Kambiranani ndi mkulu wathu - Hypophysis wa Head Brain

Njira iliyonse yovuta ikhoza kukhalapo chifukwa cha kasamalidwe kodalirika. Izi ndi zoona, zatsimikiziridwa ndi mbiri ndi nthawi. Thupi laumunthu liri dongosolo la zovuta zovuta zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi pansi pa kutsogolera kwa endocrine ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Ndipo woyang'anira wamkulu wa nkhani yonseyi ndi chikoka cha ubongo. Kodi katswiri uyu ndi ndani?

Ubongo wa ubongo ndi waung'ono komanso wosawoneka. Kukula kunalephera, kukula kwake kumakhala kofanana ndi kachetechete kakang'ono kwambiri, ndipo sikanakhoza kulemera - basi 0,65 magalamu komanso osachepera. Kunja kuli ndi magawo awiri. Kutsogolo kokhala ndi minofu yonyansa, kuseri-kumanjenje. Chifukwa chachinyengo ichi chingatchulidwe mayina awiri. Ngati tilankhula za gawo loyamba, ndiye kutchedwa adenohypophysis. Ponena za chigawo cha mantha cha mnzathu, dzina lake amatchedwa neurohypophysis nthawi zoterezi.

Maginito ndi osowa kwambiri, choncho amafunika kutetezedwa. Chikoka cha ubongo sichoncho. Kwa iye palibe chomwe chinachitika, iye anayikidwa pamalo otetezedwa bwino - mumtsinje waukulu. Ndili pamunsi pa ubongo m'thumba, wotchedwa wina Turkish.

Pambuyo pozindikira mwachidule umunthu wa luso, tiyeni tipeze nzeru zake. Zimakhudza magawo osiyanasiyana a moyo waumunthu. Kubereka mwana, kudyetsa mwana, kuchokera kwa mwana kuti akhale wamkulu; Osati kufa chifukwa cha ludzu panthawi yachisokonezo ndi matenda, kukhala ndi kulemera kwabwino ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kukhala wokondwa komanso kukhala ndi moyo wochuluka - ukusowa chithandizo cha pituitary. Kuphulika kwa ntchito za katswiri uyu kumavuta kwambiri moyo.

Kodi chitsulo chodabwitsa ichi chikuchita chiyani? Zimapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwira ntchito, zomwe zimatchedwa mawu amodzi - mahomoni. Mahomoni amenewa ndi ofunika kwambiri. Zonsezi zapangidwe mu thupi lathu sizosatheka popanda mahomoni. Choncho, kuti mukule, mukufunikira hormone somatotropin (anthu amaidziwa ngati kukula kwa hormone). Mimba ndi chitukuko cha mwana wosabadwa sichitheka popanda mahomoni osakaniza komanso opatsa mphamvu. Pa kubadwa, kuyamba kuyambitsa, oxytocin ndi kofunika kwambiri, ndipo popanda prolactin, mwanayo sadzakhala ndi mkaka wa amayi wokondedwa.

Ubongo wa ubongo suli wovuta. Ntchito zake zingasokonezedwe. Matendawa ndi ofanana ndi pamene mutu wa malonda akudwala ndipo m'malo mwake palibe wina. Muzochitika zotero, nthawi zambiri pali zovuta zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, kubwerera mmbuyo komanso nthawi yopuma. Zinthu zofanana ndizo zimachitika pamene chiberekero chimasiya kutulutsa mahomoni, kapena zimalowa m'thupi pang'ono (kusowa) kapena zochulukirapo.

Mahomoni a chigoba chotchedwa pituitary gland amakhudza ziwalo zodalirika za kutsekemera mkati, monga matenda a adrenal, mazira, mazira ndi tizilombo ta chithokomiro. Aliyense wa iwo amayang'anira dera lake ndipo amachititsa ntchito zomwe amachititsa kuti ayambe kuchita. Chifukwa chake, ngati chithokomiro chimayamba kugwira ntchito, njira yonse yamatope imatha , zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu mthupi lonse.

Chithokomiro chimayamba kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha zotupa zomwe zimawoneka chifukwa cha kukula kwa msana. Amayambitsa njirayi monga chibadwa chosinthika, ndi zina zakunja - zochitika zachilengedwe zoipa, zowonongeka, zowonongeka kwa ubongo. Mtundu wa makoswe ochepa kwambiri a mankhwalawa amakhala osagwirizana: maselo ena amakhala olemera kwambiri kwa ena. Zotsatira zake, maselo omwe ali ambiri, amapanga mahomoni ambiri, ndi omwe akusoŵa, amachititsa kusowa kwa mahomoni ena. Kuthamanga kwa mahomoni kumasokonezeka. Zotsatira zake ndizosiyana kwambiri: Kuchokera kuzing'ono zochepa za msambo kukwaniritsa kulephera kwa dongosolo lonse la endocrine. Nkhani yomaliza idaphunziridwa ndikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi akatswiri odziwika bwino otchedwa endocrinologists monga Nikolay Itenko ndi Harvey Cushing. Kawirikawiri matendawa amatchedwa mayina awo.

Tsoka ilo, n'zosatheka kubwezeretseratu zovuta zomwe zimachititsa kuti vutoli lisasokonezeke , chifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sizikumveka bwinobwino. Madokotala onse angathe kuchita izi ndi kuphunzitsa wodwalayo kuti asunge mphamvu ya ma hormoni mothandizidwa ndi olowa m'malo a hormone, omwe amachotsedwa moyo wonse.