Italy wa zojambulajambula Antonello Da Messina: yonena, zilandiridwenso ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Antonello Da Messina - wotchuka Italy wojambula. Kumayambiriro Kubadwa Kwatsopano ankaimira sukulu kum'mwera kwa kupenta. Iye anali mphunzitsi Alibrandi Girolamo, amene dzina Rafael la Messina. Pofuna kukwaniritsa mtundu kuya kusiyanitsa zithunzi ndi zithunzi ndakatulo, kutsatira njira ya kupenta mafuta. M'nkhaniyi tiona adzamvetsera yonena mwachidule chithunzicho, ndipo tione ntchito yake.

Nthumwi za njira ina yatsopano

zambiri za moyo wa Antonello Da Messina zokayikitsa, wofooka kapena anataya. Koma zikuonekeratu kuti waonetsa Venetian ojambula zithunzi mwayi wowala wa kupenta mafuta. Motero anaika maziko amene Italy m'madera chifungulo cha luso Western. Monga ojambula zithunzi zina zambiri za nthawi, mwambo Dutch wa Antonello ophatikizana kufala optically molondola mfundo fano ndi zaluso zochititsa chidwi wa ku Italy.

Akatswiri a mbiri yakale apeza umboni wa mfundo yakuti mu 1456 ndi ngwazi za nkhani imeneyi wophunzira. Kuti, osalephera, zojambulajambula ndi anabadwa 1430. Neopolitanets Kolantonio anali mphunzitsi Antonello Messina, amene amagwira ntchito adzakhala pansipa. Ndipotu umenewu ndi umboni uthenga John. Vasari. Pa nthawiyi, Naples anali mchikakamizo chikhalidwe ambiri Iberia, France ndi Netherlands, kuposa kumpoto Italy ndi Tuscany. Mothandizidwa Van Eyck ndi gulu lake lochititsa chidwi ndi chithunzi idaphuka pamodzi tsiku lililonse likadutsa. Rumor anali kuti ngwazi za nkhaniyi anaphunzira njira ya kupenta mafuta pa iye.

chithunzi mbuye

Native Antonello Da Messina anali wa ku Italy, koma pa Tirhana Education mu muyeso kwambiri kuti kupenta miyambo ya kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Iye zokongola zolochedwa zithunzi, amene analipo pafupifupi makumi atatu peresenti ya ntchito zake wotsalayo. Antonello zambiri ankafotokozedwa chitsanzo kugwira ndi pafupi-mmwamba. Pankhaniyi, mapewa ndi mutu kuika pa maziko mdima. Nthawi zina Pachithunzipa wojambula sketched kampanda ndi ZOWONJEZERA thereto kartellino (a kachidutswa kakang'ono ka pepala ndi mawu). Illyuzionisticheskie likutipatsa khalidwe ndi zolondola kulanda deta mbali zimasonyeza kuti inayamba Dutch.

"Chithunzi cha Munthu"

chithunzi ichi zojambulidwa ndi Antonello Da Messina mu 1474-1475 gg. Ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zabwino. mbuye zochepa phale zimalimbikitsa bulauni, wakuda ndi munthu zikwapu olimba ndi woyera. Kupatulapo ndi kapu wofiira, wodzilemekeza peeping mdima wofiira lamizeremizere kavalidwe pansi. Dziko lamkati la chitsanzo utoto pafupifupi chipenyere. Koma nkhope chimachokera nzeru ndi mphamvu. Antonello finely kwambiri amatsatira chiaroscuro wake. Pachimake kujambula nkhope, pamodzi ndi sewero kuwala amapereka mankhwala Antonello pafupifupi sculptural expressiveness.

"Uyu ni munthu '

Zithunzi za Italy glossy kukopa amaonetsa, chonyezimira pamwamba ndi mtundu chipinda. Ndipo pamene makhalidwe amenewa da Messina amanyamula kupenta achipembedzo (chithunzi "ndi" munthu), mawonekedwe a azivutika amakhala kwambiri chopweteka. Ndi misozi pa nkhope yake, ndipo ndi chingwe m'khosi mwake, wamaliseche Khristu akuyang'ana wowerenga lapansi. chithunzi chake chimadzala pafupifupi munda wonse intaneti. Kumasulira nkhani ndi chosiyana pang'ono ku mitu iconographic. Chitaliyana amayesetsa kwenikweni kupereka maganizo ndi fano thupi la Khristu. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa wowerenga kuganizira tanthauzo la kuvutika kwa Yesu.

"Maria Annunziata" Antonello Da Messina

Ntchito imeneyi, mosiyana chithunzi, "Munthu uyu," maganizo osiyana kwambiri. Koma kwa wowerenga, komanso amafuna zinachitikira mkati ndi okhudzidwa maganizo. Koma "Maria Annunziata", monga Antonello Chilombocho kum'patsa mu udindo wa mkulu wa angelo mu danga. Kamakupatsani kudzikayikira mogwirizana maganizo. Pansi kuseri lectern Mary lamanzere amaona chinsalu pa chophimba chake buluu, ndi dzanja ena zimautsa. Mkazi kwathunthu bata ndi woganiza, izo ndendende aunika, sculptural mutu nzelu ngati chimachokera kuyatsa pa mdima maziko chithunzi.

