sea gombe. Holly bwino wosakanikirana ngati chomera kukulitsa pristanovochnoy: pakhungu mu nyengo yozizira m'madera ozizira ndi otsika, koma kutentha positive. Iye ndi katswiri si bwino chatsanulidwa, komanso ambiri onse, osati osauka kwambiri, kuphatikizapo pa amtengo youma, lonyowa, humus nthaka. Pankhaniyi, ndi dothi ndi yonyowa chitsamba chilichonse ichi ndi chikondi cha kuwala. Pamene kuswana tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Holly zambiri amamwalira ndi kake kakupsa ndi dzuwa.

chisamaliro

Holly - chomera ali m'munda sikutanthauza kusintha. Iwo akhoza bwinobwino mizu ndi mchenga, ndi dothi dongo, koma anapereka madzi permeability mkulu, ndi pamaso pa humus. Ilex aquifolium chilala zosagwira. Zoyambirira kudulira tchire bwino anachita pambuyo fruiting.

Pamene chodzala m'munda tisaiwale kuti Ilex aquifolium amafuna mtanda kubereketsa zomera. Choncho, kwa fruiting zambiri pa malo muyenera kukhala ndi zomera ochepa, mungathe kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri, chodzala mitengo amuna komanso akazi ali kutali Chrixitu.

Nthawi zina Holly anakhudzidwa ndi choipitsa mochedwa, imbaenda kuwonongeka kwa rhizomes ndi chiwonongeko chotheratu cha zomera. Chotero, pa kudziwika mtengo wa matenda, mbewu ayenera kuwonongedwa pomwepo ndi mankhwala nthaka padziko.

Mu chochitika cha chilala yaitali, mbewu ayenera kuthiriridwa zochuluka kwambiri, makamaka achinyamata kapena wamkulu mu magazini miphika. Kasupe aliyense, Holly ankakhulupirira ayenera kuperekedwa kuvala pamwamba pa fetereza madzi sitimadzipereka pa mlingo wa Botolo makumi atatu pa ndowa.

Mu nkhani ya m'Baibulo

Nthano wina ali kuti, pamene analowa m'dziko la Mpulumutsi Zidamera ankakhulupirira tchire. Pali ngakhale zithunzi komwe mtundu wa Khristu, m'malo minga, atavala nkhata ya minga chifukwa ankakhulupirira.

Malinga ndi nthano m'Baibulo, kamodzi zipatso za mbewu akhala laimu, koma reddened, papezeka mwazi wa Mpulumutsi.

"Zamatsenga" mphamvu

Pa Ilex aquifolium (kapena wamba) anthu anazindikira kale kubwera kwa Chikhristu. Anthu a Atlantic ndi kugombe la Mediterranean, kumene chitsamba chilichonse limakula zakutchire, kuyambira nthawi yakale ankalambira izo, kupereka mphamvu zamatsenga.

umoyo uno wa mbewu apulumuke ngakhale mu mthunzi zozama za nkhalango, kumene adzauka mbewu. Iwo ubwera mu pachimake cha ulemerero wake ya masika ndi yozizira kudutsa ndi yobiriwira chokongoletsedwa ndi masamba ndi zipatso, okhala ndi magazi-ofiira zipatso zawo chakupha kuti kupereka kuteteza anthu.

Iye akhapidziwa kuti kwa ife akhoza kupanga Wand matsenga ndi mkondo ndi kutsinde matabwa adzabweretsa chipulumutso zidzasintha pa mphamvu zoipa. Ndipo ngakhale lero akukhulupirira kuti kukolola lochuluka la zipatso za ankakhulupirira ndi nyengo yachisanu ikupita kwa yozizira.

zipatso

Ilex aquifolium zipatso zipse mu kugwa. Iwo anali yozizira kwambiri mu mtengo. chomera Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zambiri ankakonda ambiri limaonetseratu za Khirisimasi. Mu Chikhristu, Ilex aquifolium, zithunzi zomwe ndi ngakhale mu mabuku m'Baibulo chimaonetsedwa mavuto. Ake zipatso wofiira amaimira magazi. Koma ambiri, mbewu amaimira moyo wosatha ndi kubadwanso.

zaka ankakhulupirira zipatso zapitazo ankagwiritsa ntchito pa matenda a malungo ndi matenda ena. Pali umboni kuti nkhabe mungondithandiza ndi nthomba mliri ikufalikira mu Europe.

asing'anga amadziwa kuti zipatso ndi masamba a ankakhulupirira platanoides ngakhale ali antipyretic ndi zina zina mankhwala, koma iwo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri. Mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku iwo, ndi oopsa kwambiri chifukwa amanena za zinthu zina kwambiri poizoni monga ilitsin.

Monga khumi ndi zisanu kapena makumi awiri zipatso udzakhala wokwanira atatha kudya wamkulu kwambiri poizoni. Ngakhale chilungamo tisaiwale kuti imfa mu mbiri amadziwika osati kwambiri. madokotala German mukuti poizoni, muyenera gwetsa "ngati mankhwala"; chakwanira opaka ndi thunthu ayambirira Holly chitsamba kubwera machiritso pafupifupi yomweyo.

Holly-ankakhulupirira panagona malo

zomera okongola ndi ntchito zabwino, komanso zitsamba zina zachilengedwe munda. Imakhala mbalame chakudya m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa cha zipatso zake, amene amasunga nthambi kwenikweni pamaso maluwa lotsatira. Ndipo chifukwa mbalame ndi ankakhulupirira kubalana amapezeka kuthengo: kudya zipatso, adayala mbewu ali iwo kulikonse.

Wamaluwa mukudziwa kuti zanthete za mbewu - namsongole kwambiri intrusive. Ilex aquifolium mwangwiro amenable topiary. Choncho, okonza zambiri ntchito kuti topiary wokongola. Bonsai okonda komanso kugwira ntchito ndi burashi izi.

M'munda

Kuyambira mfundo za ankakhulupirira (ankakhulupirira kapena wamba) ndi chidwi monga windbreaks, oyenera ankafika pa gombe chifukwa kukana ake okwezeka mchere. Komanso, amapereka odalirika tchinga. Modabwitsa prickly masamba hollies anabzala pafupi ndi zomera - chitetezo chodalirika alendo osafunika m'munda. A nyimbo kukongoletsa zopangidwa ankakhulupirira pa izi Khirisimasi kapena Chaka Chatsopano, kupanga chikhalidwe ngakhale okongola.

Kunyumba,

Chifukwa chakuti Holly ndi wokongola kwambiri, anthu ambiri amakonda kukula mu miphika. Kunyumba, ayenera repotted zaka ziwiri (m'chaka) mu chidebe lalikulu kuposa munthu weniweni. The gawo lapansi kwa kukula mu mphika kuti chisakanizo cha lachonde wa sod peat ndi mchenga ndalama ofanana, wofikapo zovuta fetereza.