Interferon anthu - katundu kwachilengedwenso

Interferon anthu anapeza mu 1957 asayansi awiri Isaacs ndi Lindemann. Ndiyamika kupezeka ndi njira zatsopano pofuna kuteteza khungu anthu wakhazikitsidwa pa matenda tizilombo. Kutentha inactivated fuluwenza olemba HIV anali yoyambitsidwa mazira, homogenised horionalantois ndipo anapeza kuti supernatant kumabwezera mmbuyo kukula ndi HIV yogwira pa horionalantoise. Chinthu A umene unali mwa homogenates ndi dzina lake interferon, ndi wapadera kwachilengedwenso katundu wake kwa zaka zambiri ankakhulupirira chitetezo antivovirusnuyu. Anapeza kuti alimi a interferon ndi maselo zimakhala zosiyanasiyana anthu ndi nyama. mapangidwe ace anachititsa ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya penapake ang'onoang'ono, bowa tizilombo, mogwirizana, mphamvu mitogens ma polima kupanga. Leukocytes amatha kupangira interferon kaphatikizidwe maola 3-4 pambuyo HIV makulitsidwe.

Tikumbukenso kuti chodabwitsa cha kusokonezedwa tizilombo kale kudziwika. Bukuli lili ndi mphamvu chitetezo anthu ndi zochita za HIV chosakaza mothandizidwa ndi zinthu kukaniza nonspecific, ngati pa nthawi yomweyo kapena kale mu thupi lomwelo afika zochepa oopsa HIV. Chinachake monga chonchi, ndiko kuti, chodabwitsa cha kusokonezedwa zimawonedwa mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda bakiteriya mu njira ya mogwirizana awo. Anapeza kuti mtundu wa tizilomboto akhoza ziletsa kubalana mitundu ina, ndipo motero kusintha njira chifukwa iwo matenda. Iwo imatsimikizirika kuti pamene munthu kachilombo kapena brucellosis nyama, kukhala asanazolowere matenda a anthrax. Anafotokoza kusokonezedwa pakati mabakiteriya brucella ndi tularemia. Pali chifukwa choganizira kuti kusokonezedwa mabakiteriya opangidwa ndi woletsa kuti midadada maselo kwenikweni mu zazikulu-chamoyo kuti amalenga akumane kuti kuli mmodzi wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kupikisana.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, pali mitundu itatu ya interferon (Popanga madzi a gamma-m'thupi, fibroblast beta ndi Alpha leukocyte interferon), amene amasiyana chiyambi, thupi ndi makhalidwe kwachilengedwenso. Izo ziyenera ananena kuti kusokonezedwa pakati mavairasi ikuchitika ndi thandizo la woletsa wapadera umene apanga ndi maselo kachilombo chamoyo.

Anatsimikizira kuti interferon anthu - gulu la zokhudzana mapeputisayidi biologically yogwira, amene anapanga maselo pambuyo kukondoweza mwa inducers osiyana. Anthu ambiri interferon akhoza kuletsa ntchito zamoyo mavairasi osiyana mu thupi, zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri kwambiri. tcheru kwambiri zochita za interferon anatsimikizira mavairasi ndi akunja chipolopolo ndi zamadzimadzi zigawo (miksovirusy, arboviruses, kachilombo koyambitsa nthomba), ndipo picornaviruses pamene adenoviruses wopanda envelopu lakunja ndi zambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi chinthu ichi. Komabe, pali kuchotserapo pamene mavairasi ndi envelopu iyi, chionetsero kuchuluka kukana kuti zochita za interferon (nsungu mavairasi).

interferon anthu

The kutsogolera chachikulu mapangidwe ake ambiri amaona malowedwe a maselo yachilendo asidi mkati, zomwe akuphwanya yachibadwa majini bwino magulu osiyanasiyana a maselo. nzothandiza A bwino kuchita HIV mkati asidi maselo peresenti nyama, ngakhale ena zidulo mkati atha kutumikira ngati inducers wa interferon. Pakati pa zigawo zikuluzikulu maselo tating'onoting'ono kuti yodziwika ndi zotsatira interferon, yofunika kwambiri ndi ankaimba ndi endotoxins mabakiteriya galamu alibe komanso lipopolysaccharides ndi polysaccharides, makamaka pirogenal, prodigiozan. Interferon amapangidwa ndi zochita za anthu mchikakamizo cha phages RNA ndi mavairasi omwe bwino kutetezedwa zotsatira ochepetsera wa ribonuclease.

Ndi nkhani ya katundu wa interferon, iye, mosiyana ndi zoletsa ndi odziwika kuchita HIV likukhudza iwo kudzera maselo tcheru, kuwapanga kugonjetsedwa kubalana tizilombo. Kuti interferon posonyeza zotsatira mavairasi oyambitsa, maselo tcheru ayenera kukhala phe kaphatikizidwe RNA ma ndi mapuloteni ma.

Posachedwapa, ngati wothandizira mavairasi oyambitsa kutumikiridwa "anthu zophatikizananso interferon alfa 2". mavairasi oyambitsa kanthu limagwirira chokhudzana ndi chilengedwe cha asilikali oteteza neinfetsirovanyh HIV maselo. Kumasintha katundu wa nembanemba khungu, amene kumathandiza malowedwe a HIV mu selo.

The katundu kwachilengedwenso monga interferon mitundu kulunjika, kutanthauza kusankha chiwonetsero cha ntchito mu thupi la mtundu wake magazi. Mwachitsanzo, interferon opangidwa maselo nkhuku wosabadwayo, mwina sateteza makoswe kapena nyama zina ndi interferon umatulutsa leukocytes anthu, alibe ntchito nyama. Mundawu ndi malire ndipo, nthawi zina, interferon chiyambi heterologous kungakhale yogwira mu thupi la mtundu wina.