"Maria Annunziata" - si kugwira yekha mkazi, penti ndi Antonello da Messina. "Annunciation" - kuti dzina zojambula zina zofanana a zojambulajambula, chimene chimasonyeza yemweyo Virgin Mary, basi mu aima osiyana: iye ali ndi bulangeti buluu ndi manja onse awiri.

Zithunzi zonse chithunzicho kusonyeza kumverera kugwirizana wauzimu ndi mphamvu mkazi apamwamba. nkhope mawu ake, kaimidwe, manja ndi mutu, komanso kuona kum'patsa kuti Mariya tsopano kutali dziko wachivundi. A wakuda maziko zojambula yekha anatsindika detachment wa Virgin.

"St. Jerome m'chipinda wake "

Mu chithunzi pamwambapa si osachepera chidwi ndi nkhani za kulanda malo ozungulira. Koma ena amagwira ntchito chithunzicho chikutanthauza kwambiri patsogolo pa nthawi yake. The kupenta "St. Jerome m'chipinda chake, "akunena kuwerenga lectern woyera. ofesi yake ili mu holo Gothic, pa khoma kumbuyo amene amadula kupyolera mu mazenera mu mbewu ziwiri. Mu Pachithunzipa wa fano ili anapangidwa ndi malire ndi Chipilala. Zazindikirika monga proscenium (phwando, lofala luso la mayiko kumpoto kwa Alps). Mpiru-akuda mwala limatsindika kusiyana kwa mthunzi ndi kuwala mchipindamo, ngati mphanga. Mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo (malo kwina, zinthu nkhuku pa maalumali) opatsirana ndi digiri yapamwamba kwambiri molondola. Tikwaniritse zotsatira izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mafuta utoto m'malo zikwapu yaing'ono. Koma ambiri Chofunika ulemerero wa kupenta da Messina akadali si odalirika HIV mbali, ndi mgwirizano stylistic mpweya ndi kuwala.

Guwa yaikulu

Mu 1475-1476 gg. chithunzicho ankakhala Venice. Pali analemba San Cassiano otchuka guwa la mpingo. Mwatsoka, kuti tsiku yekha anasunga mbali chapakati, lomwe limasonyeza kuti kuwuka yoikidwa Madonna ndi Mwana. Pa mbali ya muli oyera. guwa ili ndi mtundu wa Sacra konverzatsione. Kuti ali ndi Madonna ndi Mwana ndi Oyera ndi danga chomwecho. Ndipo izi ndi zosiyana ndi mawonekedwe lagawidwa Part wa polyptych. Maziko a kumanganso guwa yaikulu anapanga kenaka Giovanni Bellini.

"Pieta" ndi "Kupachikidwa"

Mafuta kupenta ndi Antonello, ndipo makamaka, luso popereka kuwala kwa njira imeneyi wakhala wofunika kwambiri ndi amisiri anzake. Kuyambira nthawi kuti colourism Venetian chokhazikika pa chitukuko cha mkulu kuthekera malangizo atsopano. Ntchito mwa da Messina Venetian nthawi chimodzimodzi cilamulo azimuth kuti ntchito zake zoyambirira. Kwambiri achotsa ndi kupenta "Pieta", ngakhale mu chikhalidwe ngati cha kuonongeka mmenemo oonera kwambiri chifundo. Pa chivundikiro cha manda a mtembo wa Khristu womwe angelo atatu mwa mpweya ndi mapiko zisonga. chithunzicho utoto chithunzi chapakati mu pafupi-mmwamba. Ankaoneka kuti unkagunda pamwamba pa intaneti. Chisoni ndi anthu azivutika wasonyeza - ndicho chimene ntchito njira pamwamba, nafuna ndi Antonello da Messina. "Kupachikidwa" - chithunzi osiyana a zojambulajambula a. Ndi yofanana ndi mutu wa "Pieta". Pa nsalu limasonyeza Yesu pamtanda. Kudzanja lake lamanja anakhala Maria, ndi lamanzere - Mtumwi Yohane. Komanso "Pieta" intaneti umalimbana ndi chifukwa wowerenga chifundo.

"Saint Sebastian"

chithunzi ichi ndi chitsanzo cha mmene chithunzi Antonello mpikisano amunamuna manyazi ndi luso kufala kwa liniya kaonedwe severoitalyanskogo ndi anzawo. Motsutsa likhale mwala bwalo lalikulu thupi anamulasa ndi mivi woyera amapeza kukula kwambiri. Iri yofulumira kwambiri danga mpukutu mzati mu Pachithunzipa ndi chiyembekezo zikutha mfundo otsika kwambiri amati zojambulajambula ntchito mfundo yomanga Euclidean Masamu zikuchokera.

mfundo zosangalatsa

• Antonello Da Messina, amene zojambula akhala tafotokozazi zambiri ankafotokozedwa otchulidwa kugwira awo, pafupi pa maziko mdima.
• Malinga ndi George. Vasari, Italy anapita ku Netherlands kudziwa chinsinsi cha njira zatsopano kupenta. Komabe, sikuti zatsimikiziridwa.
• Pakali pano palibe akonzedwa kwambiri amene ankaphunzitsa ngwazi za nkhaniyi kupenta mafuta. Malinga ndi mphekesera, zinali Van Eyck.